Fix Cashu long-message guard bypass

Co-authored-by: jack <jackjackbits@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/workflows/fetch_georelays.yml

@@ -25,47 +25,18 @@ jobs:
           wget -q https://raw.githubusercontent.com/permissionlesstech/georelays/refs/heads/main/nostr_relays.csv
           mv nostr_relays.csv ./relays/online_relays_gps.csv
 
-      - name: Configure git
+      - name: Check for changes
+        id: git-check
         run: |
-          git config user.email "action@github.com"
-          git config user.name "GitHub Action"
-
-      - name: Create update branch if changes
-        id: create_branch
+          git diff --exit-code || echo "changes=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+    
+      - name: Commit and push changes
+        if: steps.git-check.outputs.changes == 'true'
         run: |
-          # exit early if no changes
-          if git diff --quiet --relays/online_relays_gps.csv; then
-            echo "changed=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-            exit 0
-          fi
-
-          # branch name with timestamp
-          BRANCH="update-georelays-$(date -u +%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ)"
-          git checkout -b "$BRANCH"
-
+          git config --local user.email "action@github.com"
+          git config --local user.name "GitHub Action"
           git add relays/online_relays_gps.csv
-          git commit -m "Automated update of relay data - $(date -u --rfc-3339=seconds)"
-          echo "changed=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "branch=$BRANCH" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-      - name: Push branch
-        if: steps.create_branch.outputs.changed == 'true'
-        run: |
-          git push --set-upstream origin "${{ steps.create_branch.outputs.branch }}"
-
-      - name: Create pull request
-        if: steps.create_branch.outputs.changed == 'true'
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v5
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          commit-message: Automated update of relay data
-          branch: ${{ steps.create_branch.outputs.branch }}
-          base: main
-          title: Automated update of relay data
-          body: |
-            This PR was created automatically by the scheduled workflow. It updates relays/online_relays_gps.csv from the GeoRelays source.
-          labels: automated, georelays
-
-      - name: No changes
-        if: steps.create_branch.outputs.changed != 'true'
-        run: echo "No changes to relays/online_relays_gps.csv"
+          git commit -m "Automated update of relay data - $(date -u)"
+          git push
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/swift-tests.yml

@@ -5,14 +5,23 @@ on:
     branches:
       - main
   pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - main
 
 jobs:
   test:
-    name: Run Swift Tests
+    name: Run Swift Tests (${{ matrix.name }})
     runs-on: macos-latest
 
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false # Don't cancel other matrix jobs when one fails
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - name: app
+            path: .
+          - name: BitLogger
+            path: localPackages/BitLogger
+          - name: BitFoundation
+            path: localPackages/BitFoundation
+
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v5
@@ -20,8 +29,14 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Swift
         uses: swift-actions/setup-swift@v2
 
-      - name: Build the package
-        run: swift build
+      - name: Cache build artifacts
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ matrix.path }}/.build
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.name }}-${{ hashFiles(format('{0}/**/*.swift', matrix.path), format('{0}/**/Package.resolved', matrix.path)) }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.name }}-${{ hashFiles(format('{0}/**/Package.resolved', matrix.path)) }}
+            ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.name }}-
 
       - name: Run Tests
-        run: swift test --parallel
+        run: swift test --parallel --quiet --package-path ${{ matrix.path }}

.gitignore

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ plans/
 ## AI
 CLAUDE.md
 AGENTS.md
+.claude/
 
 ## compatibility with Xcode 8 and earlier (ignoring not required starting Xcode 9)
 *.xcscmblueprint

Configs/Release.xcconfig

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-MARKETING_VERSION = 1.5.0
+MARKETING_VERSION = 1.5.1
 CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION = 1
 
 IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = 16.0
@@ -9,3 +9,4 @@ DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = L3N5LHJD5Y
 CODE_SIGN_STYLE = Automatic
 
 PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = chat.bitchat
+APP_GROUP_ID = group.chat.bitchat

Justfile

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ patch-for-macos: backup
 # Build the macOS app
 build: #check generate
     @echo "Building BitChat for macOS..."
-    @xcodebuild -project bitchat.xcodeproj -scheme "bitchat_macOS" -configuration Debug CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY="" CODE_SIGNING_REQUIRED=NO CODE_SIGN_ENTITLEMENTS="" build
+    @xcodebuild -project bitchat.xcodeproj -scheme "bitchat (macOS)" -configuration Debug CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY="" CODE_SIGNING_REQUIRED=NO CODE_SIGN_ENTITLEMENTS="" build
 
 # Run the macOS app
 run: build

Package.swift

@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ let package = Package(
         ),
     ],
     dependencies:[
-        .package(path: "localPackages/Tor"),
+        .package(path: "localPackages/Arti"),
+        .package(path: "localPackages/BitFoundation"),
         .package(path: "localPackages/BitLogger"),
         .package(url: "https://github.com/21-DOT-DEV/swift-secp256k1", exact: "0.21.1")
     ],
@@ -25,16 +26,19 @@ let package = Package(
             name: "bitchat",
             dependencies: [
                 .product(name: "P256K", package: "swift-secp256k1"),
+                .product(name: "BitFoundation", package: "BitFoundation"),
                 .product(name: "BitLogger", package: "BitLogger"),
-                .product(name: "Tor", package: "Tor")
+                .product(name: "Tor", package: "Arti")
             ],
             path: "bitchat",
             exclude: [
                 "Info.plist",
                 "Assets.xcassets",
+                "_PreviewHelpers/PreviewAssets.xcassets",
                 "bitchat.entitlements",
                 "bitchat-macOS.entitlements",
-                "LaunchScreen.storyboard"
+                "LaunchScreen.storyboard",
+                "ViewModels/Extensions/README.md"
             ],
             resources: [
                 .process("Localizable.xcstrings")
@@ -42,14 +46,18 @@ let package = Package(
         ),
         .testTarget(
             name: "bitchatTests",
-            dependencies: ["bitchat"],
+            dependencies: [
+                "bitchat",
+                .product(name: "BitFoundation", package: "BitFoundation")
+            ],
             path: "bitchatTests",
             exclude: [
                 "Info.plist",
                 "README.md"
             ],
             resources: [
-                .process("Localization")
+                .process("Localization"),
+                .process("Noise")
             ]
         )
     ]

README.md

@@ -8,9 +8,6 @@ A decentralized peer-to-peer messaging app with dual transport architecture: loc
 
 📲 [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bitchat-mesh/id6748219622)
 
-> [!WARNING]
-> Private messages have not received external security review and may contain vulnerabilities. Do not use for sensitive use cases, and do not rely on its security until it has been reviewed. Now uses the [Noise Protocol](https://www.noiseprotocol.org) for identity and encryption. Public local chat (the main feature) has no security concerns.
-
 ## License
 
 This project is released into the public domain. See the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file for details.

bitchat.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj

@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@
 		17901751FD8010AFC8E750F2 /* bitchatShareExtension.appex in Embed Foundation Extensions */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 61F92EBA29C47C0FCC482F1F /* bitchatShareExtension.appex */; settings = {ATTRIBUTES = (RemoveHeadersOnCopy, ); }; };
 		3EE336D150427F736F32B56C /* P256K in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = B1D9136AA0083366353BFA2F /* P256K */; };
 		885BBED78092484A5B069461 /* P256K in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = 4EB6BA1B8464F1EA38F4E286 /* P256K */; };
+		A6BCF9482F80953E001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = A6BCF9472F80953E001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation */; };
+		A6BCF94A2F809550001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = A6BCF9492F809550001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation */; };
 		A6E3E5702E77036A0032EA8A /* BitLogger in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = A6E3E56F2E77036A0032EA8A /* BitLogger */; };
 		A6E3E5722E7703760032EA8A /* BitLogger in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = A6E3E5712E7703760032EA8A /* BitLogger */; };
 		A6E3EA7F2E7706720032EA8A /* Tor in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = A6E3EA7E2E7706720032EA8A /* Tor */; };
 		A6E3EA812E7706A80032EA8A /* Tor in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = A6E3EA802E7706A80032EA8A /* Tor */; };
-		A6F183FD2E948783006A9046 /* tor-nolzma.xcframework in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = A6F183FC2E948783006A9046 /* tor-nolzma.xcframework */; };
 		E0A1B2C3D4E5F6012345678D /* relays/online_relays_gps.csv in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = E0A1B2C3D4E5F6012345678A /* relays/online_relays_gps.csv */; };
 		E0A1B2C3D4E5F6012345678E /* relays/online_relays_gps.csv in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = E0A1B2C3D4E5F6012345678A /* relays/online_relays_gps.csv */; };
 /* End PBXBuildFile section */
@@ -95,6 +96,24 @@
 			);
 			target = 57CA17A36A2532A6CFF367BB /* bitchatShareExtension */;
 		};
+		C5E027A52ECCDFD700BD6012 /* Exceptions for "bitchatTests" folder in "bitchatTests_macOS" target */ = {
+			isa = PBXFileSystemSynchronizedBuildFileExceptionSet;
+			membershipExceptions = (
+				Info.plist,
+				Localization/PrimaryLocalizationKeys.json,
+				README.md,
+			);
+			target = 47FF23248747DD7CB666CB91 /* bitchatTests_macOS */;
+		};
+		C5E027A82ECCDFE200BD6012 /* Exceptions for "bitchatTests" folder in "bitchatTests_iOS" target */ = {
+			isa = PBXFileSystemSynchronizedBuildFileExceptionSet;
+			membershipExceptions = (
+				Info.plist,
+				Localization/PrimaryLocalizationKeys.json,
+				README.md,
+			);
+			target = 6CB97DF2EA57234CB3E563B8 /* bitchatTests_iOS */;
+		};
 /* End PBXFileSystemSynchronizedBuildFileExceptionSet section */
 
 /* Begin PBXFileSystemSynchronizedRootGroup section */
@@ -118,6 +137,10 @@
 		};
 		A6E32D412E762EAE0032EA8A /* bitchatTests */ = {
 			isa = PBXFileSystemSynchronizedRootGroup;
+			exceptions = (
+				C5E027A82ECCDFE200BD6012 /* Exceptions for "bitchatTests" folder in "bitchatTests_iOS" target */,
+				C5E027A52ECCDFD700BD6012 /* Exceptions for "bitchatTests" folder in "bitchatTests_macOS" target */,
+			);
 			path = bitchatTests;
 			sourceTree = "<group>";
 		};
@@ -135,15 +158,16 @@
 				A6E3E5722E7703760032EA8A /* BitLogger in Frameworks */,
 				3EE336D150427F736F32B56C /* P256K in Frameworks */,
 				A6E3EA812E7706A80032EA8A /* Tor in Frameworks */,
+				A6BCF94A2F809550001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation in Frameworks */,
 			);
 		};
 		B5A5CC493FFB3D8966548140 /* Frameworks */ = {
 			isa = PBXFrameworksBuildPhase;
 			files = (
-				A6F183FD2E948783006A9046 /* tor-nolzma.xcframework in Frameworks */,
 				A6E3E5702E77036A0032EA8A /* BitLogger in Frameworks */,
 				885BBED78092484A5B069461 /* P256K in Frameworks */,
 				A6E3EA7F2E7706720032EA8A /* Tor in Frameworks */,
+				A6BCF9482F80953E001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation in Frameworks */,
 			);
 		};
 /* End PBXFrameworksBuildPhase section */
@@ -203,6 +227,7 @@
 				B1D9136AA0083366353BFA2F /* P256K */,
 				A6E3E5712E7703760032EA8A /* BitLogger */,
 				A6E3EA802E7706A80032EA8A /* Tor */,
+				A6BCF9492F809550001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation */,
 			);
 			productName = bitchat_macOS;
 			productReference = 8F3A7C058C2C8E1A06C8CF8B /* bitchat.app */;
@@ -213,6 +238,7 @@
 			buildConfigurationList = 1C27B5BA3DB46DDF0DBFEF62 /* Build configuration list for PBXNativeTarget "bitchatTests_macOS" */;
 			buildPhases = (
 				5C22AA7B9ACC5A861445C769 /* Sources */,
+				C5E027A42ECCDFD700BD6012 /* Resources */,
 			);
 			buildRules = (
 			);
@@ -245,6 +271,7 @@
 			buildConfigurationList = 38C4AF6313E5037F25CEF30B /* Build configuration list for PBXNativeTarget "bitchatTests_iOS" */;
 			buildPhases = (
 				865C8403EF02C089369A9FCB /* Sources */,
+				C5E027A72ECCDFE200BD6012 /* Resources */,
 			);
 			buildRules = (
 			);
@@ -281,6 +308,7 @@
 				4EB6BA1B8464F1EA38F4E286 /* P256K */,
 				A6E3E56F2E77036A0032EA8A /* BitLogger */,
 				A6E3EA7E2E7706720032EA8A /* Tor */,
+				A6BCF9472F80953E001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation */,
 			);
 			productName = bitchat_iOS;
 			productReference = 96D0D41CA19EE5A772AA8434 /* bitchat.app */;
@@ -321,7 +349,8 @@
 			packageReferences = (
 				B8C407587481BBB190741C93 /* XCRemoteSwiftPackageReference "swift-secp256k1" */,
 				A6E3E56E2E77036A0032EA8A /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "localPackages/BitLogger" */,
-				A6E3EA7D2E7706720032EA8A /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "localPackages/Tor" */,
+				A6E3EA7D2E7706720032EA8A /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "localPackages/Arti" */,
+				A6BCF9462F80953E001CF9B9 /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "localPackages/BitFoundation" */,
 			);
 			preferredProjectObjectVersion = 90;
 			projectDirPath = "";
@@ -343,6 +372,16 @@
 				E0A1B2C3D4E5F6012345678D /* relays/online_relays_gps.csv in Resources */,
 			);
 		};
+		C5E027A42ECCDFD700BD6012 /* Resources */ = {
+			isa = PBXResourcesBuildPhase;
+			files = (
+			);
+		};
+		C5E027A72ECCDFE200BD6012 /* Resources */ = {
+			isa = PBXResourcesBuildPhase;
+			files = (
+			);
+		};
 		CD6E8F32BC38357473954F97 /* Resources */ = {
 			isa = PBXResourcesBuildPhase;
 			files = (
@@ -516,6 +555,7 @@
 				CODE_SIGNING_REQUIRED = YES;
 				CODE_SIGN_ENTITLEMENTS = bitchat/bitchat.entitlements;
 				CODE_SIGN_STYLE = "$(CODE_SIGN_STYLE)";
+				DEVELOPMENT_ASSET_PATHS = bitchat/_PreviewHelpers;
 				DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = "$(DEVELOPMENT_TEAM)";
 				ENABLE_PREVIEWS = NO;
 				INFOPLIST_FILE = bitchat/Info.plist;
@@ -526,7 +566,7 @@
 					"$(inherited)",
 					"@executable_path/Frameworks",
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = "$(MARKETING_VERSION)";
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 1.5.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = "$(PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER)";
 				PRODUCT_NAME = bitchat;
 				SDKROOT = iphoneos;
@@ -576,6 +616,7 @@
 				CODE_SIGNING_REQUIRED = YES;
 				CODE_SIGN_ENTITLEMENTS = bitchat/bitchat.entitlements;
 				CODE_SIGN_STYLE = "$(CODE_SIGN_STYLE)";
+				DEVELOPMENT_ASSET_PATHS = bitchat/_PreviewHelpers;
 				DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = "$(DEVELOPMENT_TEAM)";
 				ENABLE_PREVIEWS = YES;
 				INFOPLIST_FILE = bitchat/Info.plist;
@@ -586,7 +627,7 @@
 					"$(inherited)",
 					"@executable_path/Frameworks",
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = "$(MARKETING_VERSION)";
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 1.5.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = "$(PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER)";
 				PRODUCT_NAME = bitchat;
 				SDKROOT = iphoneos;
@@ -622,7 +663,7 @@
 					"@executable_path/../Frameworks",
 				);
 				MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = "$(MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET)";
-				MARKETING_VERSION = "$(MARKETING_VERSION)";
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 1.5.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = "$(PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER)";
 				PRODUCT_NAME = bitchat;
 				REGISTER_APP_GROUPS = YES;
@@ -714,7 +755,7 @@
 					"@executable_path/../Frameworks",
 				);
 				MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET = "$(MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET)";
-				MARKETING_VERSION = "$(MARKETING_VERSION)";
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 1.5.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = "$(PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER)";
 				PRODUCT_NAME = bitchat;
 				REGISTER_APP_GROUPS = YES;
@@ -875,13 +916,17 @@
 /* End XCConfigurationList section */
 
 /* Begin XCLocalSwiftPackageReference section */
+		A6BCF9462F80953E001CF9B9 /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "localPackages/BitFoundation" */ = {
+			isa = XCLocalSwiftPackageReference;
+			relativePath = localPackages/BitFoundation;
+		};
 		A6E3E56E2E77036A0032EA8A /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "localPackages/BitLogger" */ = {
 			isa = XCLocalSwiftPackageReference;
 			relativePath = localPackages/BitLogger;
 		};
-		A6E3EA7D2E7706720032EA8A /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "localPackages/Tor" */ = {
+		A6E3EA7D2E7706720032EA8A /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "localPackages/Arti" */ = {
 			isa = XCLocalSwiftPackageReference;
-			relativePath = localPackages/Tor;
+			relativePath = localPackages/Arti;
 		};
 /* End XCLocalSwiftPackageReference section */
 
@@ -890,8 +935,8 @@
 			isa = XCRemoteSwiftPackageReference;
 			repositoryURL = "https://github.com/21-DOT-DEV/swift-secp256k1";
 			requirement = {
-				kind = upToNextMajorVersion;
-				minimumVersion = 0.21.1;
+				kind = exactVersion;
+				version = 0.21.1;
 			};
 		};
 /* End XCRemoteSwiftPackageReference section */
@@ -902,6 +947,15 @@
 			package = B8C407587481BBB190741C93 /* XCRemoteSwiftPackageReference "swift-secp256k1" */;
 			productName = P256K;
 		};
+		A6BCF9472F80953E001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation */ = {
+			isa = XCSwiftPackageProductDependency;
+			productName = BitFoundation;
+		};
+		A6BCF9492F809550001CF9B9 /* BitFoundation */ = {
+			isa = XCSwiftPackageProductDependency;
+			package = A6BCF9462F80953E001CF9B9 /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "localPackages/BitFoundation" */;
+			productName = BitFoundation;
+		};
 		A6E3E56F2E77036A0032EA8A /* BitLogger */ = {
 			isa = XCSwiftPackageProductDependency;
 			productName = BitLogger;

bitchat/App/AppArchitecture.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import Foundation
+
+enum SharedContentKind: String, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case text
+    case url
+}
+
+enum RuntimeScenePhase: String, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case active
+    case inactive
+    case background
+}
+
+enum TorLifecycleEvent: String, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case willStart
+    case willRestart
+    case didBecomeReady
+    case preferenceChanged
+}
+
+enum AppEvent: Sendable, Equatable {
+    case launched
+    case startupCompleted
+    case scenePhaseChanged(RuntimeScenePhase)
+    case openedURL(String)
+    case sharedContentAccepted(SharedContentKind)
+    case notificationOpened(peerID: PeerID?)
+    case deepLinkOpened(String)
+    case torLifecycleChanged(TorLifecycleEvent)
+    case nostrRelayConnectionChanged(Bool)
+    case terminationRequested
+}
+
+actor AppEventStream {
+    private var continuations: [UUID: AsyncStream<AppEvent>.Continuation] = [:]
+
+    func stream() -> AsyncStream<AppEvent> {
+        let id = UUID()
+        return AsyncStream { continuation in
+            continuations[id] = continuation
+            continuation.onTermination = { [id] _ in
+                Task {
+                    await self.removeContinuation(id)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func emit(_ event: AppEvent) {
+        for continuation in continuations.values {
+            continuation.yield(event)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func finish() {
+        for continuation in continuations.values {
+            continuation.finish()
+        }
+        continuations.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    private func removeContinuation(_ id: UUID) {
+        continuations.removeValue(forKey: id)
+    }
+}
+
+struct PeerHandle: Sendable, Identifiable {
+    let id: String
+    let routingPeerID: PeerID
+    let displayName: String?
+    let noisePublicKeyHex: String?
+    let nostrPublicKey: String?
+}
+
+extension PeerHandle: Equatable {
+    static func == (lhs: PeerHandle, rhs: PeerHandle) -> Bool {
+        lhs.id == rhs.id
+    }
+}
+
+extension PeerHandle: Hashable {
+    func hash(into hasher: inout Hasher) {
+        hasher.combine(id)
+    }
+}
+
+enum ConversationID: Hashable, Sendable {
+    case mesh
+    case geohash(String)
+    case direct(PeerHandle)
+
+    init(channelID: ChannelID) {
+        switch channelID {
+        case .mesh:
+            self = .mesh
+        case .location(let channel):
+            self = .geohash(channel.geohash.lowercased())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@MainActor
+final class IdentityResolver {
+    private var handlesByRoutingPeerID: [PeerID: PeerHandle] = [:]
+    private var handlesByNoiseKey: [String: PeerHandle] = [:]
+    private var handlesByNostrKey: [String: PeerHandle] = [:]
+
+    func register(peers: [BitchatPeer]) {
+        for peer in peers {
+            _ = register(peer: peer)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    func register(peer: BitchatPeer) -> PeerHandle {
+        let handle = buildHandle(
+            routingPeerID: peer.peerID,
+            displayName: peer.displayName,
+            noisePublicKeyHex: peer.noisePublicKey.isEmpty ? nil : peer.noisePublicKey.hexEncodedString().lowercased(),
+            nostrPublicKey: normalizedNostrKey(peer.nostrPublicKey)
+        )
+        cache(handle)
+        return handle
+    }
+
+    func canonicalHandle(for peerID: PeerID, displayName: String? = nil) -> PeerHandle {
+        if let handle = handlesByRoutingPeerID[peerID] {
+            return handle
+        }
+
+        if peerID.isNoiseKeyHex, let handle = handlesByNoiseKey[peerID.bare] {
+            return handle
+        }
+
+        if (peerID.isGeoDM || peerID.isGeoChat), let handle = handlesByNostrKey[peerID.bare] {
+            return handle
+        }
+
+        let handle = buildHandle(
+            routingPeerID: peerID,
+            displayName: displayName,
+            noisePublicKeyHex: peerID.isNoiseKeyHex ? peerID.bare : nil,
+            nostrPublicKey: (peerID.isGeoDM || peerID.isGeoChat) ? peerID.bare : nil
+        )
+        cache(handle)
+        return handle
+    }
+
+    private func buildHandle(
+        routingPeerID: PeerID,
+        displayName: String?,
+        noisePublicKeyHex: String?,
+        nostrPublicKey: String?
+    ) -> PeerHandle {
+        let canonicalID: String
+        if let noisePublicKeyHex {
+            canonicalID = "noise:\(noisePublicKeyHex)"
+        } else if let nostrPublicKey {
+            canonicalID = "nostr:\(nostrPublicKey)"
+        } else {
+            canonicalID = "mesh:\(routingPeerID.id)"
+        }
+
+        let normalizedDisplayName: String?
+        if let displayName, !displayName.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty {
+            normalizedDisplayName = displayName
+        } else {
+            normalizedDisplayName = nil
+        }
+
+        return PeerHandle(
+            id: canonicalID,
+            routingPeerID: routingPeerID,
+            displayName: normalizedDisplayName,
+            noisePublicKeyHex: noisePublicKeyHex,
+            nostrPublicKey: nostrPublicKey
+        )
+    }
+
+    private func normalizedNostrKey(_ nostrPublicKey: String?) -> String? {
+        guard let nostrPublicKey else { return nil }
+        let trimmed = nostrPublicKey.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).lowercased()
+        return trimmed.isEmpty ? nil : trimmed
+    }
+
+    private func cache(_ handle: PeerHandle) {
+        handlesByRoutingPeerID[handle.routingPeerID] = handle
+        if let noisePublicKeyHex = handle.noisePublicKeyHex {
+            handlesByNoiseKey[noisePublicKeyHex] = handle
+        }
+        if let nostrPublicKey = handle.nostrPublicKey {
+            handlesByNostrKey[nostrPublicKey] = handle
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@MainActor
+final class ConversationStore: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var activeChannel: ChannelID = .mesh
+    @Published private(set) var selectedPrivatePeerID: PeerID?
+    @Published private(set) var selectedConversationID: ConversationID = .mesh
+    @Published private(set) var unreadConversations: Set<ConversationID> = []
+    @Published private(set) var messagesByConversation: [ConversationID: [BitchatMessage]] = [:]
+
+    private var directHandlesByConversation: [ConversationID: PeerHandle] = [:]
+
+    func setActiveChannel(_ channelID: ChannelID) {
+        activeChannel = channelID
+        if selectedPrivatePeerID == nil {
+            selectedConversationID = ConversationID(channelID: channelID)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func setSelectedPeerID(
+        _ peerID: PeerID?,
+        activeChannel: ChannelID,
+        identityResolver: IdentityResolver
+    ) {
+        self.activeChannel = activeChannel
+        selectedPrivatePeerID = peerID
+
+        if let peerID {
+            selectedConversationID = directConversationID(
+                for: peerID,
+                identityResolver: identityResolver
+            )
+        } else {
+            selectedConversationID = ConversationID(channelID: activeChannel)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func replaceMessages(_ messages: [BitchatMessage], for conversationID: ConversationID) {
+        messagesByConversation[conversationID] = normalized(messages)
+    }
+
+    func replaceMessages(_ messages: [BitchatMessage], for channelID: ChannelID) {
+        replaceMessages(messages, for: ConversationID(channelID: channelID))
+    }
+
+    func synchronizePublicConversation(_ messages: [BitchatMessage], activeChannel: ChannelID) {
+        setActiveChannel(activeChannel)
+        replaceMessages(messages, for: activeChannel)
+    }
+
+    func messages(for conversationID: ConversationID) -> [BitchatMessage] {
+        messagesByConversation[conversationID] ?? []
+    }
+
+    func directMessages(
+        for peerID: PeerID,
+        identityResolver: IdentityResolver
+    ) -> [BitchatMessage] {
+        messages(for: directConversationID(for: peerID, identityResolver: identityResolver))
+    }
+
+    func directMessagesByPeerID() -> [PeerID: [BitchatMessage]] {
+        var messagesByPeerID: [PeerID: [BitchatMessage]] = [:]
+
+        for (conversationID, handle) in directHandlesByConversation {
+            messagesByPeerID[handle.routingPeerID] = messages(for: conversationID)
+        }
+
+        return messagesByPeerID
+    }
+
+    func unreadDirectPeerIDs() -> Set<PeerID> {
+        unreadConversations.reduce(into: Set<PeerID>()) { result, conversationID in
+            guard case .direct(let handle) = conversationID else { return }
+            result.insert(directHandlesByConversation[conversationID]?.routingPeerID ?? handle.routingPeerID)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func synchronizeSelection(
+        activeChannel: ChannelID,
+        selectedPeerID: PeerID?,
+        identityResolver: IdentityResolver
+    ) {
+        setSelectedPeerID(
+            selectedPeerID,
+            activeChannel: activeChannel,
+            identityResolver: identityResolver
+        )
+    }
+
+    func synchronizePrivateChats(
+        _ privateChats: [PeerID: [BitchatMessage]],
+        unreadPeerIDs: Set<PeerID>,
+        identityResolver: IdentityResolver
+    ) {
+        var liveConversations = Set<ConversationID>()
+
+        for (peerID, messages) in privateChats {
+            let handle = identityResolver.canonicalHandle(for: peerID, displayName: messages.last?.sender)
+            let conversationID = ConversationID.direct(handle)
+            liveConversations.insert(conversationID)
+            directHandlesByConversation[conversationID] = handle
+            messagesByConversation[conversationID] = normalized(messages)
+        }
+
+        let staleDirectConversations = messagesByConversation.keys.filter { conversationID in
+            guard case .direct = conversationID else { return false }
+            return !liveConversations.contains(conversationID)
+        }
+
+        for conversationID in staleDirectConversations {
+            messagesByConversation.removeValue(forKey: conversationID)
+            unreadConversations.remove(conversationID)
+            directHandlesByConversation.removeValue(forKey: conversationID)
+        }
+
+        let publicUnread = unreadConversations.filter { conversationID in
+            switch conversationID {
+            case .mesh, .geohash:
+                return true
+            case .direct:
+                return false
+            }
+        }
+
+        unreadConversations = unreadPeerIDs.reduce(into: publicUnread) { result, peerID in
+            let handle = identityResolver.canonicalHandle(for: peerID)
+            result.insert(.direct(handle))
+        }
+    }
+
+    func markRead(_ conversationID: ConversationID) {
+        unreadConversations.remove(conversationID)
+    }
+
+    func markRead(
+        peerID: PeerID,
+        identityResolver: IdentityResolver
+    ) {
+        markRead(directConversationID(for: peerID, identityResolver: identityResolver))
+    }
+
+    private func normalized(_ messages: [BitchatMessage]) -> [BitchatMessage] {
+        var uniqueMessages: [String: BitchatMessage] = [:]
+
+        for message in messages {
+            uniqueMessages[message.id] = message
+        }
+
+        return uniqueMessages.values.sorted { lhs, rhs in
+            if lhs.timestamp != rhs.timestamp {
+                return lhs.timestamp < rhs.timestamp
+            }
+            return lhs.id < rhs.id
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func directConversationID(
+        for peerID: PeerID,
+        identityResolver: IdentityResolver
+    ) -> ConversationID {
+        let handle = identityResolver.canonicalHandle(for: peerID)
+        let conversationID = ConversationID.direct(handle)
+        directHandlesByConversation[conversationID] = handle
+        return conversationID
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/AppChromeModel.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import CoreBluetooth
+import Foundation
+
+@MainActor
+final class AppChromeModel: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var hasUnreadPrivateMessages = false
+    @Published var nickname: String
+    @Published var showingFingerprintFor: PeerID?
+    @Published var isAppInfoPresented = false
+    @Published var isLocationChannelsSheetPresented = false
+    @Published var showBluetoothAlert = false
+    @Published var bluetoothAlertMessage = ""
+    @Published var bluetoothState: CBManagerState = .unknown
+    @Published var showScreenshotPrivacyWarning = false
+
+    private let chatViewModel: ChatViewModel
+    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+
+    init(chatViewModel: ChatViewModel, privateInboxModel: PrivateInboxModel) {
+        self.chatViewModel = chatViewModel
+        self.nickname = chatViewModel.nickname
+
+        bind(privateInboxModel: privateInboxModel)
+    }
+
+    var shouldSuppressScreenshotNotification: Bool {
+        isLocationChannelsSheetPresented || isAppInfoPresented
+    }
+
+    func setNickname(_ nickname: String) {
+        self.nickname = nickname
+        if chatViewModel.nickname != nickname {
+            chatViewModel.nickname = nickname
+        }
+    }
+
+    func validateAndSaveNickname() {
+        chatViewModel.validateAndSaveNickname()
+        if nickname != chatViewModel.nickname {
+            nickname = chatViewModel.nickname
+        }
+    }
+
+    func openMostRelevantPrivateChat() {
+        chatViewModel.openMostRelevantPrivateChat()
+    }
+
+    func showFingerprint(for peerID: PeerID) {
+        showingFingerprintFor = peerID
+    }
+
+    func clearFingerprint() {
+        showingFingerprintFor = nil
+    }
+
+    func presentAppInfo() {
+        isAppInfoPresented = true
+    }
+
+    func triggerScreenshotPrivacyWarning() {
+        showScreenshotPrivacyWarning = true
+    }
+
+    func panicClearAllData() {
+        chatViewModel.panicClearAllData()
+    }
+
+    private func bind(privateInboxModel: PrivateInboxModel) {
+        privateInboxModel.$unreadPeerIDs
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] unreadPeerIDs in
+                self?.hasUnreadPrivateMessages = !unreadPeerIDs.isEmpty
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        chatViewModel.$nickname
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] nickname in
+                guard let self, self.nickname != nickname else { return }
+                self.nickname = nickname
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        chatViewModel.$showBluetoothAlert
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$showBluetoothAlert)
+
+        chatViewModel.$bluetoothAlertMessage
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$bluetoothAlertMessage)
+
+        chatViewModel.$bluetoothState
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$bluetoothState)
+
+        hasUnreadPrivateMessages = !privateInboxModel.unreadPeerIDs.isEmpty
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/AppRuntime.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import Foundation
+import SwiftUI
+import Tor
+import UserNotifications
+#if os(iOS)
+import UIKit
+#elseif os(macOS)
+import AppKit
+#endif
+
+@MainActor
+final class AppRuntime: ObservableObject {
+    let chatViewModel: ChatViewModel
+    let events = AppEventStream()
+    let conversationStore: ConversationStore
+    let peerIdentityStore: PeerIdentityStore
+    let locationPresenceStore: LocationPresenceStore
+    let publicChatModel: PublicChatModel
+    let privateInboxModel: PrivateInboxModel
+    let privateConversationModel: PrivateConversationModel
+    let verificationModel: VerificationModel
+    let conversationUIModel: ConversationUIModel
+    let locationChannelsModel: LocationChannelsModel
+    let peerListModel: PeerListModel
+    let appChromeModel: AppChromeModel
+
+    private let idBridge: NostrIdentityBridge
+    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+    private var started = false
+    private var lastNostrRelayConnectedState = false
+    private var didHandleInitialNostrConnection = false
+
+    #if os(iOS)
+    private var didHandleInitialActive = false
+    private var didEnterBackground = false
+    #endif
+
+    init(
+        keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol = KeychainManager(),
+        idBridge: NostrIdentityBridge = NostrIdentityBridge()
+    ) {
+        self.idBridge = idBridge
+        let identityResolver = IdentityResolver()
+        let conversationStore = ConversationStore()
+        let peerIdentityStore = PeerIdentityStore()
+        let locationPresenceStore = LocationPresenceStore()
+        let locationManager = LocationChannelManager.shared
+        self.conversationStore = conversationStore
+        self.peerIdentityStore = peerIdentityStore
+        self.locationPresenceStore = locationPresenceStore
+        self.chatViewModel = ChatViewModel(
+            keychain: keychain,
+            idBridge: idBridge,
+            identityManager: SecureIdentityStateManager(keychain),
+            conversationStore: conversationStore,
+            identityResolver: identityResolver,
+            peerIdentityStore: peerIdentityStore,
+            locationPresenceStore: locationPresenceStore,
+            locationManager: locationManager
+        )
+        self.publicChatModel = PublicChatModel(conversationStore: conversationStore)
+        self.privateInboxModel = PrivateInboxModel(conversationStore: conversationStore)
+        self.locationChannelsModel = LocationChannelsModel(manager: locationManager)
+        self.privateConversationModel = PrivateConversationModel(
+            chatViewModel: self.chatViewModel,
+            conversationStore: conversationStore,
+            locationChannelsModel: self.locationChannelsModel,
+            peerIdentityStore: peerIdentityStore
+        )
+        self.verificationModel = VerificationModel(
+            chatViewModel: self.chatViewModel,
+            privateConversationModel: self.privateConversationModel,
+            peerIdentityStore: peerIdentityStore
+        )
+        self.conversationUIModel = ConversationUIModel(
+            chatViewModel: self.chatViewModel,
+            privateConversationModel: self.privateConversationModel,
+            conversationStore: conversationStore
+        )
+        self.peerListModel = PeerListModel(
+            chatViewModel: self.chatViewModel,
+            conversationStore: conversationStore,
+            locationChannelsModel: self.locationChannelsModel,
+            peerIdentityStore: peerIdentityStore,
+            locationPresenceStore: locationPresenceStore
+        )
+        self.appChromeModel = AppChromeModel(
+            chatViewModel: self.chatViewModel,
+            privateInboxModel: self.privateInboxModel
+        )
+
+        GeoRelayDirectory.shared.prefetchIfNeeded()
+        bindRuntimeObservers()
+        NotificationDelegate.shared.runtime = self
+    }
+
+    func start() {
+        guard !started else {
+            checkForSharedContent()
+            return
+        }
+
+        started = true
+        NotificationDelegate.shared.runtime = self
+        VerificationService.shared.configure(with: chatViewModel.meshService.getNoiseService())
+        announceInitialTorStatusIfNeeded()
+
+        Task(priority: .utility) { [weak self] in
+            guard let self else { return }
+            let nickname = await MainActor.run { self.chatViewModel.nickname }
+            let npub = await MainActor.run {
+                try? self.idBridge.getCurrentNostrIdentity()?.npub
+            }
+            await MainActor.run {
+                _ = VerificationService.shared.buildMyQRString(nickname: nickname, npub: npub)
+            }
+        }
+
+        NetworkActivationService.shared.start()
+        GeohashPresenceService.shared.start()
+        checkForSharedContent()
+
+        record(.launched)
+        record(.startupCompleted)
+    }
+
+    func handleOpenURL(_ url: URL) {
+        record(.openedURL(url.absoluteString))
+
+        if url.scheme == "bitchat", url.host == "share" {
+            checkForSharedContent()
+        }
+    }
+
+    func handleDidBecomeActiveNotification() {
+        chatViewModel.handleDidBecomeActive()
+        checkForSharedContent()
+    }
+
+    #if os(macOS)
+    func handleMacDidBecomeActiveNotification() {
+        record(.scenePhaseChanged(.active))
+        chatViewModel.handleDidBecomeActive()
+        checkForSharedContent()
+    }
+    #endif
+
+    #if os(iOS)
+    func handleScenePhaseChange(_ newPhase: ScenePhase) {
+        switch newPhase {
+        case .background:
+            record(.scenePhaseChanged(.background))
+            TorManager.shared.setAppForeground(false)
+            TorManager.shared.goDormantOnBackground()
+            chatViewModel.endGeohashSampling()
+            NostrRelayManager.shared.disconnect()
+            didEnterBackground = true
+
+        case .active:
+            record(.scenePhaseChanged(.active))
+            chatViewModel.meshService.startServices()
+            TorManager.shared.setAppForeground(true)
+            let shouldRefreshNostrConnections = didHandleInitialActive && didEnterBackground
+
+            if didHandleInitialActive && didEnterBackground {
+                if TorManager.shared.isAutoStartAllowed() && !TorManager.shared.isReady {
+                    TorManager.shared.ensureRunningOnForeground()
+                }
+            } else {
+                didHandleInitialActive = true
+            }
+
+            didEnterBackground = false
+
+            if shouldRefreshNostrConnections && TorManager.shared.isAutoStartAllowed() {
+                Task.detached {
+                    let _ = await TorManager.shared.awaitReady(timeout: 60)
+                    await MainActor.run {
+                        TorURLSession.shared.rebuild()
+                        NostrRelayManager.shared.resetAllConnections()
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            chatViewModel.handleDidBecomeActive()
+            checkForSharedContent()
+
+        case .inactive:
+            record(.scenePhaseChanged(.inactive))
+
+        @unknown default:
+            break
+        }
+    }
+    #endif
+
+    func applicationWillTerminate() {
+        record(.terminationRequested)
+        chatViewModel.applicationWillTerminate()
+    }
+
+    func handleNotificationResponse(identifier: String, userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) {
+        if identifier.hasPrefix("private-"), let peerID = PeerID(str: userInfo["peerID"] as? String) {
+            record(.notificationOpened(peerID: peerID))
+            chatViewModel.startPrivateChat(with: peerID)
+        }
+
+        if let deepLink = userInfo["deeplink"] as? String, let url = URL(string: deepLink) {
+            record(.deepLinkOpened(deepLink))
+            openExternalURL(url)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func presentationOptions(
+        forNotificationIdentifier identifier: String,
+        userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]
+    ) async -> UNNotificationPresentationOptions {
+        if identifier.hasPrefix("private-"), let peerID = PeerID(str: userInfo["peerID"] as? String) {
+            if conversationStore.selectedPrivatePeerID == peerID {
+                return []
+            }
+            return [.banner, .sound]
+        }
+
+        if identifier.hasPrefix("geo-activity-"),
+           let deepLink = userInfo["deeplink"] as? String,
+           let geohash = deepLink.components(separatedBy: "/").last,
+           case .location(let channel) = locationChannelsModel.selectedChannel,
+           channel.geohash == geohash {
+            return []
+        }
+
+        return [.banner, .sound]
+    }
+}
+
+private extension AppRuntime {
+    func bindRuntimeObservers() {
+        NostrRelayManager.shared.$isConnected
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] isConnected in
+                self?.handleNostrRelayConnectionChanged(isConnected)
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: .TorWillRestart)
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.record(.torLifecycleChanged(.willRestart))
+                self?.chatViewModel.handleTorWillRestart()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: .TorDidBecomeReady)
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.record(.torLifecycleChanged(.didBecomeReady))
+                self?.chatViewModel.handleTorDidBecomeReady()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: .TorWillStart)
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.record(.torLifecycleChanged(.willStart))
+                self?.chatViewModel.handleTorWillStart()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: .TorUserPreferenceChanged)
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] notification in
+                self?.record(.torLifecycleChanged(.preferenceChanged))
+                self?.chatViewModel.handleTorPreferenceChanged(notification)
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        #if os(iOS)
+        NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: UIApplication.userDidTakeScreenshotNotification)
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.handleScreenshotCaptured()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    func checkForSharedContent() {
+        guard let userDefaults = UserDefaults(suiteName: BitchatApp.groupID),
+              let sharedContent = userDefaults.string(forKey: "sharedContent"),
+              let sharedDate = userDefaults.object(forKey: "sharedContentDate") as? Date else {
+            return
+        }
+
+        guard Date().timeIntervalSince(sharedDate) < TransportConfig.uiShareAcceptWindowSeconds else {
+            return
+        }
+
+        let contentKind = SharedContentKind(rawValue: userDefaults.string(forKey: "sharedContentType") ?? "") ?? .text
+
+        userDefaults.removeObject(forKey: "sharedContent")
+        userDefaults.removeObject(forKey: "sharedContentType")
+        userDefaults.removeObject(forKey: "sharedContentDate")
+
+        switch contentKind {
+        case .url:
+            if let data = sharedContent.data(using: .utf8),
+               let urlData = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data) as? [String: String],
+               let url = urlData["url"] {
+                chatViewModel.sendMessage(url)
+            } else {
+                chatViewModel.sendMessage(sharedContent)
+            }
+        case .text:
+            chatViewModel.sendMessage(sharedContent)
+        }
+
+        record(.sharedContentAccepted(contentKind))
+    }
+
+    func handleNostrRelayConnectionChanged(_ isConnected: Bool) {
+        record(.nostrRelayConnectionChanged(isConnected))
+
+        let becameConnected = isConnected && !lastNostrRelayConnectedState
+        lastNostrRelayConnectedState = isConnected
+
+        guard started, becameConnected else { return }
+
+        let isInitialConnection = !didHandleInitialNostrConnection
+        didHandleInitialNostrConnection = true
+
+        if !chatViewModel.nostrHandlersSetup {
+            chatViewModel.setupNostrMessageHandling()
+            chatViewModel.nostrHandlersSetup = true
+        }
+
+        guard !isInitialConnection else { return }
+
+        chatViewModel.resubscribeCurrentGeohash()
+        chatViewModel.geoChannelCoordinator?.refreshSampling()
+    }
+
+    func announceInitialTorStatusIfNeeded() {
+        if TorManager.shared.torEnforced &&
+            !chatViewModel.torStatusAnnounced &&
+            TorManager.shared.isAutoStartAllowed() {
+            chatViewModel.torStatusAnnounced = true
+            chatViewModel.addGeohashOnlySystemMessage(
+                String(localized: "system.tor.starting", comment: "System message when Tor is starting")
+            )
+        } else if !TorManager.shared.torEnforced && !chatViewModel.torStatusAnnounced {
+            chatViewModel.torStatusAnnounced = true
+            chatViewModel.addGeohashOnlySystemMessage(
+                String(localized: "system.tor.dev_bypass", comment: "System message when Tor bypass is enabled in development")
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    func handleScreenshotCaptured() {
+        if appChromeModel.isLocationChannelsSheetPresented {
+            appChromeModel.triggerScreenshotPrivacyWarning()
+            return
+        }
+
+        if appChromeModel.isAppInfoPresented {
+            return
+        }
+
+        chatViewModel.handleScreenshotCaptured()
+    }
+
+    func openExternalURL(_ url: URL) {
+        #if os(iOS)
+        UIApplication.shared.open(url)
+        #else
+        NSWorkspace.shared.open(url)
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    func record(_ event: AppEvent) {
+        Task {
+            await events.emit(event)
+        }
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/ConversationUIModel.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import SwiftUI
+#if os(iOS)
+import UIKit
+#endif
+
+@MainActor
+final class ConversationUIModel: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var showAutocomplete = false
+    @Published private(set) var autocompleteSuggestions: [String] = []
+    @Published private(set) var currentNickname: String
+    @Published private(set) var isBatchingPublic = false
+    @Published private(set) var canSendMediaInCurrentContext = true
+
+    private let chatViewModel: ChatViewModel
+    private let privateConversationModel: PrivateConversationModel
+    private let conversationStore: ConversationStore
+    private var activeChannel: ChannelID
+    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+
+    init(
+        chatViewModel: ChatViewModel,
+        privateConversationModel: PrivateConversationModel,
+        conversationStore: ConversationStore
+    ) {
+        self.chatViewModel = chatViewModel
+        self.privateConversationModel = privateConversationModel
+        self.conversationStore = conversationStore
+        self.activeChannel = conversationStore.activeChannel
+        self.currentNickname = chatViewModel.nickname
+        self.isBatchingPublic = chatViewModel.isBatchingPublic
+        self.showAutocomplete = chatViewModel.showAutocomplete
+        self.autocompleteSuggestions = chatViewModel.autocompleteSuggestions
+        self.canSendMediaInCurrentContext = chatViewModel.canSendMediaInCurrentContext
+
+        bind()
+    }
+
+    func setCurrentColorScheme(_ colorScheme: ColorScheme) {
+        chatViewModel.currentColorScheme = colorScheme
+    }
+
+    func sendMessage(_ message: String) {
+        chatViewModel.sendMessage(message)
+    }
+
+    func clearCurrentConversation() {
+        chatViewModel.sendMessage("/clear")
+    }
+
+    func sendHug(to sender: String) {
+        chatViewModel.sendMessage("/hug @\(sender)")
+    }
+
+    func sendSlap(to sender: String) {
+        chatViewModel.sendMessage("/slap @\(sender)")
+    }
+
+    func block(peerID: PeerID?, displayName: String?) {
+        guard let displayName else { return }
+
+        if let peerID, peerID.isGeoChat,
+           let full = chatViewModel.fullNostrHex(forSenderPeerID: peerID) {
+            chatViewModel.blockGeohashUser(pubkeyHexLowercased: full, displayName: displayName)
+        } else {
+            chatViewModel.sendMessage("/block \(displayName)")
+        }
+    }
+
+    func updateAutocomplete(for text: String, cursorPosition: Int) {
+        chatViewModel.updateAutocomplete(for: text, cursorPosition: cursorPosition)
+    }
+
+    func completeNickname(_ nickname: String, in text: inout String) -> Int {
+        chatViewModel.completeNickname(nickname, in: &text)
+    }
+
+    func formatMessage(_ message: BitchatMessage, colorScheme: ColorScheme) -> AttributedString {
+        chatViewModel.formatMessageAsText(message, colorScheme: colorScheme)
+    }
+
+    func formatMessageHeader(_ message: BitchatMessage, colorScheme: ColorScheme) -> AttributedString {
+        chatViewModel.formatMessageHeader(message, colorScheme: colorScheme)
+    }
+
+    func mediaAttachment(for message: BitchatMessage) -> BitchatMessage.Media? {
+        message.mediaAttachment(for: currentNickname)
+    }
+
+    func isSelfSender(peerID: PeerID?, displayName: String?) -> Bool {
+        chatViewModel.isSelfSender(peerID: peerID, displayName: displayName)
+    }
+
+    func isSentByCurrentUser(_ message: BitchatMessage) -> Bool {
+        message.sender == currentNickname || message.sender.hasPrefix(currentNickname + "#")
+    }
+
+    func isMediaMessageFromCurrentUser(_ message: BitchatMessage) -> Bool {
+        message.sender == currentNickname || message.senderPeerID == chatViewModel.meshService.myPeerID
+    }
+
+    func senderDisplayName(for peerID: PeerID, fallbackMessages: [BitchatMessage]) -> String? {
+        if peerID.isGeoDM || peerID.isGeoChat {
+            return chatViewModel.geohashDisplayName(for: peerID)
+        }
+        if let nickname = chatViewModel.meshService.peerNickname(peerID: peerID) {
+            return nickname
+        }
+        return fallbackMessages.last(where: { $0.senderPeerID == peerID && $0.sender != "system" })?.sender
+    }
+
+    #if os(iOS)
+    func processSelectedImage(_ image: UIImage?) {
+        chatViewModel.processThenSendImage(image)
+    }
+    #endif
+
+    func processSelectedImage(from url: URL?) {
+        #if os(macOS)
+        chatViewModel.processThenSendImage(from: url)
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    func sendVoiceNote(at url: URL) {
+        chatViewModel.sendVoiceNote(at: url)
+    }
+
+    func cancelMediaSend(messageID: String) {
+        chatViewModel.cancelMediaSend(messageID: messageID)
+    }
+
+    func deleteMediaMessage(messageID: String) {
+        chatViewModel.deleteMediaMessage(messageID: messageID)
+    }
+
+    private func bind() {
+        chatViewModel.$nickname
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$currentNickname)
+
+        chatViewModel.$showAutocomplete
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$showAutocomplete)
+
+        chatViewModel.$autocompleteSuggestions
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$autocompleteSuggestions)
+
+        chatViewModel.$isBatchingPublic
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$isBatchingPublic)
+
+        conversationStore.$activeChannel
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] channel in
+                self?.activeChannel = channel
+                self?.refreshComputedState()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        privateConversationModel.$selectedPeerID
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refreshComputedState()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+    }
+
+    private func refreshComputedState() {
+        if let selectedPeerID = privateConversationModel.selectedPeerID {
+            canSendMediaInCurrentContext = !(selectedPeerID.isGeoDM || selectedPeerID.isGeoChat)
+            return
+        }
+
+        switch activeChannel {
+        case .mesh:
+            canSendMediaInCurrentContext = true
+        case .location:
+            canSendMediaInCurrentContext = false
+        }
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/LocationChannelsModel.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import Foundation
+
+@MainActor
+final class LocationChannelsModel: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var permissionState: LocationChannelManager.PermissionState
+    @Published private(set) var availableChannels: [GeohashChannel]
+    @Published private(set) var selectedChannel: ChannelID
+    @Published private(set) var teleported: Bool
+    @Published private(set) var bookmarks: [String]
+    @Published private(set) var bookmarkNames: [String: String]
+    @Published private(set) var locationNames: [GeohashChannelLevel: String]
+    @Published private(set) var userTorEnabled: Bool
+
+    private let manager: LocationChannelManager
+    private let network: NetworkActivationService
+    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+
+    init(
+        manager: LocationChannelManager? = nil,
+        network: NetworkActivationService? = nil
+    ) {
+        let manager = manager ?? .shared
+        let network = network ?? .shared
+
+        self.manager = manager
+        self.network = network
+        self.permissionState = manager.permissionState
+        self.availableChannels = manager.availableChannels
+        self.selectedChannel = manager.selectedChannel
+        self.teleported = manager.teleported
+        self.bookmarks = manager.bookmarks
+        self.bookmarkNames = manager.bookmarkNames
+        self.locationNames = manager.locationNames
+        self.userTorEnabled = network.userTorEnabled
+
+        bind()
+    }
+
+    var currentBuildingGeohash: String? {
+        availableChannels.first(where: { $0.level == .building })?.geohash
+    }
+
+    func isSelected(_ channel: GeohashChannel) -> Bool {
+        guard case .location(let selected) = selectedChannel else { return false }
+        return selected == channel
+    }
+
+    func isBookmarked(_ geohash: String) -> Bool {
+        manager.isBookmarked(geohash)
+    }
+
+    func enableLocationChannels() {
+        manager.enableLocationChannels()
+    }
+
+    func refreshChannels() {
+        manager.refreshChannels()
+    }
+
+    func enableAndRefresh() {
+        manager.enableLocationChannels()
+        manager.refreshChannels()
+    }
+
+    func beginLiveRefresh() {
+        manager.beginLiveRefresh()
+    }
+
+    func endLiveRefresh() {
+        manager.endLiveRefresh()
+    }
+
+    func select(_ channel: ChannelID) {
+        manager.select(channel)
+    }
+
+    func markTeleported(for geohash: String, _ flag: Bool) {
+        manager.markTeleported(for: geohash, flag)
+    }
+
+    func toggleBookmark(_ geohash: String) {
+        manager.toggleBookmark(geohash)
+    }
+
+    func resolveBookmarkNameIfNeeded(for geohash: String) {
+        manager.resolveBookmarkNameIfNeeded(for: geohash)
+    }
+
+    func locationName(for level: GeohashChannelLevel) -> String? {
+        locationNames[level]
+    }
+
+    func setUserTorEnabled(_ enabled: Bool) {
+        network.setUserTorEnabled(enabled)
+    }
+
+    func refreshMeshChannelsIfNeeded() {
+        guard case .mesh = selectedChannel,
+              permissionState == .authorized,
+              availableChannels.isEmpty else {
+            return
+        }
+        refreshChannels()
+    }
+
+    func openLocationChannel(for geohash: String) {
+        let normalized = geohash.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).lowercased()
+        let allowed = Set("0123456789bcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz")
+        guard (2...12).contains(normalized.count),
+              normalized.allSatisfy({ allowed.contains($0) }) else {
+            return
+        }
+
+        let channel = GeohashChannel(level: level(forLength: normalized.count), geohash: normalized)
+        let isRegional = availableChannels.contains { $0.geohash == normalized }
+        if !isRegional && !availableChannels.isEmpty {
+            markTeleported(for: normalized, true)
+        }
+        select(.location(channel))
+    }
+
+    func teleport(to geohash: String) {
+        let normalized = geohash.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).lowercased()
+        let channel = GeohashChannel(level: level(forLength: normalized.count), geohash: normalized)
+        markTeleported(for: normalized, true)
+        select(.location(channel))
+    }
+
+    private func bind() {
+        manager.$permissionState
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$permissionState)
+
+        manager.$availableChannels
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$availableChannels)
+
+        manager.$selectedChannel
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$selectedChannel)
+
+        manager.$teleported
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$teleported)
+
+        manager.$bookmarks
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$bookmarks)
+
+        manager.$bookmarkNames
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$bookmarkNames)
+
+        manager.$locationNames
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$locationNames)
+
+        network.$userTorEnabled
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$userTorEnabled)
+    }
+
+    private func level(forLength length: Int) -> GeohashChannelLevel {
+        switch length {
+        case 0...2: return .region
+        case 3...4: return .province
+        case 5: return .city
+        case 6: return .neighborhood
+        case 7: return .block
+        case 8...12: return .building
+        default: return .block
+        }
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/LocationPresenceStore.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import Combine
+import Foundation
+
+@MainActor
+final class LocationPresenceStore: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var currentGeohash: String?
+    @Published private(set) var geoNicknames: [String: String] = [:]
+    @Published private(set) var teleportedGeo: Set<String> = []
+
+    func setCurrentGeohash(_ geohash: String?) {
+        currentGeohash = geohash?.lowercased()
+    }
+
+    func setNickname(_ nickname: String, for pubkeyHex: String) {
+        geoNicknames[pubkeyHex.lowercased()] = nickname
+    }
+
+    func replaceGeoNicknames(_ nicknames: [String: String]) {
+        geoNicknames = Dictionary(
+            uniqueKeysWithValues: nicknames.map { key, value in
+                (key.lowercased(), value)
+            }
+        )
+    }
+
+    func clearGeoNicknames() {
+        geoNicknames.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    func markTeleported(_ pubkeyHex: String) {
+        teleportedGeo.insert(pubkeyHex.lowercased())
+    }
+
+    func clearTeleported(_ pubkeyHex: String) {
+        teleportedGeo.remove(pubkeyHex.lowercased())
+    }
+
+    func replaceTeleportedGeo(_ pubkeys: Set<String>) {
+        teleportedGeo = Set(pubkeys.map { $0.lowercased() })
+    }
+
+    func clearTeleportedGeo() {
+        teleportedGeo.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    func reset() {
+        currentGeohash = nil
+        geoNicknames.removeAll()
+        teleportedGeo.removeAll()
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/PeerIdentityStore.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import Foundation
+
+@MainActor
+final class PeerIdentityStore: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var encryptionStatuses: [PeerID: EncryptionStatus] = [:]
+    @Published private(set) var verifiedFingerprints: Set<String> = []
+
+    private(set) var peerFingerprintsByPeerID: [PeerID: String] = [:]
+    private(set) var selectedPrivateChatFingerprint: String?
+
+    private var stablePeerIDsByShortID: [PeerID: PeerID] = [:]
+    private var encryptionStatusCache: [PeerID: EncryptionStatus] = [:]
+
+    func stablePeerID(forShortID peerID: PeerID) -> PeerID? {
+        stablePeerIDsByShortID[peerID]
+    }
+
+    func shortPeerID(forStablePeerID stablePeerID: PeerID) -> PeerID? {
+        stablePeerIDsByShortID.first(where: { $0.value == stablePeerID })?.key
+    }
+
+    func setStablePeerID(_ stablePeerID: PeerID, forShortID peerID: PeerID) {
+        stablePeerIDsByShortID[peerID] = stablePeerID
+    }
+
+    func replaceStablePeerIDs(_ mappings: [PeerID: PeerID]) {
+        stablePeerIDsByShortID = mappings
+    }
+
+    func fingerprint(for peerID: PeerID) -> String? {
+        peerFingerprintsByPeerID[peerID]
+    }
+
+    func setFingerprint(_ fingerprint: String?, for peerID: PeerID) {
+        if let fingerprint {
+            peerFingerprintsByPeerID[peerID] = fingerprint
+        } else {
+            peerFingerprintsByPeerID.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func replaceFingerprintMappings(_ mappings: [PeerID: String]) {
+        peerFingerprintsByPeerID = mappings
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    func migrateFingerprintMapping(
+        from oldPeerID: PeerID,
+        to newPeerID: PeerID,
+        fallback: String? = nil
+    ) -> String? {
+        let fingerprint = peerFingerprintsByPeerID.removeValue(forKey: oldPeerID) ?? fallback
+        if let fingerprint {
+            peerFingerprintsByPeerID[newPeerID] = fingerprint
+            if selectedPrivateChatFingerprint == nil {
+                selectedPrivateChatFingerprint = fingerprint
+            }
+        }
+        return fingerprint
+    }
+
+    func setSelectedPrivateChatFingerprint(_ fingerprint: String?) {
+        selectedPrivateChatFingerprint = fingerprint
+    }
+
+    func cachedEncryptionStatus(for peerID: PeerID) -> EncryptionStatus? {
+        encryptionStatusCache[peerID]
+    }
+
+    func setCachedEncryptionStatus(_ status: EncryptionStatus, for peerID: PeerID) {
+        encryptionStatusCache[peerID] = status
+    }
+
+    func invalidateEncryptionCache(for peerID: PeerID? = nil) {
+        if let peerID {
+            encryptionStatusCache.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
+        } else {
+            encryptionStatusCache.removeAll()
+        }
+    }
+
+    func encryptionStatus(for peerID: PeerID) -> EncryptionStatus? {
+        encryptionStatuses[peerID]
+    }
+
+    func setEncryptionStatus(_ status: EncryptionStatus?, for peerID: PeerID) {
+        if let status {
+            encryptionStatuses[peerID] = status
+        } else {
+            encryptionStatuses.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
+        }
+        invalidateEncryptionCache(for: peerID)
+    }
+
+    func replaceEncryptionStatuses(_ statuses: [PeerID: EncryptionStatus]) {
+        encryptionStatuses = statuses
+    }
+
+    func setVerifiedFingerprints(_ fingerprints: Set<String>) {
+        verifiedFingerprints = fingerprints
+    }
+
+    func setVerified(_ fingerprint: String, verified: Bool) {
+        if verified {
+            verifiedFingerprints.insert(fingerprint)
+        } else {
+            verifiedFingerprints.remove(fingerprint)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func isVerified(_ fingerprint: String) -> Bool {
+        verifiedFingerprints.contains(fingerprint)
+    }
+
+    func clearAll() {
+        encryptionStatuses.removeAll()
+        verifiedFingerprints.removeAll()
+        peerFingerprintsByPeerID.removeAll()
+        selectedPrivateChatFingerprint = nil
+        stablePeerIDsByShortID.removeAll()
+        encryptionStatusCache.removeAll()
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/PeerListModel.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import SwiftUI
+
+struct MeshPeerRow: Identifiable, Equatable {
+    let peerID: PeerID
+    let displayName: String
+    let isMe: Bool
+    let hasUnread: Bool
+    let isBlocked: Bool
+    let isFavorite: Bool
+    let isConnected: Bool
+    let isReachable: Bool
+    let isMutualFavorite: Bool
+    let encryptionStatus: EncryptionStatus
+    let showsVerifiedBadgeWhenOffline: Bool
+
+    var id: String { peerID.id }
+}
+
+struct GeohashPersonRow: Identifiable, Equatable {
+    let id: String
+    let displayName: String
+    let isMe: Bool
+    let isTeleported: Bool
+    let isBlocked: Bool
+}
+
+@MainActor
+final class PeerListModel: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var allPeers: [BitchatPeer] = []
+    @Published private(set) var meshRows: [MeshPeerRow] = []
+    @Published private(set) var geohashPeople: [GeohashPersonRow] = []
+    @Published private(set) var reachableMeshPeerCount = 0
+    @Published private(set) var connectedMeshPeerCount = 0
+    @Published private(set) var visibleGeohashPeerCount = 0
+    @Published private(set) var renderID = ""
+
+    private let chatViewModel: ChatViewModel
+    private let conversationStore: ConversationStore
+    private let locationChannelsModel: LocationChannelsModel
+    private let peerIdentityStore: PeerIdentityStore
+    private let locationPresenceStore: LocationPresenceStore
+    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+
+    init(
+        chatViewModel: ChatViewModel,
+        conversationStore: ConversationStore,
+        locationChannelsModel: LocationChannelsModel? = nil,
+        peerIdentityStore: PeerIdentityStore? = nil,
+        locationPresenceStore: LocationPresenceStore? = nil
+    ) {
+        self.chatViewModel = chatViewModel
+        self.conversationStore = conversationStore
+        self.locationChannelsModel = locationChannelsModel ?? LocationChannelsModel()
+        self.peerIdentityStore = peerIdentityStore ?? chatViewModel.peerIdentityStore
+        self.locationPresenceStore = locationPresenceStore ?? chatViewModel.locationPresenceStore
+        self.allPeers = chatViewModel.allPeers
+
+        bind()
+        refresh()
+    }
+
+    func colorForMeshPeer(id peerID: PeerID, isDark: Bool) -> Color {
+        chatViewModel.colorForMeshPeer(id: peerID, isDark: isDark)
+    }
+
+    func colorForGeohashPerson(id: String, isDark: Bool) -> Color {
+        chatViewModel.colorForNostrPubkey(id, isDark: isDark)
+    }
+
+    func participantCount(for geohash: String) -> Int {
+        chatViewModel.geohashParticipantCount(for: geohash)
+    }
+
+    func startConversation(with peerID: PeerID) {
+        chatViewModel.startPrivateChat(with: peerID)
+    }
+
+    func toggleFavorite(peerID: PeerID) {
+        chatViewModel.toggleFavorite(peerID: peerID)
+    }
+
+    func openGeohashDirectMessage(with pubkeyHex: String) {
+        chatViewModel.startGeohashDM(withPubkeyHex: pubkeyHex)
+    }
+
+    func blockGeohashUser(pubkeyHexLowercased: String, displayName: String) {
+        chatViewModel.blockGeohashUser(
+            pubkeyHexLowercased: pubkeyHexLowercased,
+            displayName: displayName
+        )
+    }
+
+    func unblockGeohashUser(pubkeyHexLowercased: String, displayName: String) {
+        chatViewModel.unblockGeohashUser(
+            pubkeyHexLowercased: pubkeyHexLowercased,
+            displayName: displayName
+        )
+    }
+
+    private func bind() {
+        chatViewModel.$allPeers
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] peers in
+                self?.allPeers = peers
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        chatViewModel.$nickname
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        locationPresenceStore.$teleportedGeo
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        conversationStore.$unreadConversations
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        peerIdentityStore.$encryptionStatuses
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        peerIdentityStore.$verifiedFingerprints
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: Notification.Name("peerStatusUpdated"))
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        chatViewModel.participantTracker.$visiblePeople
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        locationChannelsModel.$selectedChannel
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        locationChannelsModel.$teleported
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        locationChannelsModel.$availableChannels
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+    }
+
+    private func refresh() {
+        let myPeerID = chatViewModel.meshService.myPeerID
+        let meshRows = allPeers.map { peer in
+            let isMe = peer.peerID == myPeerID
+            let verifiedBadge: Bool
+            if !isMe && !peer.isConnected,
+               let fingerprint = chatViewModel.getFingerprint(for: peer.peerID) {
+                verifiedBadge = peerIdentityStore.isVerified(fingerprint)
+            } else {
+                verifiedBadge = false
+            }
+
+            return MeshPeerRow(
+                peerID: peer.peerID,
+                displayName: isMe ? chatViewModel.nickname : peer.nickname,
+                isMe: isMe,
+                hasUnread: chatViewModel.hasUnreadMessages(for: peer.peerID),
+                isBlocked: !isMe && chatViewModel.isPeerBlocked(peer.peerID),
+                isFavorite: peer.favoriteStatus?.isFavorite ?? false,
+                isConnected: peer.isConnected,
+                isReachable: peer.isReachable,
+                isMutualFavorite: peer.isMutualFavorite,
+                encryptionStatus: chatViewModel.getEncryptionStatus(for: peer.peerID),
+                showsVerifiedBadgeWhenOffline: verifiedBadge
+            )
+        }
+
+        let meshCounts = meshRows.reduce(into: (reachable: 0, connected: 0)) { counts, row in
+            guard !row.isMe else { return }
+            if row.isConnected {
+                counts.connected += 1
+                counts.reachable += 1
+            } else if row.isReachable {
+                counts.reachable += 1
+            }
+        }
+
+        let geohashPeople = buildGeohashPeople()
+
+        self.meshRows = meshRows
+        reachableMeshPeerCount = meshCounts.reachable
+        connectedMeshPeerCount = meshCounts.connected
+        self.geohashPeople = geohashPeople
+        visibleGeohashPeerCount = geohashPeople.count
+        renderID = (
+            meshRows.map {
+                "\($0.id)-\($0.isConnected)-\($0.isReachable)-\($0.hasUnread)-\($0.isFavorite)-\($0.isBlocked)"
+            } +
+            geohashPeople.map {
+                "geo:\($0.id)-\($0.isTeleported)-\($0.isBlocked)-\($0.displayName)"
+            }
+        ).joined(separator: "|")
+    }
+
+    private func buildGeohashPeople() -> [GeohashPersonRow] {
+        let myHex = currentGeohashIdentityHex()
+        let teleportedSet = Set(locationPresenceStore.teleportedGeo.map { $0.lowercased() })
+
+        return chatViewModel.visibleGeohashPeople().map { person in
+            let isMe = person.id == myHex
+            return GeohashPersonRow(
+                id: person.id,
+                displayName: person.displayName,
+                isMe: isMe,
+                isTeleported: teleportedSet.contains(person.id.lowercased()) || (isMe && locationChannelsModel.teleported),
+                isBlocked: !isMe && chatViewModel.isGeohashUserBlocked(pubkeyHexLowercased: person.id)
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func currentGeohashIdentityHex() -> String? {
+        guard case .location(let channel) = locationChannelsModel.selectedChannel,
+              let identity = try? chatViewModel.idBridge.deriveIdentity(forGeohash: channel.geohash) else {
+            return nil
+        }
+
+        return identity.publicKeyHex.lowercased()
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/PrivateConversationModels.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import Foundation
+
+@MainActor
+final class PrivateInboxModel: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var selectedPeerID: PeerID?
+    @Published private(set) var unreadPeerIDs: Set<PeerID> = []
+    @Published private(set) var messagesByPeerID: [PeerID: [BitchatMessage]] = [:]
+
+    private let conversationStore: ConversationStore
+    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+
+    init(conversationStore: ConversationStore) {
+        self.conversationStore = conversationStore
+
+        bind()
+        refreshMessages()
+    }
+
+    func messages(for peerID: PeerID?) -> [BitchatMessage] {
+        guard let peerID else { return [] }
+        return messagesByPeerID[peerID] ?? []
+    }
+
+    private func bind() {
+        conversationStore.$selectedPrivatePeerID
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] peerID in
+                self?.selectedPeerID = peerID
+                self?.refreshMessages()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        conversationStore.$unreadConversations
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.unreadPeerIDs = self?.conversationStore.unreadDirectPeerIDs() ?? []
+                self?.refreshMessages()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        conversationStore.$messagesByConversation
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refreshMessages()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        selectedPeerID = conversationStore.selectedPrivatePeerID
+        unreadPeerIDs = conversationStore.unreadDirectPeerIDs()
+    }
+
+    private func refreshMessages() {
+        var nextMessagesByPeerID = conversationStore.directMessagesByPeerID()
+        var peerIDs = Set(nextMessagesByPeerID.keys)
+        peerIDs.formUnion(conversationStore.unreadDirectPeerIDs())
+        if let selectedPeerID = conversationStore.selectedPrivatePeerID {
+            peerIDs.insert(selectedPeerID)
+        }
+
+        for peerID in peerIDs where nextMessagesByPeerID[peerID] == nil {
+            nextMessagesByPeerID[peerID] = []
+        }
+
+        messagesByPeerID = nextMessagesByPeerID
+    }
+}
+
+enum PrivateConversationAvailability: Equatable {
+    case bluetoothConnected
+    case meshReachable
+    case nostrAvailable
+    case offline
+}
+
+struct PrivateConversationHeaderState: Equatable {
+    let conversationPeerID: PeerID
+    let headerPeerID: PeerID
+    let displayName: String
+    let availability: PrivateConversationAvailability
+    let isFavorite: Bool
+    let encryptionStatus: EncryptionStatus?
+
+    var supportsFavoriteToggle: Bool {
+        !conversationPeerID.isGeoDM
+    }
+}
+
+@MainActor
+final class PrivateConversationModel: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var selectedPeerID: PeerID?
+    @Published private(set) var selectedHeaderState: PrivateConversationHeaderState?
+
+    private let chatViewModel: ChatViewModel
+    private let conversationStore: ConversationStore
+    private let locationChannelsModel: LocationChannelsModel
+    private let peerIdentityStore: PeerIdentityStore
+    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+
+    init(
+        chatViewModel: ChatViewModel,
+        conversationStore: ConversationStore,
+        locationChannelsModel: LocationChannelsModel? = nil,
+        peerIdentityStore: PeerIdentityStore? = nil
+    ) {
+        self.chatViewModel = chatViewModel
+        self.conversationStore = conversationStore
+        self.locationChannelsModel = locationChannelsModel ?? LocationChannelsModel()
+        self.peerIdentityStore = peerIdentityStore ?? chatViewModel.peerIdentityStore
+        let initialPeerID = conversationStore.selectedPrivatePeerID
+        self.selectedPeerID = initialPeerID
+        self.selectedHeaderState = initialPeerID.flatMap { peerID in
+            makeHeaderState(for: peerID)
+        }
+
+        bind()
+    }
+
+    func startConversation(with peerID: PeerID) {
+        chatViewModel.startPrivateChat(with: peerID)
+        refreshSelectedConversation()
+    }
+
+    func openConversation(for peerID: PeerID) {
+        if peerID.isGeoChat {
+            guard let full = chatViewModel.fullNostrHex(forSenderPeerID: peerID) else { return }
+            chatViewModel.startGeohashDM(withPubkeyHex: full)
+        } else {
+            chatViewModel.startPrivateChat(with: peerID)
+        }
+
+        refreshSelectedConversation()
+    }
+
+    func endConversation() {
+        chatViewModel.endPrivateChat()
+        refreshSelectedConversation()
+    }
+
+    func toggleFavorite(peerID: PeerID) {
+        chatViewModel.toggleFavorite(peerID: peerID)
+        refreshSelectedConversation()
+    }
+
+    func toggleFavoriteForSelectedConversation() {
+        guard let headerPeerID = selectedHeaderState?.headerPeerID else { return }
+        toggleFavorite(peerID: headerPeerID)
+    }
+
+    func markMessagesAsRead(from peerID: PeerID) {
+        chatViewModel.markPrivateMessagesAsRead(from: peerID)
+    }
+
+    private func bind() {
+        conversationStore.$selectedPrivatePeerID
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refreshSelectedConversation()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        chatViewModel.$allPeers
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refreshSelectedConversation()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        peerIdentityStore.$encryptionStatuses
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refreshSelectedConversation()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: .favoriteStatusChanged)
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refreshSelectedConversation()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: Notification.Name("peerStatusUpdated"))
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refreshSelectedConversation()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        locationChannelsModel.$selectedChannel
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refreshSelectedConversation()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+    }
+
+    private func refreshSelectedConversation() {
+        selectedPeerID = conversationStore.selectedPrivatePeerID
+        selectedHeaderState = selectedPeerID.flatMap { peerID in
+            makeHeaderState(for: peerID)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func makeHeaderState(for conversationPeerID: PeerID) -> PrivateConversationHeaderState {
+        let headerPeerID = chatViewModel.getShortIDForNoiseKey(conversationPeerID)
+        let peer = chatViewModel.getPeer(byID: headerPeerID)
+        let displayName = resolveDisplayName(for: conversationPeerID, headerPeerID: headerPeerID, peer: peer)
+        let availability = resolveAvailability(for: headerPeerID, peer: peer)
+        let encryptionStatus: EncryptionStatus? = conversationPeerID.isGeoDM
+            ? nil
+            : chatViewModel.getEncryptionStatus(for: headerPeerID)
+
+        return PrivateConversationHeaderState(
+            conversationPeerID: conversationPeerID,
+            headerPeerID: headerPeerID,
+            displayName: displayName,
+            availability: availability,
+            isFavorite: chatViewModel.isFavorite(peerID: headerPeerID),
+            encryptionStatus: encryptionStatus
+        )
+    }
+
+    private func resolveDisplayName(
+        for conversationPeerID: PeerID,
+        headerPeerID: PeerID,
+        peer: BitchatPeer?
+    ) -> String {
+        if conversationPeerID.isGeoDM, case .location(let channel) = locationChannelsModel.selectedChannel {
+            return "#\(channel.geohash)/@\(chatViewModel.geohashDisplayName(for: conversationPeerID))"
+        }
+        if let displayName = peer?.displayName {
+            return displayName
+        }
+        if let nickname = chatViewModel.meshService.peerNickname(peerID: headerPeerID) {
+            return nickname
+        }
+        if let favorite = FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.getFavoriteStatus(
+            for: Data(hexString: headerPeerID.id) ?? Data()
+        ), !favorite.peerNickname.isEmpty {
+            return favorite.peerNickname
+        }
+        if headerPeerID.id.count == 16 {
+            let candidates = chatViewModel.identityManager.getCryptoIdentitiesByPeerIDPrefix(headerPeerID)
+            if let identity = candidates.first,
+               let social = chatViewModel.identityManager.getSocialIdentity(for: identity.fingerprint) {
+                if let pet = social.localPetname, !pet.isEmpty {
+                    return pet
+                }
+                if !social.claimedNickname.isEmpty {
+                    return social.claimedNickname
+                }
+            }
+        } else if let noiseKey = headerPeerID.noiseKey {
+            let fingerprint = noiseKey.sha256Fingerprint()
+            if let social = chatViewModel.identityManager.getSocialIdentity(for: fingerprint) {
+                if let pet = social.localPetname, !pet.isEmpty {
+                    return pet
+                }
+                if !social.claimedNickname.isEmpty {
+                    return social.claimedNickname
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return String(localized: "common.unknown", comment: "Fallback label for unknown peer")
+    }
+
+    private func resolveAvailability(for headerPeerID: PeerID, peer: BitchatPeer?) -> PrivateConversationAvailability {
+        if let connectionState = peer?.connectionState {
+            switch connectionState {
+            case .bluetoothConnected:
+                return .bluetoothConnected
+            case .meshReachable:
+                return .meshReachable
+            case .nostrAvailable:
+                return .nostrAvailable
+            case .offline:
+                return .offline
+            }
+        }
+
+        if chatViewModel.meshService.isPeerReachable(headerPeerID) {
+            return .meshReachable
+        }
+        if let noiseKey = Data(hexString: headerPeerID.id),
+           let favoriteStatus = FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.getFavoriteStatus(for: noiseKey),
+           favoriteStatus.isMutual {
+            return .nostrAvailable
+        }
+        if chatViewModel.meshService.isPeerConnected(headerPeerID) || chatViewModel.connectedPeers.contains(headerPeerID) {
+            return .bluetoothConnected
+        }
+
+        return .offline
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/PublicChatModel.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import SwiftUI
+
+@MainActor
+final class PublicChatModel: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var activeChannel: ChannelID
+    @Published private(set) var messages: [BitchatMessage] = []
+
+    private let conversationStore: ConversationStore
+    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+
+    init(conversationStore: ConversationStore) {
+        self.activeChannel = conversationStore.activeChannel
+        self.conversationStore = conversationStore
+
+        bind()
+        refreshMessages()
+    }
+
+    private func bind() {
+        conversationStore.$activeChannel
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] channel in
+                self?.activeChannel = channel
+                self?.refreshMessages()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        conversationStore.$messagesByConversation
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.refreshMessages()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+    }
+
+    private func refreshMessages() {
+        messages = conversationStore.messages(for: ConversationID(channelID: activeChannel))
+    }
+}

bitchat/App/VerificationModel.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Combine
+import Foundation
+
+struct FingerprintPresentationState: Equatable {
+    let statusPeerID: PeerID
+    let peerNickname: String
+    let encryptionStatus: EncryptionStatus
+    let theirFingerprint: String?
+    let myFingerprint: String
+    let isVerified: Bool
+
+    var canToggleVerification: Bool {
+        encryptionStatus == .noiseSecured || encryptionStatus == .noiseVerified
+    }
+}
+
+enum VerificationScanOutcome: Equatable {
+    case requested(String)
+    case notFound
+    case invalid
+}
+
+@MainActor
+final class VerificationModel: ObservableObject {
+    @Published private(set) var currentNickname: String
+    @Published private(set) var selectedPeerID: PeerID?
+
+    private let chatViewModel: ChatViewModel
+    private let peerIdentityStore: PeerIdentityStore
+    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+
+    init(
+        chatViewModel: ChatViewModel,
+        privateConversationModel: PrivateConversationModel,
+        peerIdentityStore: PeerIdentityStore? = nil
+    ) {
+        self.chatViewModel = chatViewModel
+        self.peerIdentityStore = peerIdentityStore ?? chatViewModel.peerIdentityStore
+        self.currentNickname = chatViewModel.nickname
+        self.selectedPeerID = privateConversationModel.selectedPeerID
+
+        bind(privateConversationModel: privateConversationModel)
+    }
+
+    func myQRString() -> String {
+        let npub = try? chatViewModel.idBridge.getCurrentNostrIdentity()?.npub
+        return VerificationService.shared.buildMyQRString(nickname: currentNickname, npub: npub) ?? ""
+    }
+
+    func beginQRVerification(with qr: VerificationService.VerificationQR) -> Bool {
+        chatViewModel.beginQRVerification(with: qr)
+    }
+
+    func verifyScannedPayload(_ payload: String) -> VerificationScanOutcome {
+        guard let qr = VerificationService.shared.verifyScannedQR(payload) else {
+            return .invalid
+        }
+
+        guard chatViewModel.beginQRVerification(with: qr) else {
+            return .notFound
+        }
+
+        return .requested(qr.nickname)
+    }
+
+    func verifyFingerprint(for peerID: PeerID) {
+        chatViewModel.verifyFingerprint(for: peerID)
+    }
+
+    func unverifyFingerprint(for peerID: PeerID) {
+        chatViewModel.unverifyFingerprint(for: peerID)
+    }
+
+    func isVerified(peerID: PeerID) -> Bool {
+        guard let fingerprint = chatViewModel.getFingerprint(for: peerID) else { return false }
+        return peerIdentityStore.isVerified(fingerprint)
+    }
+
+    func fingerprintPresentation(for peerID: PeerID) -> FingerprintPresentationState {
+        let statusPeerID = chatViewModel.getShortIDForNoiseKey(peerID)
+        let encryptionStatus = chatViewModel.getEncryptionStatus(for: statusPeerID)
+        let theirFingerprint = chatViewModel.getFingerprint(for: statusPeerID)
+        let peerNickname = resolveDisplayName(for: peerID, statusPeerID: statusPeerID)
+
+        return FingerprintPresentationState(
+            statusPeerID: statusPeerID,
+            peerNickname: peerNickname,
+            encryptionStatus: encryptionStatus,
+            theirFingerprint: theirFingerprint,
+            myFingerprint: chatViewModel.getMyFingerprint(),
+            isVerified: theirFingerprint.map { peerIdentityStore.isVerified($0) } ?? false
+        )
+    }
+
+    private func bind(privateConversationModel: PrivateConversationModel) {
+        chatViewModel.$nickname
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$currentNickname)
+
+        privateConversationModel.$selectedPeerID
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .assign(to: &$selectedPeerID)
+
+        peerIdentityStore.$encryptionStatuses
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.objectWillChange.send()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        peerIdentityStore.$verifiedFingerprints
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.objectWillChange.send()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+
+        chatViewModel.$allPeers
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.objectWillChange.send()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+    }
+
+    private func resolveDisplayName(for peerID: PeerID, statusPeerID: PeerID) -> String {
+        if let peer = chatViewModel.getPeer(byID: statusPeerID) {
+            return peer.displayName
+        }
+        if let name = chatViewModel.meshService.peerNickname(peerID: statusPeerID) {
+            return name
+        }
+        if let data = peerID.noiseKey {
+            if let favorite = FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.getFavoriteStatus(for: data),
+               !favorite.peerNickname.isEmpty {
+                return favorite.peerNickname
+            }
+            let fingerprint = data.sha256Fingerprint()
+            if let social = chatViewModel.identityManager.getSocialIdentity(for: fingerprint) {
+                if let pet = social.localPetname, !pet.isEmpty {
+                    return pet
+                }
+                if !social.claimedNickname.isEmpty {
+                    return social.claimedNickname
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return String(localized: "common.unknown", comment: "Label for an unknown peer")
+    }
+}

bitchat/BitchatApp.swift

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 // For more information, see <https://unlicense.org>
 //
 
-import Tor
 import SwiftUI
 import UserNotifications
 
@@ -14,116 +13,48 @@ import UserNotifications
 struct BitchatApp: App {
     static let bundleID = Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier ?? "chat.bitchat"
     static let groupID = "group.\(bundleID)"
-    
-    @StateObject private var chatViewModel: ChatViewModel
+
+    @StateObject private var runtime: AppRuntime
     #if os(iOS)
     @Environment(\.scenePhase) var scenePhase
     @UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor(AppDelegate.self) var appDelegate
-    // Skip the very first .active-triggered Tor restart on cold launch
-    @State private var didHandleInitialActive: Bool = false
-    @State private var didEnterBackground: Bool = false
     #elseif os(macOS)
     @NSApplicationDelegateAdaptor(MacAppDelegate.self) var appDelegate
     #endif
-    
-    private let idBridge = NostrIdentityBridge()
-    
+
     init() {
-        let keychain = KeychainManager()
-        let idBridge = self.idBridge
-        _chatViewModel = StateObject(
-            wrappedValue: ChatViewModel(
-                keychain: keychain,
-                idBridge: idBridge,
-                identityManager: SecureIdentityStateManager(keychain)
-            )
-        )
-        
+        _runtime = StateObject(wrappedValue: AppRuntime())
         UNUserNotificationCenter.current().delegate = NotificationDelegate.shared
-        // Warm up georelay directory and refresh if stale (once/day)
-        GeoRelayDirectory.shared.prefetchIfNeeded()
     }
-    
+
     var body: some Scene {
         WindowGroup {
             ContentView()
-                .environmentObject(chatViewModel)
+                .environmentObject(runtime.publicChatModel)
+                .environmentObject(runtime.privateInboxModel)
+                .environmentObject(runtime.privateConversationModel)
+                .environmentObject(runtime.verificationModel)
+                .environmentObject(runtime.conversationUIModel)
+                .environmentObject(runtime.locationChannelsModel)
+                .environmentObject(runtime.peerListModel)
+                .environmentObject(runtime.appChromeModel)
                 .onAppear {
-                    NotificationDelegate.shared.chatViewModel = chatViewModel
-                    // Inject live Noise service into VerificationService to avoid creating new BLE instances
-                    VerificationService.shared.configure(with: chatViewModel.meshService.getNoiseService())
-                    // Prewarm Nostr identity and QR to make first VERIFY sheet fast
-                    DispatchQueue.global(qos: .utility).async {
-                        let npub = try? idBridge.getCurrentNostrIdentity()?.npub
-                        _ = VerificationService.shared.buildMyQRString(nickname: chatViewModel.nickname, npub: npub)
-                    }
-                    #if os(iOS)
-                    appDelegate.chatViewModel = chatViewModel
-                    #elseif os(macOS)
-                    appDelegate.chatViewModel = chatViewModel
-                    #endif
-                    // Initialize network activation policy; will start Tor/Nostr only when allowed
-                    NetworkActivationService.shared.start()
-                    // Check for shared content
-                    checkForSharedContent()
+                    appDelegate.runtime = runtime
+                    runtime.start()
                 }
                 .onOpenURL { url in
-                    handleURL(url)
+                    runtime.handleOpenURL(url)
                 }
                 #if os(iOS)
                 .onChange(of: scenePhase) { newPhase in
-                    switch newPhase {
-                    case .background:
-                        // Keep BLE mesh running in background; BLEService adapts scanning automatically
-                        // Always send Tor to dormant on background for a clean restart later.
-                        TorManager.shared.setAppForeground(false)
-                        TorManager.shared.goDormantOnBackground()
-                        // Stop geohash sampling while backgrounded
-                        Task { @MainActor in
-                            chatViewModel.endGeohashSampling()
-                        }
-                        // Proactively disconnect Nostr to avoid spurious socket errors while Tor is down
-                        NostrRelayManager.shared.disconnect()
-                        didEnterBackground = true
-                    case .active:
-                        // Restart services when becoming active
-                        chatViewModel.meshService.startServices()
-                        TorManager.shared.setAppForeground(true)
-                        // On initial cold launch, Tor was just started in onAppear.
-                        // Skip the deterministic restart the first time we become active.
-                        if didHandleInitialActive && didEnterBackground {
-                            if TorManager.shared.isAutoStartAllowed() && !TorManager.shared.isReady {
-                                TorManager.shared.ensureRunningOnForeground()
-                            }
-                        } else {
-                            didHandleInitialActive = true
-                        }
-                        didEnterBackground = false
-                        if TorManager.shared.isAutoStartAllowed() {
-                            Task.detached {
-                                let _ = await TorManager.shared.awaitReady(timeout: 60)
-                                await MainActor.run {
-                                    // Rebuild proxied sessions to bind to the live Tor after readiness
-                                    TorURLSession.shared.rebuild()
-                                    // Reconnect Nostr via fresh sessions; will gate until Tor 100%
-                                    NostrRelayManager.shared.resetAllConnections()
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                        checkForSharedContent()
-                    case .inactive:
-                        break
-                    @unknown default:
-                        break
-                    }
+                    runtime.handleScenePhaseChange(newPhase)
                 }
                 .onReceive(NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: UIApplication.didBecomeActiveNotification)) { _ in
-                    // Check for shared content when app becomes active
-                    checkForSharedContent()
+                    runtime.handleDidBecomeActiveNotification()
                 }
                 #elseif os(macOS)
                 .onReceive(NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: NSApplication.didBecomeActiveNotification)) { _ in
-                    // App became active
+                    runtime.handleMacDidBecomeActiveNotification()
                 }
                 #endif
         }
@@ -132,62 +63,18 @@ struct BitchatApp: App {
         .windowResizability(.contentSize)
         #endif
     }
-    
-    private func handleURL(_ url: URL) {
-        if url.scheme == "bitchat" && url.host == "share" {
-            // Handle shared content
-            checkForSharedContent()
-        }
-    }
-    
-    private func checkForSharedContent() {
-        // Check app group for shared content from extension
-        guard let userDefaults = UserDefaults(suiteName: BitchatApp.groupID) else {
-            return
-        }
-        
-        guard let sharedContent = userDefaults.string(forKey: "sharedContent"),
-              let sharedDate = userDefaults.object(forKey: "sharedContentDate") as? Date else {
-            return
-        }
-        
-        // Only process if shared within configured window
-        if Date().timeIntervalSince(sharedDate) < TransportConfig.uiShareAcceptWindowSeconds {
-            let contentType = userDefaults.string(forKey: "sharedContentType") ?? "text"
-            
-            // Clear the shared content
-            userDefaults.removeObject(forKey: "sharedContent")
-            userDefaults.removeObject(forKey: "sharedContentType")
-            userDefaults.removeObject(forKey: "sharedContentDate")
-            // No need to force synchronize here
-            
-            // Send the shared content immediately on the main queue
-            DispatchQueue.main.async {
-                if contentType == "url" {
-                    // Try to parse as JSON first
-                    if let data = sharedContent.data(using: .utf8),
-                       let urlData = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data) as? [String: String],
-                       let url = urlData["url"] {
-                        // Send plain URL
-                        self.chatViewModel.sendMessage(url)
-                    } else {
-                        // Fallback to simple URL
-                        self.chatViewModel.sendMessage(sharedContent)
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    self.chatViewModel.sendMessage(sharedContent)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 #if os(iOS)
 final class AppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate {
-    weak var chatViewModel: ChatViewModel?
-    
+    weak var runtime: AppRuntime?
+
     func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey : Any]? = nil) -> Bool {
-        return true
+        true
+    }
+
+    func applicationWillTerminate(_ application: UIApplication) {
+        runtime?.applicationWillTerminate()
     }
 }
 #endif
@@ -196,79 +83,42 @@ final class AppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate {
 import AppKit
 
 final class MacAppDelegate: NSObject, NSApplicationDelegate {
-    weak var chatViewModel: ChatViewModel?
-    
+    weak var runtime: AppRuntime?
+
     func applicationWillTerminate(_ notification: Notification) {
-        chatViewModel?.applicationWillTerminate()
+        runtime?.applicationWillTerminate()
     }
-    
+
     func applicationShouldTerminateAfterLastWindowClosed(_ sender: NSApplication) -> Bool {
-        return true
+        true
     }
 }
 #endif
 
 final class NotificationDelegate: NSObject, UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate {
     static let shared = NotificationDelegate()
-    weak var chatViewModel: ChatViewModel?
-    
+    weak var runtime: AppRuntime?
+
     func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) {
         let identifier = response.notification.request.identifier
         let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo
-        
-        // Check if this is a private message notification
-        if identifier.hasPrefix("private-") {
-            // Get peer ID from userInfo
-            if let peerID = userInfo["peerID"] as? String {
-                DispatchQueue.main.async {
-                    self.chatViewModel?.startPrivateChat(with: PeerID(str: peerID))
-                }
-            }
+
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.runtime?.handleNotificationResponse(identifier: identifier, userInfo: userInfo)
         }
-        // Handle deeplink (e.g., geohash activity)
-        if let deep = userInfo["deeplink"] as? String, let url = URL(string: deep) {
-            #if os(iOS)
-            DispatchQueue.main.async { UIApplication.shared.open(url) }
-            #else
-            DispatchQueue.main.async { NSWorkspace.shared.open(url) }
-            #endif
-        }
-        
         completionHandler()
     }
-    
+
     func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, willPresent notification: UNNotification, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) {
         let identifier = notification.request.identifier
         let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo
-        
-        // Check if this is a private message notification
-        if identifier.hasPrefix("private-") {
-            // Get peer ID from userInfo
-            if let peerID = userInfo["peerID"] as? String {
-                // Don't show notification if the private chat is already open
-                if chatViewModel?.selectedPrivateChatPeer == PeerID(str: peerID) {
-                    completionHandler([])
-                    return
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        // Suppress geohash activity notification if we're already in that geohash channel
-        if identifier.hasPrefix("geo-activity-"),
-           let deep = userInfo["deeplink"] as? String,
-           let gh = deep.components(separatedBy: "/").last {
-            if case .location(let ch) = LocationChannelManager.shared.selectedChannel, ch.geohash == gh {
-                completionHandler([])
-                return
-            }
-        }
-        
-        // Show notification in all other cases
-        completionHandler([.banner, .sound])
-    }
-}
 
-extension String {
-    var nilIfEmpty: String? {
-        self.isEmpty ? nil : self
+        Task {
+            let options = await self.runtime?.presentationOptions(
+                forNotificationIdentifier: identifier,
+                userInfo: userInfo
+            ) ?? [.banner, .sound]
+            completionHandler(options)
+        }
     }
 }

bitchat/Features/media/ImageUtils.swift

@@ -15,30 +15,39 @@ enum ImageUtilsError: Error {
 enum ImageUtils {
     private static let compressionQuality: CGFloat = 0.82
     private static let targetImageBytes: Int = 45_000
+    private static let maxSourceImageBytes: Int = 10 * 1024 * 1024
 
-    static func processImage(at url: URL, maxDimension: CGFloat = 448) throws -> URL {
-        // Security H1: Check file size BEFORE reading into memory
-        let attrs = try FileManager.default.attributesOfItem(atPath: url.path)
-        guard let fileSize = attrs[.size] as? Int else {
-            throw ImageUtilsError.invalidImage
-        }
-        // Allow up to 10MB source images (will be scaled down)
-        guard fileSize <= 10 * 1024 * 1024 else {
-            throw ImageUtilsError.invalidImage
-        }
+    static func processImage(at url: URL, maxDimension: CGFloat = 448, outputDirectory: URL? = nil) throws -> URL {
+        try validateImageSource(at: url)
 
         let data = try Data(contentsOf: url)
         #if os(iOS)
         guard let image = UIImage(data: data) else { throw ImageUtilsError.invalidImage }
-        return try processImage(image, maxDimension: maxDimension)
+        return try processImage(image, maxDimension: maxDimension, outputDirectory: outputDirectory)
         #else
         guard let image = NSImage(data: data) else { throw ImageUtilsError.invalidImage }
-        return try processImage(image, maxDimension: maxDimension)
+        return try processImage(image, maxDimension: maxDimension, outputDirectory: outputDirectory)
         #endif
     }
 
+    static func validateImageSource(at url: URL) throws {
+        // Security H1: Check file size BEFORE reading into memory.
+        let attrs = try FileManager.default.attributesOfItem(atPath: url.path)
+        guard let fileSize = attrs[.size] as? Int,
+              fileSize > 0,
+              fileSize <= maxSourceImageBytes else {
+            throw ImageUtilsError.invalidImage
+        }
+
+        let options = [kCGImageSourceShouldCache: false] as CFDictionary
+        guard let source = CGImageSourceCreateWithURL(url as CFURL, options),
+              CGImageSourceGetType(source) != nil else {
+            throw ImageUtilsError.invalidImage
+        }
+    }
+
     #if os(iOS)
-    static func processImage(_ image: UIImage, maxDimension: CGFloat = 448) throws -> URL {
+    static func processImage(_ image: UIImage, maxDimension: CGFloat = 448, outputDirectory: URL? = nil) throws -> URL {
         return try autoreleasepool {
             // Scale the image first
             let scaled = scaledImage(image, maxDimension: maxDimension)
@@ -64,7 +73,7 @@ enum ImageUtils {
                 }
             }
 
-            let outputURL = try makeOutputURL()
+            let outputURL = try makeOutputURL(outputDirectory: outputDirectory)
             try jpegData.write(to: outputURL, options: .atomic)
             return outputURL
         }
@@ -106,7 +115,7 @@ enum ImageUtils {
         return data as Data
     }
     #else
-    static func processImage(_ image: NSImage, maxDimension: CGFloat = 448) throws -> URL {
+    static func processImage(_ image: NSImage, maxDimension: CGFloat = 448, outputDirectory: URL? = nil) throws -> URL {
         return try autoreleasepool {
             let scaled = scaledImage(image, maxDimension: maxDimension)
             guard let inputCG = scaled.cgImage(forProposedRect: nil, context: nil, hints: nil) else {
@@ -142,7 +151,7 @@ enum ImageUtils {
                     }
                 }
             }
-            let outputURL = try makeOutputURL()
+            let outputURL = try makeOutputURL(outputDirectory: outputDirectory)
             try jpegData.write(to: outputURL, options: .atomic)
             return outputURL
         }
@@ -186,12 +195,17 @@ enum ImageUtils {
     }
     #endif
 
-    private static func makeOutputURL() throws -> URL {
+    private static func makeOutputURL(outputDirectory: URL? = nil) throws -> URL {
         let formatter = DateFormatter()
         formatter.dateFormat = "yyyyMMdd_HHmmss"
-        let fileName = "img_\(formatter.string(from: Date())).jpg"
+        let fileName = "img_\(formatter.string(from: Date()))_\(UUID().uuidString).jpg"
 
-        let directory = try applicationFilesDirectory().appendingPathComponent("images/outgoing", isDirectory: true)
+        let directory: URL
+        if let outputDirectory {
+            directory = outputDirectory
+        } else {
+            directory = try applicationFilesDirectory().appendingPathComponent("images/outgoing", isDirectory: true)
+        }
         try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: directory, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
         return directory.appendingPathComponent(fileName)
     }

bitchat/Features/voice/VoiceNotePlaybackController.swift

@@ -9,6 +9,18 @@ final class VoiceNotePlaybackController: NSObject, ObservableObject, AVAudioPlay
     @Published private(set) var duration: TimeInterval = 0
     @Published private(set) var progress: Double = 0
 
+    /// rounded so 4.9s shows "00:05"
+    var roundedDuration: Int {
+        guard duration.isFinite else { return 0 }
+        return Int(duration.rounded())
+    }
+
+    /// ceil so "00:01" stays visible until playback ends, capped to rounded duration
+    var remainingSeconds: Int {
+        let remaining = max(0, duration - currentTime)
+        return min(roundedDuration, Int(ceil(remaining)))
+    }
+
     private var player: AVAudioPlayer?
     private var timer: Timer?
     private var url: URL

bitchat/Features/voice/VoiceRecorder.swift

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@ import Foundation
 import AVFoundation
 
 /// Manages audio capture for mesh voice notes with predictable encoding settings.
-/// Recording runs on an internal serial queue to avoid AVAudioSession contention.
-final class VoiceRecorder: NSObject, AVAudioRecorderDelegate {
+actor VoiceRecorder {
     enum RecorderError: Error {
         case microphoneAccessDenied
         case recorderInitializationFailed
@@ -12,21 +11,16 @@ final class VoiceRecorder: NSObject, AVAudioRecorderDelegate {
 
     static let shared = VoiceRecorder()
 
-    private let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "com.bitchat.voice-recorder")
     private let paddingInterval: TimeInterval = 0.5
     private let maxRecordingDuration: TimeInterval = 120
+    static let minRecordingDuration: TimeInterval = 1
 
     private var recorder: AVAudioRecorder?
     private var currentURL: URL?
-    private var stopWorkItem: DispatchWorkItem?
-
-    private override init() {
-        super.init()
-    }
 
     // MARK: - Permissions
 
-    @discardableResult
+    nonisolated
     func requestPermission() async -> Bool {
         #if os(iOS)
         return await withCheckedContinuation { continuation in
@@ -47,97 +41,88 @@ final class VoiceRecorder: NSObject, AVAudioRecorderDelegate {
 
     // MARK: - Recording Lifecycle
 
+    @discardableResult
     func startRecording() throws -> URL {
-        try queue.sync {
-            if recorder?.isRecording == true {
-                throw RecorderError.recordingInProgress
-            }
-
-            #if os(iOS)
-            let session = AVAudioSession.sharedInstance()
-            guard session.recordPermission == .granted else {
-                throw RecorderError.microphoneAccessDenied
-            }
-            try session.setCategory(
-                .playAndRecord,
-                mode: .default,
-                options: [.defaultToSpeaker, .allowBluetoothA2DP, .allowBluetoothHFP]
-            )
-            try session.setActive(true, options: .notifyOthersOnDeactivation)
-            #endif
-            #if os(macOS)
-            guard AVCaptureDevice.authorizationStatus(for: .audio) == .authorized else {
-                throw RecorderError.microphoneAccessDenied
-            }
-            #endif
-
-            let outputURL = try makeOutputURL()
-            let settings: [String: Any] = [
-                AVFormatIDKey: kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC,
-                AVSampleRateKey: 16_000,
-                AVNumberOfChannelsKey: 1,
-                AVEncoderBitRateKey: 16_000
-            ]
-
-            let audioRecorder = try AVAudioRecorder(url: outputURL, settings: settings)
-            audioRecorder.delegate = self
-            audioRecorder.isMeteringEnabled = true
-            audioRecorder.prepareToRecord()
-            audioRecorder.record(forDuration: maxRecordingDuration)
-
-            recorder = audioRecorder
-            currentURL = outputURL
-            stopWorkItem?.cancel()
-            stopWorkItem = nil
-            return outputURL
+        if recorder?.isRecording == true {
+            throw RecorderError.recordingInProgress
         }
+
+        #if os(iOS)
+        let session = AVAudioSession.sharedInstance()
+        guard session.recordPermission == .granted else {
+            throw RecorderError.microphoneAccessDenied
+        }
+        #if targetEnvironment(simulator)
+        // allowBluetoothHFP is not available on iOS Simulator
+        try session.setCategory(
+            .playAndRecord,
+            mode: .default,
+            options: [.defaultToSpeaker, .allowBluetoothA2DP]
+        )
+        #else
+        try session.setCategory(
+            .playAndRecord,
+            mode: .default,
+            options: [.defaultToSpeaker, .allowBluetoothA2DP, .allowBluetoothHFP]
+        )
+        #endif
+        try session.setActive(true, options: .notifyOthersOnDeactivation)
+        #endif
+        #if os(macOS)
+        guard AVCaptureDevice.authorizationStatus(for: .audio) == .authorized else {
+            throw RecorderError.microphoneAccessDenied
+        }
+        #endif
+
+        let outputURL = try makeOutputURL()
+        let settings: [String: Any] = [
+            AVFormatIDKey: kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC,
+            AVSampleRateKey: 16_000,
+            AVNumberOfChannelsKey: 1,
+            AVEncoderBitRateKey: 16_000
+        ]
+
+        let audioRecorder = try AVAudioRecorder(url: outputURL, settings: settings)
+        audioRecorder.isMeteringEnabled = true
+        audioRecorder.prepareToRecord()
+        audioRecorder.record(forDuration: maxRecordingDuration)
+
+        recorder = audioRecorder
+        currentURL = outputURL
+        return outputURL
     }
 
-    func stopRecording(completion: @escaping (URL?) -> Void) {
-        queue.async { [weak self] in
-            guard let self = self, let recorder = self.recorder, recorder.isRecording else {
-                completion(self?.currentURL)
-                return
-            }
-
-            let item = DispatchWorkItem { [weak self] in
-                guard let self = self else { return }
-                recorder.stop()
-                self.cleanupSession()
-                let url = self.currentURL
-                self.recorder = nil
-                self.currentURL = url
-                completion(url)
-            }
-            self.stopWorkItem = item
-            self.queue.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + self.paddingInterval, execute: item)
+    func stopRecording() async -> URL? {
+        guard let recorder, recorder.isRecording else {
+            return currentURL
         }
+
+        let sessionURL = currentURL
+
+        try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: UInt64(paddingInterval * 1_000_000_000))
+
+        recorder.stop()
+
+        // A new session may have started during the sleep — don't touch its state
+        if self.recorder === recorder {
+            cleanupSession()
+            self.recorder = nil
+            currentURL = nil
+        }
+
+        return sessionURL
     }
 
     func cancelRecording() {
-        queue.async { [weak self] in
-            guard let self = self else { return }
-            self.stopWorkItem?.cancel()
-            self.stopWorkItem = nil
-            if let recorder = self.recorder, recorder.isRecording {
-                recorder.stop()
-            }
-            self.cleanupSession()
-            if let url = self.currentURL {
-                try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: url)
-            }
-            self.recorder = nil
-            self.currentURL = nil
+        if let recorder, recorder.isRecording {
+            recorder.stop()
         }
-    }
-
-    // MARK: - Metering
-
-    func currentAveragePower() -> Float {
-        queue.sync {
-            recorder?.updateMeters()
-            return recorder?.averagePower(forChannel: 0) ?? -160
+        cleanupSession()
+        if let currentURL {
+            try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: currentURL)
         }
+        recorder = nil
+        currentURL = nil
     }
 
     // MARK: - Helpers

bitchat/Identity/IdentityModels.swift

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@
 ///
 
 import Foundation
+import BitFoundation
 
 // MARK: - Three-Layer Identity Model
 

bitchat/Identity/SecureIdentityStateManager.swift

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@
 ///
 
 import BitLogger
+import BitFoundation
 import Foundation
 import CryptoKit
 
@@ -201,8 +202,12 @@ final class SecureIdentityStateManager: SecureIdentityStateManagerProtocol {
             let decryptedData = try AES.GCM.open(sealedBox, using: encryptionKey)
             cache = try JSONDecoder().decode(IdentityCache.self, from: decryptedData)
         } catch {
-            // Log error but continue with empty cache
-            SecureLogger.error(error, context: "Failed to load identity cache", category: .security)
+            cache = IdentityCache()
+            let deleted = keychain.deleteIdentityKey(forKey: cacheKey)
+            SecureLogger.warning(
+                "Discarded unreadable identity cache; starting fresh (deleted=\(deleted), error=\(error.localizedDescription))",
+                category: .security
+            )
         }
     }
     
@@ -331,16 +336,15 @@ final class SecureIdentityStateManager: SecureIdentityStateManagerProtocol {
     
     func updateSocialIdentity(_ identity: SocialIdentity) {
         queue.async(flags: .barrier) {
+            let previousClaimedNickname = self.cache.socialIdentities[identity.fingerprint]?.claimedNickname
             self.cache.socialIdentities[identity.fingerprint] = identity
             
             // Update nickname index
-            if let existingIdentity = self.cache.socialIdentities[identity.fingerprint] {
-                // Remove old nickname from index if changed
-                if existingIdentity.claimedNickname != identity.claimedNickname {
-                    self.cache.nicknameIndex[existingIdentity.claimedNickname]?.remove(identity.fingerprint)
-                    if self.cache.nicknameIndex[existingIdentity.claimedNickname]?.isEmpty == true {
-                        self.cache.nicknameIndex.removeValue(forKey: existingIdentity.claimedNickname)
-                    }
+            if let previousClaimedNickname,
+               previousClaimedNickname != identity.claimedNickname {
+                self.cache.nicknameIndex[previousClaimedNickname]?.remove(identity.fingerprint)
+                if self.cache.nicknameIndex[previousClaimedNickname]?.isEmpty == true {
+                    self.cache.nicknameIndex.removeValue(forKey: previousClaimedNickname)
                 }
             }
             
@@ -532,4 +536,16 @@ final class SecureIdentityStateManager: SecureIdentityStateManagerProtocol {
             return cache.verifiedFingerprints
         }
     }
+
+    var debugNicknameIndex: [String: Set<String>] {
+        queue.sync { cache.nicknameIndex }
+    }
+
+    func debugEphemeralSession(for peerID: PeerID) -> EphemeralIdentity? {
+        queue.sync { ephemeralSessions[peerID] }
+    }
+
+    func debugLastInteraction(for fingerprint: String) -> Date? {
+        queue.sync { cache.lastInteractions[fingerprint] }
+    }
 }

bitchat/Info.plist

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
 <plist version="1.0">
 <dict>
+	<key>AppGroupID</key>
+	<string>$(APP_GROUP_ID)</string>
 	<key>CFBundleDevelopmentRegion</key>
 	<string>$(DEVELOPMENT_LANGUAGE)</string>
 	<key>CFBundleDisplayName</key>
@@ -37,12 +39,12 @@
 	<string>bitchat uses Bluetooth to discover and connect with other bitchat users nearby.</string>
 	<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
 	<string>bitchat uses the camera to scan QR codes to verify peers.</string>
-	<key>NSPhotoLibraryUsageDescription</key>
-	<string>bitchat lets you pick images from your photo library to share with nearby peers.</string>
-	<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
-	<string>bitchat uses the microphone to record voice notes that relay across the mesh.</string>
 	<key>NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
 	<string>bitchat uses your approximate location to compute local geohash channels for optional public chats. Exact GPS is never shared.</string>
+	<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
+	<string>bitchat uses the microphone to record voice notes that relay across the mesh.</string>
+	<key>NSPhotoLibraryUsageDescription</key>
+	<string>bitchat lets you pick images from your photo library to share with nearby peers.</string>
 	<key>UIBackgroundModes</key>
 	<array>
 		<string>bluetooth-central</string>

bitchat/Models/BitchatMessage+Media.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+//
+// BitchatMessage+Media.swift
+// bitchat
+//
+// This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+// For more information, see <https://unlicense.org>
+//
+
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+extension BitchatMessage {
+    enum Media {
+        case voice(URL)
+        case image(URL)
+
+        var url: URL {
+            switch self {
+            case .voice(let url), .image(let url):
+                return url
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Cache the directory lookup to avoid repeated FileManager calls during view rendering
+    private struct Cache {
+        let filesDir: URL?
+
+        static let shared = Cache()
+        private init() {
+            do {
+                let base = try FileManager.default.url(for: .applicationSupportDirectory, in: .userDomainMask, appropriateFor: nil, create: true)
+                let filesDir = base.appendingPathComponent("files", isDirectory: true)
+                try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: filesDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
+                self.filesDir = filesDir
+            } catch {
+                filesDir = nil
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func mediaAttachment(for nickname: String) -> Media? {
+        guard let baseDirectory = Cache.shared.filesDir else { return nil }
+
+        func url(for category: MimeType.Category) -> URL? {
+            guard content.hasPrefix(category.messagePrefix),
+                  let filename = String(content.dropFirst(category.messagePrefix.count)).trimmedOrNilIfEmpty
+            else {
+                return nil
+            }
+
+            // Check outgoing first for sent messages, incoming for received
+            let subdir = sender == nickname ? "\(category.mediaDir)/outgoing" : "\(category.mediaDir)/incoming"
+
+            // Construct URL directly without fileExists check (avoids blocking disk I/O in view body)
+            // Files are checked during playback/display, so missing files fail gracefully
+            let directory = baseDirectory.appendingPathComponent(subdir, isDirectory: true)
+            return directory.appendingPathComponent(filename)
+        }
+
+        if let url = url(for: .audio) {
+            return .voice(url)
+        }
+        if let url = url(for: .image) {
+            return .image(url)
+        }
+        return nil
+    }
+}

bitchat/Models/BitchatPeer.swift

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import Foundation
 import CoreBluetooth
+import BitFoundation
 
 /// Represents a peer in the BitChat network with all associated metadata
 struct BitchatPeer: Equatable {

bitchat/Models/CommandInfo.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+//
+// CommandsInfo.swift
+// bitchat
+//
+// This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+// For more information, see <https://unlicense.org>
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+// MARK: - CommandInfo Enum
+
+enum CommandInfo: String, Identifiable {
+    case block
+    case clear
+    case hug
+    case message = "dm"
+    case slap
+    case unblock
+    case who
+    case favorite
+    case unfavorite
+    
+    var id: String { rawValue }
+    
+    var alias: String { "/" + rawValue }
+    
+    var placeholder: String? {
+        switch self {
+        case .block, .hug, .message, .slap, .unblock, .favorite, .unfavorite:
+            return "<" + String(localized: "content.input.nickname_placeholder") + ">"
+        case .clear, .who:
+            return nil
+        }
+    }
+    
+    var description: String {
+        switch self {
+        case .block:        String(localized: "content.commands.block")
+        case .clear:        String(localized: "content.commands.clear")
+        case .hug:          String(localized: "content.commands.hug")
+        case .message:      String(localized: "content.commands.message")
+        case .slap:         String(localized: "content.commands.slap")
+        case .unblock:      String(localized: "content.commands.unblock")
+        case .who:          String(localized: "content.commands.who")
+        case .favorite:     String(localized: "content.commands.favorite")
+        case .unfavorite:   String(localized: "content.commands.unfavorite")
+        }
+    }
+    
+    static func all(isGeoPublic: Bool, isGeoDM: Bool) -> [CommandInfo] {
+        let baseCommands: [CommandInfo] = [.block, .unblock, .clear, .hug, .message, .slap, .who]
+        if isGeoPublic || isGeoDM {
+            return baseCommands + [.favorite, .unfavorite]
+        }
+        return baseCommands
+    }
+}

bitchat/Models/ReadReceipt.swift

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 //
 
 import Foundation
+import BitFoundation
 
 struct ReadReceipt: Codable {
     let originalMessageID: String

bitchat/Models/RequestSyncPacket.swift

@@ -9,12 +9,16 @@ struct RequestSyncPacket {
     let m: UInt32
     let data: Data
     let types: SyncTypeFlags?
+    let sinceTimestamp: UInt64?
+    let fragmentIdFilter: String?
 
-    init(p: Int, m: UInt32, data: Data, types: SyncTypeFlags? = nil) {
+    init(p: Int, m: UInt32, data: Data, types: SyncTypeFlags? = nil, sinceTimestamp: UInt64? = nil, fragmentIdFilter: String? = nil) {
         self.p = p
         self.m = m
         self.data = data
         self.types = types
+        self.sinceTimestamp = sinceTimestamp
+        self.fragmentIdFilter = fragmentIdFilter
     }
 
     func encode() -> Data {
@@ -36,15 +40,24 @@ struct RequestSyncPacket {
         if let typesData = types?.toData() {
             putTLV(0x04, typesData)
         }
+        if let ts = sinceTimestamp {
+            var tsBE = ts.bigEndian
+            putTLV(0x05, withUnsafeBytes(of: &tsBE) { Data($0) })
+        }
+        if let fid = fragmentIdFilter, let fidData = fid.data(using: .utf8) {
+            putTLV(0x06, fidData)
+        }
         return out
     }
-
+    
     static func decode(from data: Data, maxAcceptBytes: Int = 1024) -> RequestSyncPacket? {
         var off = 0
         var p: Int? = nil
         var m: UInt32? = nil
         var payload: Data? = nil
         var types: SyncTypeFlags? = nil
+        var sinceTimestamp: UInt64? = nil
+        var fragmentIdFilter: String? = nil
 
         while off + 3 <= data.count {
             let t = Int(data[off]); off += 1
@@ -68,12 +81,22 @@ struct RequestSyncPacket {
                 if let decoded = SyncTypeFlags.decode(v) {
                     types = decoded
                 }
+            case 0x05:
+                if v.count == 8 {
+                    var ts: UInt64 = 0
+                    for b in v { ts = (ts << 8) | UInt64(b) }
+                    sinceTimestamp = ts
+                }
+            case 0x06:
+                if let fid = String(data: v, encoding: .utf8) {
+                    fragmentIdFilter = fid
+                }
             default:
                 break // forward compatible; ignore unknown TLVs
             }
         }
 
         guard let pp = p, let mm = m, let dd = payload, pp >= 1, mm > 0 else { return nil }
-        return RequestSyncPacket(p: pp, m: mm, data: dd, types: types)
+        return RequestSyncPacket(p: pp, m: mm, data: dd, types: types, sinceTimestamp: sinceTimestamp, fragmentIdFilter: fragmentIdFilter)
     }
 }

bitchat/Noise/NoiseProtocol.swift

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
 ///
 
 import BitLogger
+import BitFoundation
 import Foundation
 import CryptoKit
 
@@ -165,19 +166,23 @@ final class NoiseCipherState {
     // MARK: - Sliding Window Replay Protection
     
     /// Check if nonce is valid for replay protection
+    /// BCH-01-010: Use safe arithmetic to prevent integer overflow
     private func isValidNonce(_ receivedNonce: UInt64) -> Bool {
-        if receivedNonce + UInt64(Self.REPLAY_WINDOW_SIZE) <= highestReceivedNonce {
+        // Safe overflow check: instead of (receivedNonce + WINDOW_SIZE <= highest)
+        // use (highest >= WINDOW_SIZE && receivedNonce <= highest - WINDOW_SIZE)
+        let windowSize = UInt64(Self.REPLAY_WINDOW_SIZE)
+        if highestReceivedNonce >= windowSize && receivedNonce <= highestReceivedNonce - windowSize {
             return false  // Too old, outside window
         }
-        
+
         if receivedNonce > highestReceivedNonce {
             return true  // Always accept newer nonces
         }
-        
+
         let offset = Int(highestReceivedNonce - receivedNonce)
         let byteIndex = offset / 8
         let bitIndex = offset % 8
-        
+
         return (replayWindow[byteIndex] & (1 << bitIndex)) == 0  // Not yet seen
     }
     
@@ -222,7 +227,7 @@ final class NoiseCipherState {
         guard combinedPayload.count >= Self.NONCE_SIZE_BYTES else {
             return nil
         }
-
+        
         // Extract 4-byte nonce (big-endian)
         let nonceData = combinedPayload.prefix(Self.NONCE_SIZE_BYTES)
         let extractedNonce = nonceData.withUnsafeBytes { (bytes: UnsafeRawBufferPointer) -> UInt64 in
@@ -233,18 +238,18 @@ final class NoiseCipherState {
             }
             return result
         }
-
+        
         // Extract ciphertext (remaining bytes)
         let ciphertext = combinedPayload.dropFirst(Self.NONCE_SIZE_BYTES)
-
+        
         return (nonce: extractedNonce, ciphertext: Data(ciphertext))
     }
-
+    
     /// Convert nonce to 4-byte array (big-endian)
     private func nonceToBytes(_ nonce: UInt64) -> Data {
         var bytes = Data(count: Self.NONCE_SIZE_BYTES)
         withUnsafeBytes(of: nonce.bigEndian) { ptr in
-            // Copy only the last 4 bytes from the 8-byte UInt64 
+            // Copy only the last 4 bytes from the 8-byte UInt64
             let sourceBytes = ptr.bindMemory(to: UInt8.self)
             bytes.replaceSubrange(0..<Self.NONCE_SIZE_BYTES, with: sourceBytes.suffix(Self.NONCE_SIZE_BYTES))
         }
@@ -273,7 +278,7 @@ final class NoiseCipherState {
         let sealedBox = try ChaChaPoly.seal(plaintext, using: key, nonce: ChaChaPoly.Nonce(data: nonceData), authenticating: associatedData)
         // increment local nonce
         nonce += 1
-               
+        
         // Create combined payload: <nonce><ciphertext>
         let combinedPayload: Data
         if (useExtractedNonce) {
@@ -287,7 +292,7 @@ final class NoiseCipherState {
         if currentNonce > Self.HIGH_NONCE_WARNING_THRESHOLD {
             SecureLogger.warning("High nonce value detected: \(currentNonce) - consider rekeying", category: .encryption)
         }
-                
+        
         return combinedPayload
     }
     
@@ -316,7 +321,7 @@ final class NoiseCipherState {
                 SecureLogger.debug("Replay attack detected: nonce \(extractedNonce) rejected")
                 throw NoiseError.replayDetected
             }
-
+            
             // Split ciphertext and tag
             encryptedData = actualCiphertext.prefix(actualCiphertext.count - 16)
             tag = actualCiphertext.suffix(16)
@@ -347,16 +352,20 @@ final class NoiseCipherState {
         
         do {
             let plaintext = try ChaChaPoly.open(sealedBox, using: key, authenticating: associatedData)
-            
+
+            // BCH-01-010: Atomic nonce state update
+            // Both replay window marking and nonce increment must complete together
+            // to prevent state desynchronization. We perform both after successful
+            // decryption only, ensuring state consistency on any failure path.
             if useExtractedNonce {
-                // Mark nonce as seen after successful decryption
                 markNonceAsSeen(decryptionNonce)
             }
             nonce += 1
+
             return plaintext
         } catch {
+            // Decryption failed - nonce state remains unchanged (atomic rollback)
             SecureLogger.debug("Decrypt failed: \(error) for nonce \(decryptionNonce)")
-            // Log authentication failures with nonce info
             SecureLogger.error("Decryption failed at nonce \(decryptionNonce)", category: .encryption)
             throw error
         }
@@ -376,6 +385,16 @@ final class NoiseCipherState {
             replayWindow[i] = 0
         }
     }
+
+    #if DEBUG
+    func setNonceForTesting(_ nonce: UInt64) {
+        self.nonce = nonce
+    }
+
+    func extractNonceFromCiphertextPayloadForTesting(_ combinedPayload: Data) throws -> (nonce: UInt64, ciphertext: Data)? {
+        try extractNonceFromCiphertextPayload(combinedPayload)
+    }
+    #endif
 }
 
 // MARK: - Symmetric State
@@ -451,17 +470,40 @@ final class NoiseSymmetricState {
         }
     }
     
-    func split() -> (NoiseCipherState, NoiseCipherState) {
+    func split(useExtractedNonce: Bool) -> (NoiseCipherState, NoiseCipherState) {
         let output = hkdf(chainingKey: chainingKey, inputKeyMaterial: Data(), numOutputs: 2)
         let tempKey1 = SymmetricKey(data: output[0])
         let tempKey2 = SymmetricKey(data: output[1])
-        
-        let c1 = NoiseCipherState(key: tempKey1, useExtractedNonce: true)
-        let c2 = NoiseCipherState(key: tempKey2, useExtractedNonce: true)
-        
+
+        let c1 = NoiseCipherState(key: tempKey1, useExtractedNonce: useExtractedNonce)
+        let c2 = NoiseCipherState(key: tempKey2, useExtractedNonce: useExtractedNonce)
+
+        // BCH-01-010: Clear symmetric state after split per Noise spec
+        // The chaining key and hash should not be retained after handshake completes
+        clearSensitiveData()
+
         return (c1, c2)
     }
-    
+
+    /// BCH-01-010: Securely clear sensitive cryptographic state
+    /// Called after split() to clear chaining key and hash per Noise spec
+    func clearSensitiveData() {
+        // Clear chaining key by overwriting with zeros
+        let chainingKeyCount = chainingKey.count
+        chainingKey = Data(repeating: 0, count: chainingKeyCount)
+
+        // Clear hash by overwriting with zeros
+        let hashCount = hash.count
+        hash = Data(repeating: 0, count: hashCount)
+
+        // Clear the internal cipher state
+        cipherState.clearSensitiveData()
+    }
+
+    deinit {
+        clearSensitiveData()
+    }
+
     // HKDF implementation
     private func hkdf(chainingKey: Data, inputKeyMaterial: Data, numOutputs: Int) -> [Data] {
         let tempKey = HMAC<SHA256>.authenticationCode(for: inputKeyMaterial, using: SymmetricKey(data: chainingKey))
@@ -507,16 +549,24 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
     private var messagePatterns: [[NoiseMessagePattern]] = []
     private var currentPattern = 0
     
+    // Test support: predetermined ephemeral keys for test vectors
+    private var predeterminedEphemeralKey: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey?
+    private var prologueData: Data
+    
     init(
         role: NoiseRole,
         pattern: NoisePattern,
         keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol,
         localStaticKey: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey? = nil,
-        remoteStaticKey: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PublicKey? = nil
+        remoteStaticKey: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PublicKey? = nil,
+        prologue: Data = Data(),
+        predeterminedEphemeralKey: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey? = nil
     ) {
         self.role = role
         self.pattern = pattern
         self.keychain = keychain
+        self.prologueData = prologue
+        self.predeterminedEphemeralKey = predeterminedEphemeralKey
         
         // Initialize static keys
         if let localKey = localStaticKey {
@@ -537,8 +587,8 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
     }
     
     private func mixPreMessageKeys() {
-        // Mix prologue (empty for XX pattern normally)
-        symmetricState.mixHash(Data()) // Empty prologue for XX pattern
+        // Mix prologue
+        symmetricState.mixHash(self.prologueData)
         // For XX pattern, no pre-message keys
         // For IK/NK patterns, we'd mix the responder's static key here
         switch pattern {
@@ -546,8 +596,9 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
             break // No pre-message keys
         case .IK, .NK:
             if role == .initiator, let remoteStatic = remoteStaticPublic {
-                _ = symmetricState.getHandshakeHash()
                 symmetricState.mixHash(remoteStatic.rawRepresentation)
+            } else if role == .responder, let localStatic = localStaticPublic {
+                symmetricState.mixHash(localStatic.rawRepresentation)
             }
         }
     }
@@ -556,15 +607,20 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
         guard currentPattern < messagePatterns.count else {
             throw NoiseError.handshakeComplete
         }
-                
+        
         var messageBuffer = Data()
         let patterns = messagePatterns[currentPattern]
         
         for pattern in patterns {
             switch pattern {
             case .e:
-                // Generate ephemeral key
-                localEphemeralPrivate = Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey()
+                // Generate ephemeral key (or use predetermined key for tests)
+                if let predetermined = predeterminedEphemeralKey {
+                    localEphemeralPrivate = predetermined
+                    predeterminedEphemeralKey = nil
+                } else {
+                    localEphemeralPrivate = Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey()
+                }
                 localEphemeralPublic = localEphemeralPrivate!.publicKey
                 messageBuffer.append(localEphemeralPublic!.rawRepresentation)
                 symmetricState.mixHash(localEphemeralPublic!.rawRepresentation)
@@ -597,14 +653,20 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
                         throw NoiseError.missingKeys
                     }
                     let shared = try localEphemeral.sharedSecretFromKeyAgreement(with: remoteStatic)
-                    symmetricState.mixKey(shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) })
+                    var sharedData = shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) }
+                    symmetricState.mixKey(sharedData)
+                    // Clear sensitive shared secret
+                    keychain.secureClear(&sharedData)
                 } else {
                     guard let localStatic = localStaticPrivate,
                           let remoteEphemeral = remoteEphemeralPublic else {
                         throw NoiseError.missingKeys
                     }
                     let shared = try localStatic.sharedSecretFromKeyAgreement(with: remoteEphemeral)
-                    symmetricState.mixKey(shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) })
+                    var sharedData = shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) }
+                    symmetricState.mixKey(sharedData)
+                    // Clear sensitive shared secret
+                    keychain.secureClear(&sharedData)
                 }
                 
             case .se:
@@ -615,14 +677,20 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
                         throw NoiseError.missingKeys
                     }
                     let shared = try localStatic.sharedSecretFromKeyAgreement(with: remoteEphemeral)
-                    symmetricState.mixKey(shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) })
+                    var sharedData = shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) }
+                    symmetricState.mixKey(sharedData)
+                    // Clear sensitive shared secret
+                    keychain.secureClear(&sharedData)
                 } else {
                     guard let localEphemeral = localEphemeralPrivate,
                           let remoteStatic = remoteStaticPublic else {
                         throw NoiseError.missingKeys
                     }
                     let shared = try localEphemeral.sharedSecretFromKeyAgreement(with: remoteStatic)
-                    symmetricState.mixKey(shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) })
+                    var sharedData = shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) }
+                    symmetricState.mixKey(sharedData)
+                    // Clear sensitive shared secret
+                    keychain.secureClear(&sharedData)
                 }
                 
             case .ss:
@@ -652,7 +720,7 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
         guard currentPattern < messagePatterns.count else {
             throw NoiseError.handshakeComplete
         }
-                
+        
         var buffer = message
         let patterns = messagePatterns[currentPattern]
         
@@ -711,8 +779,11 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
                 throw NoiseError.missingKeys
             }
             let shared = try localEphemeral.sharedSecretFromKeyAgreement(with: remoteEphemeral)
-            symmetricState.mixKey(shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) })
-            
+            var sharedData = shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) }
+            symmetricState.mixKey(sharedData)
+            // Clear sensitive shared secret
+            keychain.secureClear(&sharedData)
+
         case .es:
             if role == .initiator {
                 guard let localEphemeral = localEphemeralPrivate,
@@ -765,8 +836,11 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
                 throw NoiseError.missingKeys
             }
             let shared = try localStatic.sharedSecretFromKeyAgreement(with: remoteStatic)
-            symmetricState.mixKey(shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) })
-            
+            var sharedData = shared.withUnsafeBytes { Data($0) }
+            symmetricState.mixKey(sharedData)
+            // Clear sensitive shared secret
+            keychain.secureClear(&sharedData)
+
         case .e, .s:
             break
         }
@@ -776,16 +850,20 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
         return currentPattern >= messagePatterns.count
     }
     
-    func getTransportCiphers() throws -> (send: NoiseCipherState, receive: NoiseCipherState) {
+    func getTransportCiphers(useExtractedNonce: Bool) throws -> (send: NoiseCipherState, receive: NoiseCipherState, handshakeHash: Data) {
         guard isHandshakeComplete() else {
             throw NoiseError.handshakeNotComplete
         }
-        
-        let (c1, c2) = symmetricState.split()
-        
+
+        // BCH-01-010: Capture handshake hash BEFORE split() clears symmetric state
+        let finalHandshakeHash = symmetricState.getHandshakeHash()
+
+        let (c1, c2) = symmetricState.split(useExtractedNonce: useExtractedNonce)
+
         // Initiator uses c1 for sending, c2 for receiving
         // Responder uses c2 for sending, c1 for receiving
-        return role == .initiator ? (c1, c2) : (c2, c1)
+        let ciphers = role == .initiator ? (c1, c2) : (c2, c1)
+        return (send: ciphers.0, receive: ciphers.1, handshakeHash: finalHandshakeHash)
     }
     
     func getRemoteStaticPublicKey() -> Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PublicKey? {
@@ -795,6 +873,20 @@ final class NoiseHandshakeState {
     func getHandshakeHash() -> Data {
         return symmetricState.getHandshakeHash()
     }
+
+    #if DEBUG
+    func performDHOperationForTesting(_ pattern: NoiseMessagePattern) throws {
+        try performDHOperation(pattern)
+    }
+
+    func setCurrentPatternForTesting(_ currentPattern: Int) {
+        self.currentPattern = currentPattern
+    }
+
+    func setRemoteEphemeralPublicKeyForTesting(_ key: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PublicKey?) {
+        self.remoteEphemeralPublic = key
+    }
+    #endif
 }
 
 // MARK: - Pattern Extensions
@@ -846,22 +938,47 @@ enum NoiseError: Error {
     case nonceExceeded
 }
 
+// MARK: - Constant-Time Operations
+
+/// BCH-01-010: Constant-time comparison to prevent timing side-channel attacks
+/// This function compares two Data objects in constant time, preventing
+/// information leakage via timing analysis.
+private func constantTimeCompare(_ a: Data, _ b: Data) -> Bool {
+    guard a.count == b.count else { return false }
+
+    var result: UInt8 = 0
+    for i in 0..<a.count {
+        result |= a[a.startIndex.advanced(by: i)] ^ b[b.startIndex.advanced(by: i)]
+    }
+    return result == 0
+}
+
+/// BCH-01-010: Constant-time check if all bytes are zero
+private func constantTimeIsZero(_ data: Data) -> Bool {
+    var result: UInt8 = 0
+    for byte in data {
+        result |= byte
+    }
+    return result == 0
+}
+
 // MARK: - Key Validation
 
 extension NoiseHandshakeState {
     /// Validate a Curve25519 public key
     /// Checks for weak/invalid keys that could compromise security
+    /// BCH-01-010: Uses constant-time operations to prevent timing side-channels
     static func validatePublicKey(_ keyData: Data) throws -> Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PublicKey {
         // Check key length
         guard keyData.count == 32 else {
             throw NoiseError.invalidPublicKey
         }
-        
-        // Check for all-zero key (point at infinity)
-        if keyData.allSatisfy({ $0 == 0 }) {
+
+        // BCH-01-010: Constant-time check for all-zero key (point at infinity)
+        if constantTimeIsZero(keyData) {
             throw NoiseError.invalidPublicKey
         }
-        
+
         // Check for low-order points that could enable small subgroup attacks
         // These are the known bad points for Curve25519
         let lowOrderPoints: [Data] = [
@@ -882,13 +999,21 @@ extension NoiseHandshakeState {
                   0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
                   0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff])  // Another bad point
         ]
-        
-        // Check against known bad points
-        if lowOrderPoints.contains(keyData) {
+
+        // BCH-01-010: Constant-time check against known bad points
+        // We check all points and accumulate matches to avoid early exit timing leaks
+        var foundBadPoint = false
+        for badPoint in lowOrderPoints {
+            if constantTimeCompare(keyData, badPoint) {
+                foundBadPoint = true
+            }
+        }
+
+        if foundBadPoint {
             SecureLogger.warning("Low-order point detected", category: .security)
             throw NoiseError.invalidPublicKey
         }
-        
+
         // Try to create the key - CryptoKit will validate curve points internally
         do {
             let publicKey = try Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PublicKey(rawRepresentation: keyData)

bitchat/Noise/NoiseRateLimiter.swift

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 //
 
 import BitLogger
+import BitFoundation
 import Foundation
 
 final class NoiseRateLimiter {

bitchat/Noise/NoiseSession.swift

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 import BitLogger
 import Foundation
 import CryptoKit
+import BitFoundation
 
 class NoiseSession {
     let peerID: PeerID
@@ -102,23 +103,23 @@ class NoiseSession {
             
             // Check if handshake is complete
             if handshake.isHandshakeComplete() {
-                // Get transport ciphers
-                let (send, receive) = try handshake.getTransportCiphers()
+                // Get transport ciphers and handshake hash (hash captured before split clears state)
+                let (send, receive, hash) = try handshake.getTransportCiphers(useExtractedNonce: true)
                 sendCipher = send
                 receiveCipher = receive
-                
+
                 // Store remote static key
                 remoteStaticPublicKey = handshake.getRemoteStaticPublicKey()
-                
+
                 // Store handshake hash for channel binding
-                handshakeHash = handshake.getHandshakeHash()
-                
+                handshakeHash = hash
+
                 state = .established
                 handshakeState = nil // Clear handshake state
-                
+
                 SecureLogger.debug("NoiseSession[\(peerID)]: Handshake complete (no response needed), transitioning to established")
                 SecureLogger.info(.handshakeCompleted(peerID: peerID.id))
-                
+
                 return nil
             } else {
                 // Generate response
@@ -128,20 +129,20 @@ class NoiseSession {
                 
                 // Check if handshake is complete after writing
                 if handshake.isHandshakeComplete() {
-                    // Get transport ciphers
-                    let (send, receive) = try handshake.getTransportCiphers()
+                    // Get transport ciphers and handshake hash (hash captured before split clears state)
+                    let (send, receive, hash) = try handshake.getTransportCiphers(useExtractedNonce: true)
                     sendCipher = send
                     receiveCipher = receive
-                    
+
                     // Store remote static key
                     remoteStaticPublicKey = handshake.getRemoteStaticPublicKey()
-                    
+
                     // Store handshake hash for channel binding
-                    handshakeHash = handshake.getHandshakeHash()
-                    
+                    handshakeHash = hash
+
                     state = .established
                     handshakeState = nil // Clear handshake state
-                    
+
                     SecureLogger.debug("NoiseSession[\(peerID)]: Handshake complete after writing response, transitioning to established")
                     SecureLogger.info(.handshakeCompleted(peerID: peerID.id))
                 }

bitchat/Noise/NoiseSessionManager.swift

@@ -9,11 +9,13 @@
 import BitLogger
 import CryptoKit
 import Foundation
+import BitFoundation
 
 final class NoiseSessionManager {
     private var sessions: [PeerID: NoiseSession] = [:]
     private let localStaticKey: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey
     private let keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol
+    private let sessionFactory: (PeerID, NoiseRole) -> NoiseSession
     private let managerQueue = DispatchQueue(label: "chat.bitchat.noise.manager", attributes: .concurrent)
     
     // Callbacks
@@ -23,7 +25,27 @@ final class NoiseSessionManager {
     init(localStaticKey: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey, keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol) {
         self.localStaticKey = localStaticKey
         self.keychain = keychain
+        self.sessionFactory = { peerID, role in
+            SecureNoiseSession(
+                peerID: peerID,
+                role: role,
+                keychain: keychain,
+                localStaticKey: localStaticKey
+            )
+        }
     }
+
+    #if DEBUG
+    init(
+        localStaticKey: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey,
+        keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol,
+        sessionFactory: @escaping (PeerID, NoiseRole) -> NoiseSession
+    ) {
+        self.localStaticKey = localStaticKey
+        self.keychain = keychain
+        self.sessionFactory = sessionFactory
+    }
+    #endif
     
     // MARK: - Session Management
     
@@ -66,12 +88,7 @@ final class NoiseSessionManager {
             }
             
             // Create new initiator session
-            let session = SecureNoiseSession(
-                peerID: peerID,
-                role: .initiator,
-                keychain: keychain,
-                localStaticKey: localStaticKey
-            )
+            let session = sessionFactory(peerID, .initiator)
             sessions[peerID] = session
             
             do {
@@ -117,12 +134,7 @@ final class NoiseSessionManager {
             // Get or create session
             let session: NoiseSession
             if shouldCreateNew {
-                let newSession = SecureNoiseSession(
-                    peerID: peerID,
-                    role: .responder,
-                    keychain: keychain,
-                    localStaticKey: localStaticKey
-                )
+                let newSession = sessionFactory(peerID, .responder)
                 sessions[peerID] = newSession
                 session = newSession
             } else {

bitchat/Noise/SecureNoiseSession.swift

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import Foundation
 
 final class SecureNoiseSession: NoiseSession {
     private(set) var messageCount: UInt64 = 0
-    private let sessionStartTime = Date()
+    private var sessionStartTime = Date()
     private(set) var lastActivityTime = Date()
     
     override func encrypt(_ plaintext: Data) throws -> Data {
@@ -77,5 +77,9 @@ final class SecureNoiseSession: NoiseSession {
     func setMessageCountForTesting(_ count: UInt64) {
         messageCount = count
     }
+
+    func setSessionStartTimeForTesting(_ date: Date) {
+        sessionStartTime = date
+    }
     #endif
 }

bitchat/Nostr/Base64URLCoding.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum Base64URLCoding {
+    static func encode(_ data: Data) -> String {
+        data.base64EncodedString()
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "+", with: "-")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "/", with: "_")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "=", with: "")
+    }
+
+    static func decode(_ string: String) -> Data? {
+        var base64 = string
+        let padding = (4 - (base64.count % 4)) % 4
+        if padding > 0 {
+            base64 += String(repeating: "=", count: padding)
+        }
+        base64 = base64
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "+")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "_", with: "/")
+        return Data(base64Encoded: base64)
+    }
+}

bitchat/Nostr/GeoRelayDirectory.swift

@@ -8,39 +8,154 @@ import AppKit
 #endif
 
 /// Directory of online Nostr relays with approximate GPS locations, used for geohash routing.
+struct GeoRelayDirectoryDependencies {
+    var userDefaults: UserDefaults
+    var notificationCenter: NotificationCenter
+    var now: () -> Date
+    var remoteURL: URL
+    var fetchInterval: TimeInterval
+    var refreshCheckInterval: TimeInterval
+    var retryInitialSeconds: TimeInterval
+    var retryMaxSeconds: TimeInterval
+    var awaitTorReady: @Sendable () async -> Bool
+    var makeFetchData: @MainActor @Sendable () -> (@Sendable (URLRequest) async throws -> Data)
+    var readData: (URL) -> Data?
+    var writeData: (Data, URL) throws -> Void
+    var cacheURL: () -> URL?
+    var bundledCSVURLs: () -> [URL]
+    var currentDirectoryPath: () -> String?
+    var retrySleep: (TimeInterval) async -> Void
+    var activeNotificationName: Notification.Name?
+    var autoStart: Bool
+}
+
+private extension GeoRelayDirectoryDependencies {
+    @MainActor
+    static func live() -> Self {
+#if os(iOS)
+        let activeNotificationName: Notification.Name? = UIApplication.didBecomeActiveNotification
+#elseif os(macOS)
+        let activeNotificationName: Notification.Name? = NSApplication.didBecomeActiveNotification
+#else
+        let activeNotificationName: Notification.Name? = nil
+#endif
+
+        return Self(
+            userDefaults: .standard,
+            notificationCenter: .default,
+            now: Date.init,
+            remoteURL: URL(string: "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/permissionlesstech/georelays/refs/heads/main/nostr_relays.csv")!,
+            fetchInterval: TransportConfig.geoRelayFetchIntervalSeconds,
+            refreshCheckInterval: TransportConfig.geoRelayRefreshCheckIntervalSeconds,
+            retryInitialSeconds: TransportConfig.geoRelayRetryInitialSeconds,
+            retryMaxSeconds: TransportConfig.geoRelayRetryMaxSeconds,
+            awaitTorReady: { await TorManager.shared.awaitReady() },
+            makeFetchData: {
+                let session = TorURLSession.shared.session
+                return { request in
+                    let (data, _) = try await session.data(for: request)
+                    return data
+                }
+            },
+            readData: { try? Data(contentsOf: $0) },
+            writeData: { data, url in
+                try data.write(to: url, options: .atomic)
+            },
+            cacheURL: {
+                do {
+                    let base = try FileManager.default.url(
+                        for: .applicationSupportDirectory,
+                        in: .userDomainMask,
+                        appropriateFor: nil,
+                        create: true
+                    )
+                    let dir = base.appendingPathComponent("bitchat", isDirectory: true)
+                    try? FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: dir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+                    return dir.appendingPathComponent("georelays_cache.csv")
+                } catch {
+                    return nil
+                }
+            },
+            bundledCSVURLs: {
+                [
+                    Bundle.main.url(forResource: "nostr_relays", withExtension: "csv"),
+                    Bundle.main.url(forResource: "online_relays_gps", withExtension: "csv"),
+                    Bundle.main.url(forResource: "online_relays_gps", withExtension: "csv", subdirectory: "relays")
+                ].compactMap { $0 }
+            },
+            currentDirectoryPath: { FileManager.default.currentDirectoryPath },
+            retrySleep: { delay in
+                let nanoseconds = UInt64(delay * 1_000_000_000)
+                try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: nanoseconds)
+            },
+            activeNotificationName: activeNotificationName,
+            autoStart: true
+        )
+    }
+}
+
 @MainActor
 final class GeoRelayDirectory {
-    struct Entry: Hashable {
+    private final class CleanupState {
+        let notificationCenter: NotificationCenter
+        var observers: [NSObjectProtocol] = []
+        var refreshTimer: Timer?
+        var retryTask: Task<Void, Never>?
+
+        init(notificationCenter: NotificationCenter) {
+            self.notificationCenter = notificationCenter
+        }
+
+        deinit {
+            observers.forEach { notificationCenter.removeObserver($0) }
+            refreshTimer?.invalidate()
+            retryTask?.cancel()
+        }
+    }
+
+    struct Entry: Hashable, Sendable {
         let host: String
         let lat: Double
         let lon: Double
     }
 
+    private enum DetachedFetchOutcome: Sendable {
+        case success(entries: [Entry], csv: String)
+        case torNotReady
+        case invalidData
+        case network(String)
+    }
+
     static let shared = GeoRelayDirectory()
 
     private(set) var entries: [Entry] = []
-    private let cacheFileName = "georelays_cache.csv"
     private let lastFetchKey = "georelay.lastFetchAt"
-    private let remoteURL = URL(string: "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/permissionlesstech/georelays/refs/heads/main/nostr_relays.csv")!
-    private let fetchInterval: TimeInterval = TransportConfig.geoRelayFetchIntervalSeconds
+    private let dependencies: GeoRelayDirectoryDependencies
+    private let cleanupState: CleanupState
 
-    private var refreshTimer: Timer?
-    private var retryTask: Task<Void, Never>?
     private var retryAttempt: Int = 0
     private var isFetching: Bool = false
-    private var observers: [NSObjectProtocol] = []
 
     private init() {
+        self.dependencies = .live()
+        self.cleanupState = CleanupState(notificationCenter: dependencies.notificationCenter)
         entries = loadLocalEntries()
-        registerObservers()
-        startRefreshTimer()
-        prefetchIfNeeded()
+        if dependencies.autoStart {
+            registerObservers()
+            startRefreshTimer()
+            prefetchIfNeeded()
+        }
     }
 
-    deinit {
-        observers.forEach { NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver($0) }
-        refreshTimer?.invalidate()
-        retryTask?.cancel()
+    internal init(dependencies: GeoRelayDirectoryDependencies) {
+        self.dependencies = dependencies
+        self.cleanupState = CleanupState(notificationCenter: dependencies.notificationCenter)
+        entries = loadLocalEntries()
+        if dependencies.autoStart {
+            registerObservers()
+            startRefreshTimer()
+            prefetchIfNeeded()
+        }
     }
 
     /// Returns up to `count` relay URLs (wss://) closest to the geohash center.
@@ -83,13 +198,13 @@ final class GeoRelayDirectory {
     func prefetchIfNeeded(force: Bool = false) {
         guard !isFetching else { return }
 
-        let now = Date()
-        let last = UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: lastFetchKey) as? Date ?? .distantPast
+        let now = dependencies.now()
+        let last = dependencies.userDefaults.object(forKey: lastFetchKey) as? Date ?? .distantPast
 
         if !force {
-            guard now.timeIntervalSince(last) >= fetchInterval else { return }
+            guard now.timeIntervalSince(last) >= dependencies.fetchInterval else { return }
         } else if last != .distantPast,
-                  now.timeIntervalSince(last) < TransportConfig.geoRelayRetryInitialSeconds {
+                  now.timeIntervalSince(last) < dependencies.retryInitialSeconds {
             // Skip forced fetches if we just refreshed moments ago.
             return
         }
@@ -103,51 +218,73 @@ final class GeoRelayDirectory {
         isFetching = true
 
         let request = URLRequest(
-            url: remoteURL,
+            url: dependencies.remoteURL,
             cachePolicy: .reloadIgnoringLocalCacheData,
             timeoutInterval: 15
         )
+        let awaitTorReady = dependencies.awaitTorReady
+        let fetchData = dependencies.makeFetchData()
 
-        Task.detached { [weak self] in
+        Task { [weak self] in
             guard let self else { return }
 
-            let ready = await TorManager.shared.awaitReady()
-            if !ready {
-                await self.handleFetchFailure(.torNotReady)
-                return
-            }
+            let outcome = await Self.fetchRemoteOutcome(
+                request: request,
+                awaitTorReady: awaitTorReady,
+                fetchData: fetchData
+            )
 
-            do {
-                let (data, _) = try await TorURLSession.shared.session.data(for: request)
-                guard let text = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) else {
-                    await self.handleFetchFailure(.invalidData)
-                    return
-                }
-
-                let parsed = GeoRelayDirectory.parseCSV(text)
-                guard !parsed.isEmpty else {
-                    await self.handleFetchFailure(.invalidData)
-                    return
-                }
-
-                await self.handleFetchSuccess(entries: parsed, csv: text)
-            } catch {
-                await self.handleFetchFailure(.network(error))
+            switch outcome {
+            case .success(let parsed, let csv):
+                self.handleFetchSuccess(entries: parsed, csv: csv)
+            case .torNotReady:
+                self.handleFetchFailure(.torNotReady)
+            case .invalidData:
+                self.handleFetchFailure(.invalidData)
+            case .network(let description):
+                self.handleFetchFailure(.network(description))
             }
         }
     }
 
+    nonisolated private static func fetchRemoteOutcome(
+        request: URLRequest,
+        awaitTorReady: @escaping @Sendable () async -> Bool,
+        fetchData: @escaping @Sendable (URLRequest) async throws -> Data
+    ) async -> DetachedFetchOutcome {
+        await Task.detached(priority: .utility) {
+            let ready = await awaitTorReady()
+            guard ready else { return .torNotReady }
+
+            do {
+                let data = try await fetchData(request)
+                guard let text = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) else {
+                    return .invalidData
+                }
+
+                let parsed = Self.parseCSV(text)
+                guard !parsed.isEmpty else {
+                    return .invalidData
+                }
+
+                return .success(entries: parsed, csv: text)
+            } catch {
+                return .network(error.localizedDescription)
+            }
+        }.value
+    }
+
     private enum FetchFailure {
         case torNotReady
         case invalidData
-        case network(Error)
+        case network(String)
     }
 
     @MainActor
     private func handleFetchSuccess(entries parsed: [Entry], csv: String) {
         entries = parsed
         persistCache(csv)
-        UserDefaults.standard.set(Date(), forKey: lastFetchKey)
+        dependencies.userDefaults.set(dependencies.now(), forKey: lastFetchKey)
         SecureLogger.info("GeoRelayDirectory: refreshed \(parsed.count) relays from remote", category: .session)
         isFetching = false
         retryAttempt = 0
@@ -161,8 +298,8 @@ final class GeoRelayDirectory {
             SecureLogger.warning("GeoRelayDirectory: Tor not ready; scheduling retry", category: .session)
         case .invalidData:
             SecureLogger.warning("GeoRelayDirectory: remote fetch returned invalid data; scheduling retry", category: .session)
-        case .network(let error):
-            SecureLogger.warning("GeoRelayDirectory: remote fetch failed with error: \(error.localizedDescription)", category: .session)
+        case .network(let errorDescription):
+            SecureLogger.warning("GeoRelayDirectory: remote fetch failed with error: \(errorDescription)", category: .session)
         }
         isFetching = false
         scheduleRetry()
@@ -171,32 +308,34 @@ final class GeoRelayDirectory {
     @MainActor
     private func scheduleRetry() {
         retryAttempt = min(retryAttempt + 1, 10)
-        let base = TransportConfig.geoRelayRetryInitialSeconds
-        let maxDelay = TransportConfig.geoRelayRetryMaxSeconds
+        let base = dependencies.retryInitialSeconds
+        let maxDelay = dependencies.retryMaxSeconds
         let multiplier = pow(2.0, Double(max(retryAttempt - 1, 0)))
         let calculated = base * multiplier
         let delay = min(maxDelay, max(base, calculated))
 
         cancelRetry()
-        retryTask = Task { [weak self] in
-            let nanoseconds = UInt64(delay * 1_000_000_000)
-            try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: nanoseconds)
+        cleanupState.retryTask = Task { [weak self] in
+            guard let self else { return }
+            await self.dependencies.retrySleep(delay)
+            guard !Task.isCancelled else { return }
             await MainActor.run {
-                self?.prefetchIfNeeded(force: true)
+                self.prefetchIfNeeded(force: true)
             }
         }
     }
 
     @MainActor
     private func cancelRetry() {
-        retryTask?.cancel()
-        retryTask = nil
+        cleanupState.retryTask?.cancel()
+        cleanupState.retryTask = nil
     }
 
     private func persistCache(_ text: String) {
-        guard let url = cacheURL() else { return }
+        guard let url = dependencies.cacheURL() else { return }
+        guard let data = text.data(using: .utf8) else { return }
         do {
-            try text.data(using: .utf8)?.write(to: url, options: .atomic)
+            try dependencies.writeData(data, url)
         } catch {
             SecureLogger.warning("GeoRelayDirectory: failed to write cache: \(error)", category: .session)
         }
@@ -205,22 +344,18 @@ final class GeoRelayDirectory {
     // MARK: - Loading
     private func loadLocalEntries() -> [Entry] {
         // Prefer cached file if present
-        if let cache = cacheURL(),
-           let data = try? Data(contentsOf: cache),
+        if let cache = dependencies.cacheURL(),
+           let data = dependencies.readData(cache),
            let text = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) {
             let arr = Self.parseCSV(text)
             if !arr.isEmpty { return arr }
         }
 
         // Try bundled resource(s)
-        let bundleCandidates = [
-            Bundle.main.url(forResource: "nostr_relays", withExtension: "csv"),
-            Bundle.main.url(forResource: "online_relays_gps", withExtension: "csv"),
-            Bundle.main.url(forResource: "online_relays_gps", withExtension: "csv", subdirectory: "relays")
-        ].compactMap { $0 }
+        let bundleCandidates = dependencies.bundledCSVURLs()
 
         for url in bundleCandidates {
-            if let data = try? Data(contentsOf: url),
+            if let data = dependencies.readData(url),
                let text = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) {
                 let arr = Self.parseCSV(text)
                 if !arr.isEmpty { return arr }
@@ -228,8 +363,8 @@ final class GeoRelayDirectory {
         }
 
         // Try filesystem path (development/test)
-        if let cwd = FileManager.default.currentDirectoryPath as String?,
-           let data = try? Data(contentsOf: URL(fileURLWithPath: cwd).appendingPathComponent("relays/online_relays_gps.csv")),
+        if let cwd = dependencies.currentDirectoryPath(),
+           let data = dependencies.readData(URL(fileURLWithPath: cwd).appendingPathComponent("relays/online_relays_gps.csv")),
            let text = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) {
             return Self.parseCSV(text)
         }
@@ -242,42 +377,20 @@ final class GeoRelayDirectory {
         var result: Set<Entry> = []
         let lines = text.split(whereSeparator: { $0.isNewline })
         for (idx, raw) in lines.enumerated() {
-            let line = raw.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
-            if line.isEmpty { continue }
+            guard let line = raw.trimmedOrNilIfEmpty else { continue }
             if idx == 0 && line.lowercased().contains("relay url") { continue }
-            let parts = line.split(separator: ",").map { String($0).trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces) }
+            let parts = line.split(separator: ",").map { $0.trimmed }
             guard parts.count >= 3 else { continue }
-            var host = parts[0]
-            host = host.replacingOccurrences(of: "https://", with: "")
-            host = host.replacingOccurrences(of: "http://", with: "")
-            host = host.replacingOccurrences(of: "wss://", with: "")
-            host = host.replacingOccurrences(of: "ws://", with: "")
-            host = host.trimmingCharacters(in: CharacterSet(charactersIn: "/"))
+            guard let host = NostrRelayURL.directoryAddress(parts[0]) else { continue }
             guard let lat = Double(parts[1]), let lon = Double(parts[2]) else { continue }
             result.insert(Entry(host: host, lat: lat, lon: lon))
         }
         return Array(result)
     }
 
-    private func cacheURL() -> URL? {
-        do {
-            let base = try FileManager.default.url(
-                for: .applicationSupportDirectory,
-                in: .userDomainMask,
-                appropriateFor: nil,
-                create: true
-            )
-            let dir = base.appendingPathComponent("bitchat", isDirectory: true)
-            try? FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: dir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
-            return dir.appendingPathComponent(cacheFileName)
-        } catch {
-            return nil
-        }
-    }
-
     // MARK: - Observers & Timers
     private func registerObservers() {
-        let center = NotificationCenter.default
+        let center = dependencies.notificationCenter
 
         let torReady = center.addObserver(
             forName: .TorDidBecomeReady,
@@ -289,38 +402,26 @@ final class GeoRelayDirectory {
                 self.prefetchIfNeeded(force: true)
             }
         }
-        observers.append(torReady)
+        cleanupState.observers.append(torReady)
 
-#if os(iOS)
-        let didBecomeActive = center.addObserver(
-            forName: UIApplication.didBecomeActiveNotification,
-            object: nil,
-            queue: .main
-        ) { [weak self] _ in
-            guard let self else { return }
-            Task { @MainActor in
-                self.prefetchIfNeeded()
+        if let activeNotificationName = dependencies.activeNotificationName {
+            let didBecomeActive = center.addObserver(
+                forName: activeNotificationName,
+                object: nil,
+                queue: .main
+            ) { [weak self] _ in
+                guard let self else { return }
+                Task { @MainActor in
+                    self.prefetchIfNeeded()
+                }
             }
+            cleanupState.observers.append(didBecomeActive)
         }
-        observers.append(didBecomeActive)
-#elseif os(macOS)
-        let didBecomeActive = center.addObserver(
-            forName: NSApplication.didBecomeActiveNotification,
-            object: nil,
-            queue: .main
-        ) { [weak self] _ in
-            guard let self else { return }
-            Task { @MainActor in
-                self.prefetchIfNeeded()
-            }
-        }
-        observers.append(didBecomeActive)
-#endif
     }
 
     private func startRefreshTimer() {
-        refreshTimer?.invalidate()
-        let interval = TransportConfig.geoRelayRefreshCheckIntervalSeconds
+        cleanupState.refreshTimer?.invalidate()
+        let interval = dependencies.refreshCheckInterval
         guard interval > 0 else { return }
 
         let timer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: interval, repeats: true) { [weak self] _ in
@@ -329,9 +430,13 @@ final class GeoRelayDirectory {
                 self.prefetchIfNeeded()
             }
         }
-        refreshTimer = timer
+        cleanupState.refreshTimer = timer
         RunLoop.main.add(timer, forMode: .common)
     }
+
+    var debugRetryAttempt: Int { retryAttempt }
+    var debugHasRetryTask: Bool { cleanupState.retryTask != nil }
+    var debugObserverCount: Int { cleanupState.observers.count }
 }
 
 // MARK: - Distance

bitchat/Nostr/KeychainHelper.swift

@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-import Foundation
-
-protocol KeychainHelperProtocol {
-    func save(key: String, data: Data, service: String, accessible: CFString?)
-    func load(key: String, service: String) -> Data?
-    func delete(key: String, service: String)
-}
-
-/// Keychain helper for secure storage
-struct KeychainHelper: KeychainHelperProtocol {
-    func save(key: String, data: Data, service: String, accessible: CFString? = nil) {
-        var query: [String: Any] = [
-            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
-            kSecAttrService as String: service,
-            kSecAttrAccount as String: key,
-            kSecValueData as String: data
-        ]
-        if let accessible = accessible {
-            query[kSecAttrAccessible as String] = accessible
-        }
-        
-        SecItemDelete(query as CFDictionary)
-        SecItemAdd(query as CFDictionary, nil)
-    }
-    
-    func load(key: String, service: String) -> Data? {
-        let query: [String: Any] = [
-            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
-            kSecAttrService as String: service,
-            kSecAttrAccount as String: key,
-            kSecReturnData as String: true
-        ]
-        
-        var result: AnyObject?
-        let status = SecItemCopyMatching(query as CFDictionary, &result)
-        
-        guard status == errSecSuccess else { return nil }
-        return result as? Data
-    }
-    
-    func delete(key: String, service: String) {
-        let query: [String: Any] = [
-            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
-            kSecAttrService as String: service,
-            kSecAttrAccount as String: key
-        ]
-        
-        SecItemDelete(query as CFDictionary)
-    }
-}

bitchat/Nostr/NostrEmbeddedBitChat.swift

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import Foundation
+import BitFoundation
 
 // MARK: - BitChat-over-Nostr Adapter
 

bitchat/Nostr/NostrIdentityBridge.swift

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import BitFoundation
 import Foundation
 import CryptoKit
 
@@ -12,9 +13,9 @@ final class NostrIdentityBridge {
     private var derivedIdentityCache: [String: NostrIdentity] = [:]
     private let cacheLock = NSLock()
 
-    private let keychain: KeychainHelperProtocol
+    private let keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol
 
-    init(keychain: KeychainHelperProtocol = KeychainHelper()) {
+    init(keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol = KeychainManager()) {
         self.keychain = keychain
     }
     

bitchat/Nostr/NostrProtocol.swift

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ struct NostrProtocol {
         case seal = 13 // NIP-17 sealed event
         case giftWrap = 1059 // NIP-59 gift wrap
         case ephemeralEvent = 20000
+        case geohashPresence = 20001
     }
     
     /// Create a NIP-17 private message
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ struct NostrProtocol {
         teleported: Bool = false
     ) throws -> NostrEvent {
         var tags = [["g", geohash]]
-        if let nickname = nickname?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines), !nickname.isEmpty {
+        if let nickname = nickname?.trimmedOrNilIfEmpty {
             tags.append(["n", nickname])
         }
         if teleported {
@@ -125,6 +126,24 @@ struct NostrProtocol {
         return try event.sign(with: schnorrKey)
     }
 
+    /// Create a geohash presence heartbeat (kind 20001)
+    /// Must contain empty content and NO nickname tag
+    static func createGeohashPresenceEvent(
+        geohash: String,
+        senderIdentity: NostrIdentity
+    ) throws -> NostrEvent {
+        let tags = [["g", geohash]]
+        let event = NostrEvent(
+            pubkey: senderIdentity.publicKeyHex,
+            createdAt: Date(),
+            kind: .geohashPresence,
+            tags: tags,
+            content: ""
+        )
+        let schnorrKey = try senderIdentity.schnorrSigningKey()
+        return try event.sign(with: schnorrKey)
+    }
+
     /// Create a persistent location note (kind 1: text note) tagged to a street-level geohash.
     static func createGeohashTextNote(
         content: String,
@@ -133,7 +152,7 @@ struct NostrProtocol {
         nickname: String? = nil
     ) throws -> NostrEvent {
         var tags = [["g", geohash]]
-        if let nickname = nickname?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines), !nickname.isEmpty {
+        if let nickname = nickname?.trimmedOrNilIfEmpty {
             tags.append(["n", nickname])
         }
         let event = NostrEvent(
@@ -284,7 +303,7 @@ struct NostrProtocol {
         combined.append(nonce24)
         combined.append(sealed.ciphertext)
         combined.append(sealed.tag)
-        return "v2:" + base64URLEncode(combined)
+        return "v2:" + Base64URLCoding.encode(combined)
     }
     
     private static func decrypt(
@@ -295,7 +314,7 @@ struct NostrProtocol {
         // Expect NIP-44 v2 format
         guard ciphertext.hasPrefix("v2:") else { throw NostrError.invalidCiphertext }
         let encoded = String(ciphertext.dropFirst(3))
-        guard let data = base64URLDecode(encoded),
+        guard let data = Base64URLCoding.decode(encoded),
               data.count > (24 + 16),
               let senderPubkeyData = Data(hexString: senderPubkey) else {
             throw NostrError.invalidCiphertext
@@ -509,6 +528,26 @@ struct NostrEvent: Codable {
         signed.sig = signatureHex
         return signed
     }
+
+    /// Validate that the event ID and Schnorr signature match the content and pubkey.
+    /// Returns false when the signature is missing, malformed, or does not verify.
+    func isValidSignature() -> Bool {
+        guard let sig = sig,
+              let sigData = Data(hexString: sig),
+              let pubData = Data(hexString: pubkey),
+              sigData.count == 64,
+              pubData.count == 32,
+              let signature = try? P256K.Schnorr.SchnorrSignature(dataRepresentation: sigData),
+              let (expectedId, eventHash) = try? calculateEventId(),
+              expectedId == id
+        else {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        var messageBytes = [UInt8](eventHash)
+        let xonly = P256K.Schnorr.XonlyKey(dataRepresentation: pubData)
+        return xonly.isValid(signature, for: &messageBytes)
+    }
     
     private func calculateEventId() throws -> (String, Data) {
         let serialized = [
@@ -541,24 +580,9 @@ enum NostrError: Error {
     case encryptionFailed
 }
 
-// MARK: - NIP-44 v2 helpers (XChaCha20-Poly1305 + base64url)
+// MARK: - NIP-44 v2 helpers (XChaCha20-Poly1305)
 
 private extension NostrProtocol {
-    static func base64URLEncode(_ data: Data) -> String {
-        return data.base64EncodedString()
-            .replacingOccurrences(of: "+", with: "-")
-            .replacingOccurrences(of: "/", with: "_")
-            .replacingOccurrences(of: "=", with: "")
-    }
-
-    static func base64URLDecode(_ s: String) -> Data? {
-        var str = s
-        let pad = (4 - (str.count % 4)) % 4
-        if pad > 0 { str += String(repeating: "=", count: pad) }
-        str = str.replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "+").replacingOccurrences(of: "_", with: "/")
-        return Data(base64Encoded: str)
-    }
-
     static func deriveNIP44V2Key(from sharedSecretData: Data) throws -> Data {
         let derivedKey = HKDF<CryptoKit.SHA256>.deriveKey(
             inputKeyMaterial: SymmetricKey(data: sharedSecretData),

bitchat/Nostr/NostrRelayManager.swift

@@ -4,6 +4,100 @@ import Network
 import Combine
 import Tor
 
+protocol NostrRelayConnectionProtocol: AnyObject {
+    func resume()
+    func cancel(with closeCode: URLSessionWebSocketTask.CloseCode, reason: Data?)
+    func send(_ message: URLSessionWebSocketTask.Message, completionHandler: @escaping (Error?) -> Void)
+    func receive(completionHandler: @escaping (Result<URLSessionWebSocketTask.Message, Error>) -> Void)
+    func sendPing(pongReceiveHandler: @escaping (Error?) -> Void)
+}
+
+protocol NostrRelaySessionProtocol {
+    func webSocketTask(with url: URL) -> NostrRelayConnectionProtocol
+}
+
+private final class URLSessionWebSocketTaskAdapter: NostrRelayConnectionProtocol {
+    private let base: URLSessionWebSocketTask
+
+    init(base: URLSessionWebSocketTask) {
+        self.base = base
+    }
+
+    func resume() {
+        base.resume()
+    }
+
+    func cancel(with closeCode: URLSessionWebSocketTask.CloseCode, reason: Data?) {
+        base.cancel(with: closeCode, reason: reason)
+    }
+
+    func send(_ message: URLSessionWebSocketTask.Message, completionHandler: @escaping (Error?) -> Void) {
+        base.send(message, completionHandler: completionHandler)
+    }
+
+    func receive(completionHandler: @escaping (Result<URLSessionWebSocketTask.Message, Error>) -> Void) {
+        base.receive(completionHandler: completionHandler)
+    }
+
+    func sendPing(pongReceiveHandler: @escaping (Error?) -> Void) {
+        base.sendPing(pongReceiveHandler: pongReceiveHandler)
+    }
+}
+
+private struct URLSessionAdapter: NostrRelaySessionProtocol {
+    let base: URLSession
+
+    func webSocketTask(with url: URL) -> NostrRelayConnectionProtocol {
+        URLSessionWebSocketTaskAdapter(base: base.webSocketTask(with: url))
+    }
+}
+
+struct NostrRelayManagerDependencies {
+    var activationAllowed: () -> Bool
+    var userTorEnabled: () -> Bool
+    var hasMutualFavorites: () -> Bool
+    var hasLocationPermission: () -> Bool
+    var mutualFavoritesPublisher: AnyPublisher<Set<Data>, Never>
+    var locationPermissionPublisher: AnyPublisher<LocationChannelManager.PermissionState, Never>
+    var torEnforced: () -> Bool
+    var torIsReady: () -> Bool
+    var torIsForeground: () -> Bool
+    var awaitTorReady: (@escaping (Bool) -> Void) -> Void
+    var makeSession: () -> NostrRelaySessionProtocol
+    var scheduleAfter: @Sendable (TimeInterval, @escaping @Sendable () -> Void) -> Void
+    var now: () -> Date
+}
+
+private extension NostrRelayManagerDependencies {
+    @MainActor
+    static func live() -> Self {
+        Self(
+            activationAllowed: { NetworkActivationService.shared.activationAllowed },
+            userTorEnabled: { NetworkActivationService.shared.userTorEnabled },
+            hasMutualFavorites: { !FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.mutualFavorites.isEmpty },
+            hasLocationPermission: { LocationChannelManager.shared.permissionState == .authorized },
+            mutualFavoritesPublisher: FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.$mutualFavorites.eraseToAnyPublisher(),
+            locationPermissionPublisher: LocationChannelManager.shared.$permissionState.eraseToAnyPublisher(),
+            torEnforced: { TorManager.shared.torEnforced },
+            torIsReady: { TorManager.shared.isReady },
+            torIsForeground: { TorManager.shared.isForeground() },
+            awaitTorReady: { completion in
+                Task.detached {
+                    let ready = await TorManager.shared.awaitReady()
+                    await MainActor.run {
+                        completion(ready)
+                    }
+                }
+            },
+            makeSession: { URLSessionAdapter(base: TorURLSession.shared.session) },
+            scheduleAfter: { delay, action in
+                DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + delay, execute: action)
+            },
+            now: Date.init
+        )
+    }
+}
+
 /// Manages WebSocket connections to Nostr relays
 @MainActor
 final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
@@ -27,31 +121,40 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         var nextReconnectTime: Date?
     }
     
-    // Default relay list (can be customized)
+    // Default relays carry NIP-17 gift wraps, so avoid relays known to reject kind 1059.
     private static let defaultRelays = [
         "wss://relay.damus.io",
         "wss://nos.lol",
         "wss://relay.primal.net",
-        "wss://offchain.pub",
-        "wss://nostr21.com"
+        "wss://offchain.pub"
         // For local testing, you can add: "ws://localhost:8080"
     ]
-    private static let defaultRelaySet = Set(defaultRelays)
+    private static let defaultRelaySet = Set(defaultRelays.compactMap { NostrRelayURL.normalized($0) })
     
     @Published private(set) var relays: [Relay] = []
     @Published private(set) var isConnected = false
     
+    private let dependencies: NostrRelayManagerDependencies
     private var allowDefaultRelays: Bool = false
     private var hasMutualFavorites: Bool = false
     private var hasLocationPermission: Bool = false
-    private var connections: [String: URLSessionWebSocketTask] = [:]
+    private var connections: [String: NostrRelayConnectionProtocol] = [:]
     private var subscriptions: [String: Set<String>] = [:] // relay URL -> active subscription IDs
     private var pendingSubscriptions: [String: [String: String]] = [:] // relay URL -> (subscription id -> encoded REQ JSON)
     private var messageHandlers: [String: (NostrEvent) -> Void] = [:]
-    // Coalesce duplicate subscribe requests for the same id within a short window
+    // Coalesce duplicate subscribe requests for the same id within a short window.
+    private let subscribeCoalesceInterval: TimeInterval = 1.0
     private var subscribeCoalesce: [String: Date] = [:]
+    private var pendingTorConnectionURLs = Set<String>()
+    private var awaitingTorForConnections = false
     private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
 
+    private struct SubscriptionRequestState: Equatable {
+        let messageString: String
+        let relayURLs: Set<String>
+    }
+    private var subscriptionRequestState: [String: SubscriptionRequestState] = [:]
+
     // Track EOSE per subscription to signal when initial stored events are done
     private struct EOSETracker {
         var pendingRelays: Set<String>
@@ -59,6 +162,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         var timer: Timer?
     }
     private var eoseTrackers: [String: EOSETracker] = [:]
+    private var pendingEOSECallbacks: [String: () -> Void] = [:]
     
     // Message queue for reliability
     // Pending sends held only for relays that are not yet connected.
@@ -69,9 +173,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
     private var messageQueue: [PendingSend] = []
     private let messageQueueLock = NSLock()
     private let encoder = JSONEncoder()
-    private let decoder = JSONDecoder()
-    private var networkService: NetworkActivationService { NetworkActivationService.shared }
-    private var shouldUseTor: Bool { networkService.userTorEnabled }
+    private var shouldUseTor: Bool { dependencies.userTorEnabled() }
     
     // Exponential backoff configuration
     private let initialBackoffInterval: TimeInterval = TransportConfig.nostrRelayInitialBackoffSeconds
@@ -79,18 +181,17 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
     private let backoffMultiplier: Double = TransportConfig.nostrRelayBackoffMultiplier
     private let maxReconnectAttempts = TransportConfig.nostrRelayMaxReconnectAttempts
     
-    // Reconnection timer
-    private var reconnectionTimer: Timer?
     // Bump generation to invalidate scheduled reconnects when we reset/disconnect
     private var connectionGeneration: Int = 0
     
     init() {
-        hasMutualFavorites = !FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.mutualFavorites.isEmpty
-        hasLocationPermission = LocationChannelManager.shared.permissionState == .authorized
+        self.dependencies = .live()
+        hasMutualFavorites = dependencies.hasMutualFavorites()
+        hasLocationPermission = dependencies.hasLocationPermission()
         applyDefaultRelayPolicy(force: true)
         // Deterministic JSON shape for outbound requests
         self.encoder.outputFormatting = .sortedKeys
-        FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.$mutualFavorites
+        dependencies.mutualFavoritesPublisher
             .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
             .sink { [weak self] favorites in
                 guard let self = self else { return }
@@ -98,7 +199,34 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
                 self.applyDefaultRelayPolicy()
             }
             .store(in: &cancellables)
-        LocationChannelManager.shared.$permissionState
+        dependencies.locationPermissionPublisher
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] state in
+                guard let self = self else { return }
+                let authorized = (state == .authorized)
+                if authorized == self.hasLocationPermission { return }
+                self.hasLocationPermission = authorized
+                self.applyDefaultRelayPolicy()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+    }
+
+    internal init(dependencies: NostrRelayManagerDependencies) {
+        self.dependencies = dependencies
+        hasMutualFavorites = dependencies.hasMutualFavorites()
+        hasLocationPermission = dependencies.hasLocationPermission()
+        applyDefaultRelayPolicy(force: true)
+        // Deterministic JSON shape for outbound requests
+        self.encoder.outputFormatting = .sortedKeys
+        dependencies.mutualFavoritesPublisher
+            .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
+            .sink { [weak self] favorites in
+                guard let self = self else { return }
+                self.hasMutualFavorites = !favorites.isEmpty
+                self.applyDefaultRelayPolicy()
+            }
+            .store(in: &cancellables)
+        dependencies.locationPermissionPublisher
             .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
             .sink { [weak self] state in
                 guard let self = self else { return }
@@ -113,28 +241,8 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
     /// Connect to all configured relays
     func connect() {
         // Global network policy gate
-        guard networkService.activationAllowed else { return }
-        if shouldUseTor {
-            // Ensure Tor is started early and wait for readiness off-main; then hop back to connect.
-            Task.detached {
-                let ready = await TorManager.shared.awaitReady()
-                await MainActor.run {
-                    if !ready {
-                        SecureLogger.error("❌ Tor not ready; aborting relay connections (fail-closed)", category: .session)
-                        return
-                    }
-                    SecureLogger.debug("🌐 Connecting to \(self.relays.count) Nostr relays (via Tor)", category: .session)
-                    for relay in self.relays {
-                        self.connectToRelay(relay.url)
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            SecureLogger.debug("🌐 Connecting to \(self.relays.count) Nostr relays (direct)", category: .session)
-            for relay in self.relays {
-                connectToRelay(relay.url)
-            }
-        }
+        guard dependencies.activationAllowed() else { return }
+        connectToRelays(relays.map(\.url), shouldLog: true)
     }
     
     /// Disconnect from all relays
@@ -147,44 +255,40 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         // Clear known subscriptions and any queued subs since connections are gone
         subscriptions.removeAll()
         pendingSubscriptions.removeAll()
+        subscriptionRequestState.removeAll()
+        pendingEOSECallbacks.removeAll()
+        for (_, tracker) in eoseTrackers {
+            tracker.timer?.invalidate()
+        }
+        eoseTrackers.removeAll()
+        pendingTorConnectionURLs.removeAll()
+        awaitingTorForConnections = false
         updateConnectionStatus()
     }
     
     /// Ensure connections exist to the given relay URLs (idempotent).
     func ensureConnections(to relayUrls: [String]) {
         // Global network policy gate
-        guard networkService.activationAllowed else { return }
+        guard dependencies.activationAllowed() else { return }
         let targets = allowedRelayList(from: relayUrls)
         guard !targets.isEmpty else { return }
-        if shouldUseTor && TorManager.shared.torEnforced && !TorManager.shared.isReady {
-            // Defer until Tor is fully ready; avoid queuing connection attempts early
-            Task.detached { [weak self] in
-                guard let self = self else { return }
-                let ready = await TorManager.shared.awaitReady()
-                await MainActor.run { if ready { self.ensureConnections(to: relayUrls) } }
-            }
-            return
-        }
         var existing = Set(relays.map { $0.url })
         for url in targets where !existing.contains(url) {
             relays.append(Relay(url: url))
             existing.insert(url)
         }
-        for url in targets where connections[url] == nil {
-            connectToRelay(url)
-        }
+        connectToRelays(targets)
     }
 
     /// Send an event to specified relays (or all if none specified)
     func sendEvent(_ event: NostrEvent, to relayUrls: [String]? = nil) {
         // Global network policy gate
-        guard networkService.activationAllowed else { return }
-        if shouldUseTor && TorManager.shared.torEnforced && !TorManager.shared.isReady {
+        guard dependencies.activationAllowed() else { return }
+        if shouldUseTor && dependencies.torEnforced() && !dependencies.torIsReady() {
             // Defer sends until Tor is ready to avoid premature queueing
-            Task.detached { [weak self] in
+            dependencies.awaitTorReady { [weak self] ready in
                 guard let self = self else { return }
-                let ready = await TorManager.shared.awaitReady()
-                await MainActor.run { if ready { self.sendEvent(event, to: relayUrls) } }
+                if ready { self.sendEvent(event, to: relayUrls) }
             }
             return
         }
@@ -196,7 +300,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         // Attempt immediate send to relays with active connections; queue the rest
         var stillPending = Set<String>()
         for relayUrl in targetRelays {
-            if let connection = connections[relayUrl] {
+            if let connection = connectedConnection(for: relayUrl) {
                 sendToRelay(event: event, connection: connection, relayUrl: relayUrl)
             } else {
                 stillPending.insert(relayUrl)
@@ -218,7 +322,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
             // Flush only for a specific relay
             for i in (0..<messageQueue.count).reversed() {
                 var item = messageQueue[i]
-                if item.pendingRelays.contains(target), let conn = connections[target] {
+                if item.pendingRelays.contains(target), let conn = connectedConnection(for: target) {
                     sendToRelay(event: item.event, connection: conn, relayUrl: target)
                     item.pendingRelays.remove(target)
                     if item.pendingRelays.isEmpty {
@@ -233,7 +337,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
             for i in (0..<messageQueue.count).reversed() {
                 var item = messageQueue[i]
                 for url in item.pendingRelays {
-                    if let conn = connections[url] {
+                    if let conn = connectedConnection(for: url) {
                         sendToRelay(event: item.event, connection: conn, relayUrl: url)
                         item.pendingRelays.remove(url)
                     }
@@ -246,6 +350,14 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    private func connectedConnection(for relayUrl: String) -> NostrRelayConnectionProtocol? {
+        guard let connection = connections[relayUrl],
+              relays.first(where: { $0.url == relayUrl })?.isConnected == true else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        return connection
+    }
     
     /// Subscribe to events matching a filter. If `relayUrls` provided, targets only those relays.
     func subscribe(
@@ -256,28 +368,13 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         onEOSE: (() -> Void)? = nil
     ) {
         // Global network policy gate
-        guard networkService.activationAllowed else { return }
-        // Coalesce rapid duplicate subscribe requests only if a handler already exists
-        let now = Date()
-        if messageHandlers[id] != nil {
-            if let last = subscribeCoalesce[id], now.timeIntervalSince(last) < 1.0 {
-                return
-            }
-        }
-        subscribeCoalesce[id] = now
-        if shouldUseTor && TorManager.shared.torEnforced && !TorManager.shared.isReady {
-            // Defer subscription setup until Tor is ready; avoid queuing subs early
-            Task.detached { [weak self] in
-                guard let self = self else { return }
-                let ready = await TorManager.shared.awaitReady()
-                await MainActor.run {
-                    if ready {
-                        self.subscribe(filter: filter, id: id, relayUrls: relayUrls, handler: handler)
-                    }
-                }
-            }
+        guard dependencies.activationAllowed() else { return }
+        // Coalesce rapid duplicate subscribe requests even while Tor readiness is pending.
+        let now = dependencies.now()
+        if let last = subscribeCoalesce[id], now.timeIntervalSince(last) < subscribeCoalesceInterval {
             return
         }
+        subscribeCoalesce[id] = now
         messageHandlers[id] = handler
         
         let req = NostrRequest.subscribe(id: id, filters: [filter])
@@ -293,14 +390,20 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
             
             // Target specific relays if provided; else default. Filter permanently failed relays.
             let baseUrls = relayUrls ?? Self.defaultRelays
-            let candidateUrls = baseUrls.filter { !isPermanentlyFailed($0) }
-            let urls = allowedRelayList(from: candidateUrls)
+            let urls = allowedRelayList(from: baseUrls).filter { !isPermanentlyFailed($0) }
+            let requestState = SubscriptionRequestState(messageString: messageString, relayURLs: Set(urls))
+            if subscriptionRequestState[id] == requestState, subscriptionStateExists(id: id, requestState: requestState) {
+                return
+            }
+            subscriptionRequestState[id] = requestState
+
             // Always queue subscriptions; sending happens when a relay reports connected
-            let existingSet = Set(relays.map { $0.url })
+            var existingSet = Set(relays.map { $0.url })
             for url in urls where !existingSet.contains(url) {
                 relays.append(Relay(url: url))
+                existingSet.insert(url)
             }
-            for url in candidateUrls {
+            for url in urls {
                 var map = self.pendingSubscriptions[url] ?? [:]
                 map[id] = messageString
                 self.pendingSubscriptions[url] = map
@@ -309,20 +412,10 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
             if let onEOSE = onEOSE {
                 if urls.isEmpty {
                     onEOSE()
+                } else if shouldWaitForTorBeforeConnecting {
+                    pendingEOSECallbacks[id] = onEOSE
                 } else {
-                    var tracker = EOSETracker(pendingRelays: Set(urls), callback: onEOSE, timer: nil)
-                    // Fallback timeout to avoid hanging if a relay never sends EOSE
-                    tracker.timer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: 2.0, repeats: false) { [weak self] _ in
-                        Task { @MainActor in
-                            guard let self = self else { return }
-                            if let t = self.eoseTrackers[id] {
-                                t.timer?.invalidate()
-                                self.eoseTrackers.removeValue(forKey: id)
-                                onEOSE()
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                    eoseTrackers[id] = tracker
+                    startEOSETracking(id: id, relayURLs: Set(urls), callback: onEOSE)
                 }
             }
             SecureLogger.debug("📋 Queued subscription id=\(id) for \(urls.count) relay(s)", category: .session)
@@ -349,7 +442,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
                 relays.append(Relay(url: url))
                 existing.insert(url)
             }
-            if networkService.activationAllowed {
+            if dependencies.activationAllowed() {
                 ensureConnections(to: Self.defaultRelays)
             }
         } else {
@@ -359,6 +452,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
                 }
                 connections.removeValue(forKey: url)
                 subscriptions.removeValue(forKey: url)
+                pendingSubscriptions.removeValue(forKey: url)
             }
             messageQueueLock.lock()
             for index in (0..<messageQueue.count).reversed() {
@@ -379,7 +473,8 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
     private func allowedRelayList(from urls: [String]) -> [String] {
         var seen = Set<String>()
         var result: [String] = []
-        for url in urls {
+        for rawURL in urls {
+            guard let url = NostrRelayURL.normalized(rawURL) else { continue }
             if !allowDefaultRelays && Self.defaultRelaySet.contains(url) { continue }
             if seen.insert(url).inserted {
                 result.append(url)
@@ -393,6 +488,13 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         messageHandlers.removeValue(forKey: id)
         // Allow immediate re-subscription by clearing coalescer timestamp
         subscribeCoalesce.removeValue(forKey: id)
+        subscriptionRequestState.removeValue(forKey: id)
+        pendingEOSECallbacks.removeValue(forKey: id)
+        eoseTrackers[id]?.timer?.invalidate()
+        eoseTrackers.removeValue(forKey: id)
+        for url in Array(pendingSubscriptions.keys) {
+            pendingSubscriptions[url]?.removeValue(forKey: id)
+        }
         
         let req = NostrRequest.close(id: id)
         let message = try? encoder.encode(req)
@@ -403,27 +505,120 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         // Send unsubscribe to all relays
         for (relayUrl, connection) in connections {
             if subscriptions[relayUrl]?.contains(id) == true {
+                subscriptions[relayUrl]?.remove(id)
                 connection.send(.string(messageString)) { _ in
-                    Task { @MainActor in
-                        self.subscriptions[relayUrl]?.remove(id)
-                    }
+                    // Local state is cleared before sending so callers can re-subscribe immediately.
                 }
             }
         }
     }
     
     // MARK: - Private Methods
+
+    private var shouldWaitForTorBeforeConnecting: Bool {
+        shouldUseTor && !dependencies.torIsReady()
+    }
+
+    private func connectToRelays(_ relayUrls: [String], shouldLog: Bool = false) {
+        guard dependencies.activationAllowed() else { return }
+        let targets = allowedRelayList(from: relayUrls).filter {
+            connections[$0] == nil && !isPermanentlyFailed($0)
+        }
+        guard !targets.isEmpty else { return }
+
+        if shouldWaitForTorBeforeConnecting {
+            queueConnectionsUntilTorReady(targets)
+            return
+        }
+
+        if shouldLog {
+            let route = shouldUseTor ? "via Tor" : "direct"
+            SecureLogger.debug("🌐 Connecting to \(targets.count) Nostr relay(s) (\(route))", category: .session)
+        }
+
+        for url in targets {
+            connectToRelay(url)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func queueConnectionsUntilTorReady(_ relayUrls: [String]) {
+        let targets = allowedRelayList(from: relayUrls).filter {
+            connections[$0] == nil && !isPermanentlyFailed($0)
+        }
+        guard !targets.isEmpty else { return }
+
+        pendingTorConnectionURLs.formUnion(targets)
+        guard !awaitingTorForConnections else { return }
+
+        awaitingTorForConnections = true
+        let generation = connectionGeneration
+        dependencies.awaitTorReady { [weak self] ready in
+            guard let self else { return }
+            guard generation == self.connectionGeneration else { return }
+
+            let pending = Array(self.pendingTorConnectionURLs)
+            self.pendingTorConnectionURLs.removeAll()
+            self.awaitingTorForConnections = false
+
+            guard ready else {
+                SecureLogger.error("❌ Tor not ready; aborting relay connections (fail-closed)", category: .session)
+                return
+            }
+
+            self.connectToRelays(pending, shouldLog: true)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func subscriptionStateExists(id: String, requestState: SubscriptionRequestState) -> Bool {
+        guard !requestState.relayURLs.isEmpty else { return true }
+        return requestState.relayURLs.allSatisfy { url in
+            pendingSubscriptions[url]?[id] == requestState.messageString ||
+                subscriptions[url]?.contains(id) == true
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func startEOSETracking(id: String, relayURLs: Set<String>, callback: @escaping () -> Void) {
+        eoseTrackers[id]?.timer?.invalidate()
+        var tracker = EOSETracker(pendingRelays: relayURLs, callback: callback, timer: nil)
+        // Fallback timeout to avoid hanging if a relay never sends EOSE.
+        tracker.timer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: 2.0, repeats: false) { [weak self] _ in
+            Task { @MainActor in
+                guard let self else { return }
+                if let tracker = self.eoseTrackers[id] {
+                    tracker.timer?.invalidate()
+                    self.eoseTrackers.removeValue(forKey: id)
+                    callback()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        eoseTrackers[id] = tracker
+    }
+
+    private func startPendingEOSETrackingIfNeeded(id: String) {
+        guard eoseTrackers[id] == nil,
+              let callback = pendingEOSECallbacks.removeValue(forKey: id),
+              let requestState = subscriptionRequestState[id]
+        else {
+            return
+        }
+
+        if requestState.relayURLs.isEmpty {
+            callback()
+        } else {
+            startEOSETracking(id: id, relayURLs: requestState.relayURLs, callback: callback)
+        }
+    }
     
     private func connectToRelay(_ urlString: String) {
         // Global network policy gate
-        guard networkService.activationAllowed else { return }
+        guard dependencies.activationAllowed() else { return }
         guard let url = URL(string: urlString) else { 
             SecureLogger.warning("Invalid relay URL: \(urlString)", category: .session)
             return 
         }
 
         // Avoid initiating connections while app is backgrounded; we'll reconnect on foreground
-        if shouldUseTor && TorManager.shared.torEnforced && !TorManager.shared.isForeground() {
+        if shouldUseTor && dependencies.torEnforced() && !dependencies.torIsForeground() {
             return
         }
         
@@ -438,19 +633,12 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         // Attempting to connect to Nostr relay via the proxied session
         
         // If Tor is enforced but not ready, delay connection until it is.
-        if shouldUseTor && TorManager.shared.torEnforced && !TorManager.shared.isReady {
-            Task.detached { [weak self] in
-                guard let self = self else { return }
-                let ready = await TorManager.shared.awaitReady()
-                await MainActor.run {
-                    if ready { self.connectToRelay(urlString) }
-                    else { SecureLogger.error("❌ Tor not ready; skipping connection to \(urlString)", category: .session) }
-                }
-            }
+        if shouldWaitForTorBeforeConnecting {
+            queueConnectionsUntilTorReady([urlString])
             return
         }
         
-        let session = TorURLSession.shared.session
+        let session = dependencies.makeSession()
         let task = session.webSocketTask(with: url)
         
         connections[urlString] = task
@@ -483,6 +671,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         guard let connection = connections[relayUrl] else { return }
         for (id, messageString) in map {
             if self.subscriptions[relayUrl]?.contains(id) == true { continue }
+            startPendingEOSETrackingIfNeeded(id: id)
             connection.send(.string(messageString)) { error in
                 if let error = error {
                     SecureLogger.error("❌ Failed to send pending subscription to \(relayUrl): \(error)", category: .session)
@@ -498,7 +687,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         pendingSubscriptions[relayUrl] = nil
     }
     
-    private func receiveMessage(from task: URLSessionWebSocketTask, relayUrl: String) {
+    private func receiveMessage(from task: NostrRelayConnectionProtocol, relayUrl: String) {
         task.receive { [weak self] result in
             guard let self = self else { return }
             
@@ -508,7 +697,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
                 Task.detached(priority: .utility) {
                     guard let parsed = ParsedInbound(message) else { return }
                     await MainActor.run {
-                        NostrRelayManager.shared.handleParsedMessage(parsed, from: relayUrl)
+                        self.handleParsedMessage(parsed, from: relayUrl)
                     }
                 }
                 
@@ -562,9 +751,9 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
             } else {
                 let isGiftWrap = Self.pendingGiftWrapIDs.remove(eventId) != nil
                 if isGiftWrap {
-                    SecureLogger.warning("📮 Rejected id=\(eventId.prefix(16))… reason=\(reason)", category: .session)
+                    SecureLogger.warning("📮 Rejected id=\(eventId.prefix(16))… relay=\(relayUrl) reason=\(reason)", category: .session)
                 } else {
-                    SecureLogger.error("📮 Rejected id=\(eventId.prefix(16))… reason=\(reason)", category: .session)
+                    SecureLogger.error("📮 Rejected id=\(eventId.prefix(16))… relay=\(relayUrl) reason=\(reason)", category: .session)
                 }
             }
         case .notice:
@@ -572,7 +761,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
         }
     }
     
-    private func sendToRelay(event: NostrEvent, connection: URLSessionWebSocketTask, relayUrl: String) {
+    private func sendToRelay(event: NostrEvent, connection: NostrRelayConnectionProtocol, relayUrl: String) {
         let req = NostrRequest.event(event)
         
         do {
@@ -604,11 +793,11 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
             relays[index].isConnected = isConnected
             relays[index].lastError = error
             if isConnected {
-                relays[index].lastConnectedAt = Date()
+                relays[index].lastConnectedAt = dependencies.now()
                 relays[index].reconnectAttempts = 0  // Reset on successful connection
                 relays[index].nextReconnectTime = nil
             } else {
-                relays[index].lastDisconnectedAt = Date()
+                relays[index].lastDisconnectedAt = dependencies.now()
             }
         }
         updateConnectionStatus()
@@ -624,7 +813,7 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
     
     private func handleDisconnection(relayUrl: String, error: Error) {
         // If networking is disallowed, do not schedule reconnection
-        if !networkService.activationAllowed {
+        if !dependencies.activationAllowed() {
             connections.removeValue(forKey: relayUrl)
             subscriptions.removeValue(forKey: relayUrl)
             updateRelayStatus(relayUrl, isConnected: false, error: error)
@@ -669,19 +858,21 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
             maxBackoffInterval
         )
         
-        let nextReconnectTime = Date().addingTimeInterval(backoffInterval)
+        let nextReconnectTime = dependencies.now().addingTimeInterval(backoffInterval)
         relays[index].nextReconnectTime = nextReconnectTime
         
         
         // Schedule reconnection with exponential backoff
         let gen = connectionGeneration
-        DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + backoffInterval) { [weak self] in
-            guard let self = self else { return }
-            // Ignore stale scheduled reconnects from a previous generation
-            guard gen == self.connectionGeneration else { return }
-            // Check if we should still reconnect (relay might have been removed)
-            if self.relays.contains(where: { $0.url == relayUrl }) {
-                self.connectToRelay(relayUrl)
+        dependencies.scheduleAfter(backoffInterval) { [weak self] in
+            Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+                guard let self = self else { return }
+                // Ignore stale scheduled reconnects from a previous generation
+                guard gen == self.connectionGeneration else { return }
+                // Check if we should still reconnect (relay might have been removed)
+                if self.relays.contains(where: { $0.url == relayUrl }) {
+                    self.connectToRelay(relayUrl)
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -690,20 +881,22 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
     
     /// Manually retry connection to a specific relay
     func retryConnection(to relayUrl: String) {
-        guard let index = relays.firstIndex(where: { $0.url == relayUrl }) else { return }
+        let normalizedRelayUrl = NostrRelayURL.normalized(relayUrl) ?? relayUrl
+        guard let index = relays.firstIndex(where: { $0.url == normalizedRelayUrl }) else { return }
         
         // Reset reconnection attempts
         relays[index].reconnectAttempts = 0
         relays[index].nextReconnectTime = nil
+        relays[index].lastError = nil
         
         // Disconnect if connected
-        if let connection = connections[relayUrl] {
+        if let connection = connections[normalizedRelayUrl] {
             connection.cancel(with: .goingAway, reason: nil)
-            connections.removeValue(forKey: relayUrl)
+            connections.removeValue(forKey: normalizedRelayUrl)
         }
         
         // Attempt immediate reconnection
-        connectToRelay(relayUrl)
+        connectToRelay(normalizedRelayUrl)
     }
     
     /// Get detailed status for all relays
@@ -715,6 +908,20 @@ final class NostrRelayManager: ObservableObject {
              nextReconnectTime: relay.nextReconnectTime)
         }
     }
+
+    var debugPendingMessageQueueCount: Int {
+        messageQueueLock.lock()
+        defer { messageQueueLock.unlock() }
+        return messageQueue.count
+    }
+
+    func debugPendingSubscriptionCount(for relayUrl: String) -> Int {
+        pendingSubscriptions[relayUrl]?.count ?? 0
+    }
+
+    func debugFlushMessageQueue() {
+        flushMessageQueue(for: nil)
+    }
     
     /// Reset all relay connections
     func resetAllConnections() {
@@ -767,7 +974,8 @@ private enum ParsedInbound {
             if array.count >= 3,
                let subId = array[1] as? String,
                let eventDict = array[2] as? [String: Any],
-               let event = try? NostrEvent(from: eventDict) {
+               let event = try? NostrEvent(from: eventDict),
+               event.isValidSignature() {
                 self = .event(subId: subId, event: event)
                 return
             }
@@ -887,10 +1095,10 @@ struct NostrFilter: Encodable {
         return filter
     }
 
-    // For location channels: geohash-scoped ephemeral events (kind 20000)
-    static func geohashEphemeral(_ geohash: String, since: Date? = nil, limit: Int = 200) -> NostrFilter {
+    // For location channels: geohash-scoped ephemeral events (kind 20000) and presence (kind 20001)
+    static func geohashEphemeral(_ geohash: String, since: Date? = nil, limit: Int = 1000) -> NostrFilter {
         var filter = NostrFilter()
-        filter.kinds = [20000]
+        filter.kinds = [20000, 20001]
         filter.since = since?.timeIntervalSince1970.toInt()
         filter.tagFilters = ["g": [geohash]]
         filter.limit = limit

bitchat/Nostr/NostrRelayURL.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum NostrRelayURL {
+    static func normalized(_ rawValue: String, defaultScheme: String? = nil) -> String? {
+        var value = rawValue.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        guard !value.isEmpty else { return nil }
+
+        if !value.contains("://"), let defaultScheme {
+            value = "\(defaultScheme)://\(value)"
+        }
+
+        guard var components = URLComponents(string: value),
+              let rawScheme = components.scheme?.lowercased(),
+              let rawHost = components.host?.lowercased(),
+              !rawHost.isEmpty else {
+            return nil
+        }
+
+        switch rawScheme {
+        case "wss", "https":
+            components.scheme = "wss"
+            if components.port == 443 {
+                components.port = nil
+            }
+        case "ws", "http":
+            components.scheme = "ws"
+            if components.port == 80 {
+                components.port = nil
+            }
+        default:
+            return nil
+        }
+
+        components.host = rawHost
+        if components.path == "/" {
+            components.path = ""
+        }
+        components.fragment = nil
+
+        return components.string
+    }
+
+    static func directoryAddress(_ rawValue: String) -> String? {
+        guard var normalized = normalized(rawValue, defaultScheme: "wss") else { return nil }
+        for prefix in ["wss://", "ws://"] where normalized.hasPrefix(prefix) {
+            normalized.removeFirst(prefix.count)
+            break
+        }
+        return normalized
+    }
+}

bitchat/Nostr/XChaCha20Poly1305Compat.swift

@@ -5,16 +5,27 @@ import CryptoKit
 /// Implements HChaCha20 to derive a subkey and reduces the 24-byte nonce to a 12-byte nonce
 /// as per XChaCha20 construction.
 enum XChaCha20Poly1305Compat {
+
+    /// Errors that can occur during XChaCha20-Poly1305 operations
+    enum Error: Swift.Error {
+        case invalidKeyLength(expected: Int, got: Int)
+        case invalidNonceLength(expected: Int, got: Int)
+    }
+
     struct SealBox {
         let ciphertext: Data
         let tag: Data
     }
 
     static func seal(plaintext: Data, key: Data, nonce24: Data, aad: Data? = nil) throws -> SealBox {
-        precondition(key.count == 32, "XChaCha20 key must be 32 bytes")
-        precondition(nonce24.count == 24, "XChaCha20 nonce must be 24 bytes")
+        guard key.count == 32 else {
+            throw Error.invalidKeyLength(expected: 32, got: key.count)
+        }
+        guard nonce24.count == 24 else {
+            throw Error.invalidNonceLength(expected: 24, got: nonce24.count)
+        }
 
-        let subkey = hchacha20(key: key, nonce16: nonce24.prefix(16))
+        let subkey = try hchacha20(key: key, nonce16: Data(nonce24.prefix(16)))
         let nonce12 = derive12ByteNonce(from24: nonce24)
         let chachaKey = SymmetricKey(data: subkey)
         let nonce = try ChaChaPoly.Nonce(data: nonce12)
@@ -23,10 +34,14 @@ enum XChaCha20Poly1305Compat {
     }
 
     static func open(ciphertext: Data, tag: Data, key: Data, nonce24: Data, aad: Data? = nil) throws -> Data {
-        precondition(key.count == 32, "XChaCha20 key must be 32 bytes")
-        precondition(nonce24.count == 24, "XChaCha20 nonce must be 24 bytes")
+        guard key.count == 32 else {
+            throw Error.invalidKeyLength(expected: 32, got: key.count)
+        }
+        guard nonce24.count == 24 else {
+            throw Error.invalidNonceLength(expected: 24, got: nonce24.count)
+        }
 
-        let subkey = hchacha20(key: key, nonce16: nonce24.prefix(16))
+        let subkey = try hchacha20(key: key, nonce16: Data(nonce24.prefix(16)))
         let nonce12 = derive12ByteNonce(from24: nonce24)
         let chachaKey = SymmetricKey(data: subkey)
         let box = try ChaChaPoly.SealedBox(nonce: ChaChaPoly.Nonce(data: nonce12), ciphertext: ciphertext, tag: tag)
@@ -43,10 +58,14 @@ enum XChaCha20Poly1305Compat {
         return out
     }
 
-    private static func hchacha20(key: Data, nonce16: Data) -> Data {
+    private static func hchacha20(key: Data, nonce16: Data) throws -> Data {
         // HChaCha20 based on the original ChaCha20 core with a 16-byte nonce.
-        precondition(key.count == 32)
-        precondition(nonce16.count == 16)
+        guard key.count == 32 else {
+            throw Error.invalidKeyLength(expected: 32, got: key.count)
+        }
+        guard nonce16.count == 16 else {
+            throw Error.invalidNonceLength(expected: 16, got: nonce16.count)
+        }
 
         // Constants "expand 32-byte k"
         var state: [UInt32] = [

bitchat/Protocols/BitchatFilePacket.swift

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 //
 
 import Foundation
+import BitFoundation
 import BitLogger
 
 /// TLV payload for Bluetooth mesh file transfers (voice notes, images, generic files).

bitchat/Protocols/BitchatProtocol.swift

@@ -60,40 +60,7 @@
 
 import Foundation
 import CoreBluetooth
-
-// MARK: - Message Types
-
-/// Simplified BitChat protocol message types.
-/// Reduced from 24 types to just 6 essential ones.
-/// All private communication metadata (receipts, status) is embedded in noiseEncrypted payloads.
-enum MessageType: UInt8 {
-    // Public messages (unencrypted)
-    case announce = 0x01        // "I'm here" with nickname
-    case message = 0x02         // Public chat message  
-    case leave = 0x03           // "I'm leaving"
-    case requestSync = 0x21     // GCS filter-based sync request (local-only)
-    
-    // Noise encryption
-    case noiseHandshake = 0x10  // Handshake (init or response determined by payload)
-    case noiseEncrypted = 0x11  // All encrypted payloads (messages, receipts, etc.)
-    
-    // Fragmentation (simplified)
-    case fragment = 0x20        // Single fragment type for large messages
-    case fileTransfer = 0x22    // Binary file/audio/image payloads
-    
-    var description: String {
-        switch self {
-        case .announce: return "announce"
-        case .message: return "message"
-        case .leave: return "leave"
-        case .requestSync: return "requestSync"
-        case .noiseHandshake: return "noiseHandshake"
-        case .noiseEncrypted: return "noiseEncrypted"
-        case .fragment: return "fragment"
-        case .fileTransfer: return "fileTransfer"
-        }
-    }
-}
+import BitFoundation
 
 // MARK: - Noise Payload Types
 
@@ -131,35 +98,6 @@ enum LazyHandshakeState {
     case failed(Error)         // Handshake failed
 }
 
-// MARK: - Delivery Status
-
-// Delivery status for messages
-enum DeliveryStatus: Codable, Equatable, Hashable {
-    case sending
-    case sent  // Left our device
-    case delivered(to: String, at: Date)  // Confirmed by recipient
-    case read(by: String, at: Date)  // Seen by recipient
-    case failed(reason: String)
-    case partiallyDelivered(reached: Int, total: Int)  // For rooms
-    
-    var displayText: String {
-        switch self {
-        case .sending:
-            return "Sending..."
-        case .sent:
-            return "Sent"
-        case .delivered(let nickname, _):
-            return "Delivered to \(nickname)"
-        case .read(let nickname, _):
-            return "Read by \(nickname)"
-        case .failed(let reason):
-            return "Failed: \(reason)"
-        case .partiallyDelivered(let reached, let total):
-            return "Delivered to \(reached)/\(total)"
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 // MARK: - Delegate Protocol
 
 protocol BitchatDelegate: AnyObject {

bitchat/Protocols/LocationChannel.swift

@@ -116,4 +116,18 @@ enum ChannelID: Equatable, Codable {
         case .location(let ch): return ch.geohash
         }
     }
+    
+    var isMesh: Bool {
+        switch self {
+        case .mesh:     true
+        case .location: false
+        }
+    }
+    
+    var isLocation: Bool {
+        switch self {
+        case .mesh:     false
+        case .location: true
+        }
+    }
 }

bitchat/Protocols/Packets.swift

@@ -6,11 +6,13 @@ struct AnnouncementPacket {
     let nickname: String
     let noisePublicKey: Data            // Noise static public key (Curve25519.KeyAgreement)
     let signingPublicKey: Data          // Ed25519 public key for signing
+    let directNeighbors: [Data]?        // 8-byte peer IDs
 
     private enum TLVType: UInt8 {
         case nickname = 0x01
         case noisePublicKey = 0x02
         case signingPublicKey = 0x03
+        case directNeighbors = 0x04
     }
 
     func encode() -> Data? {
@@ -35,6 +37,16 @@ struct AnnouncementPacket {
         data.append(TLVType.signingPublicKey.rawValue)
         data.append(UInt8(signingPublicKey.count))
         data.append(signingPublicKey)
+        
+        // TLV for direct neighbors (optional)
+        if let neighbors = directNeighbors, !neighbors.isEmpty {
+            let neighborsData = neighbors.prefix(10).reduce(Data()) { $0 + $1 }
+            if !neighborsData.isEmpty && neighborsData.count % 8 == 0 {
+                data.append(TLVType.directNeighbors.rawValue)
+                data.append(UInt8(neighborsData.count))
+                data.append(neighborsData)
+            }
+        }
 
         return data
     }
@@ -44,6 +56,7 @@ struct AnnouncementPacket {
         var nickname: String?
         var noisePublicKey: Data?
         var signingPublicKey: Data?
+        var directNeighbors: [Data]?
 
         while offset + 2 <= data.count {
             let typeRaw = data[offset]
@@ -63,6 +76,17 @@ struct AnnouncementPacket {
                     noisePublicKey = Data(value)
                 case .signingPublicKey:
                     signingPublicKey = Data(value)
+                case .directNeighbors:
+                    if length > 0 && length % 8 == 0 {
+                        var neighbors = [Data]()
+                        let count = length / 8
+                        for i in 0..<count {
+                            let start = value.startIndex + i * 8
+                            let end = start + 8
+                            neighbors.append(Data(value[start..<end]))
+                        }
+                        directNeighbors = neighbors
+                    }
                 }
             } else {
                 // Unknown TLV; skip (tolerant decoder for forward compatibility)
@@ -74,7 +98,8 @@ struct AnnouncementPacket {
         return AnnouncementPacket(
             nickname: nickname,
             noisePublicKey: noisePublicKey,
-            signingPublicKey: signingPublicKey
+            signingPublicKey: signingPublicKey,
+            directNeighbors: directNeighbors
         )
     }
 }

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEAnnounceHandlingPolicy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEAnnouncePreflightAcceptance {
+    let announcement: AnnouncementPacket
+    let derivedPeerID: PeerID
+}
+
+enum BLEAnnouncePreflightRejection: Equatable {
+    case malformed
+    case senderMismatch(derivedPeerID: PeerID)
+    case selfAnnounce
+    case stale(ageSeconds: Double)
+}
+
+enum BLEAnnouncePreflightDecision {
+    case accept(BLEAnnouncePreflightAcceptance)
+    case reject(BLEAnnouncePreflightRejection)
+}
+
+enum BLEAnnouncePreflightPolicy {
+    static func evaluate(
+        packet: BitchatPacket,
+        from peerID: PeerID,
+        localPeerID: PeerID,
+        now: Date
+    ) -> BLEAnnouncePreflightDecision {
+        guard let announcement = AnnouncementPacket.decode(from: packet.payload) else {
+            return .reject(.malformed)
+        }
+
+        let derivedPeerID = PeerID(publicKey: announcement.noisePublicKey)
+        guard derivedPeerID == peerID else {
+            return .reject(.senderMismatch(derivedPeerID: derivedPeerID))
+        }
+
+        guard peerID != localPeerID else {
+            return .reject(.selfAnnounce)
+        }
+
+        guard !BLEPacketFreshnessPolicy.isStale(timestampMilliseconds: packet.timestamp, now: now) else {
+            return .reject(.stale(ageSeconds: BLEPacketFreshnessPolicy.ageSeconds(
+                timestampMilliseconds: packet.timestamp,
+                now: now
+            )))
+        }
+
+        return .accept(BLEAnnouncePreflightAcceptance(
+            announcement: announcement,
+            derivedPeerID: derivedPeerID
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+enum BLEAnnounceTrustRejection: Equatable {
+    case missingSignature
+    case invalidSignature
+    case keyMismatch
+}
+
+enum BLEAnnounceTrustDecision: Equatable {
+    case verified
+    case reject(BLEAnnounceTrustRejection)
+
+    var isVerified: Bool {
+        self == .verified
+    }
+}
+
+enum BLEAnnounceTrustPolicy {
+    static func evaluate(
+        hasSignature: Bool,
+        signatureValid: Bool,
+        existingNoisePublicKey: Data?,
+        announcedNoisePublicKey: Data
+    ) -> BLEAnnounceTrustDecision {
+        if let existingNoisePublicKey, existingNoisePublicKey != announcedNoisePublicKey {
+            return .reject(.keyMismatch)
+        }
+
+        guard hasSignature else {
+            return .reject(.missingSignature)
+        }
+
+        guard signatureValid else {
+            return .reject(.invalidSignature)
+        }
+
+        return .verified
+    }
+}
+
+struct BLEAnnounceResponsePlan: Equatable {
+    let shouldNotifyPeerConnected: Bool
+    let shouldScheduleInitialSync: Bool
+    let shouldSendAnnounceBack: Bool
+    let shouldScheduleAfterglow: Bool
+}
+
+enum BLEAnnounceResponsePolicy {
+    static func plan(
+        isDirectAnnounce: Bool,
+        isNewPeer: Bool,
+        isReconnectedPeer: Bool,
+        shouldSendAnnounceBack: Bool
+    ) -> BLEAnnounceResponsePlan {
+        let shouldNotifyPeerConnected = isDirectAnnounce && (isNewPeer || isReconnectedPeer)
+
+        return BLEAnnounceResponsePlan(
+            shouldNotifyPeerConnected: shouldNotifyPeerConnected,
+            shouldScheduleInitialSync: shouldNotifyPeerConnected,
+            shouldSendAnnounceBack: shouldSendAnnounceBack,
+            shouldScheduleAfterglow: isNewPeer
+        )
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEAnnounceThrottle.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEAnnounceThrottle {
+    private var lastSent: Date
+    private let normalMinimumInterval: TimeInterval
+    private let forcedMinimumInterval: TimeInterval
+
+    init(
+        lastSent: Date = .distantPast,
+        normalMinimumInterval: TimeInterval = TransportConfig.bleAnnounceMinInterval,
+        forcedMinimumInterval: TimeInterval = TransportConfig.bleForceAnnounceMinIntervalSeconds
+    ) {
+        self.lastSent = lastSent
+        self.normalMinimumInterval = normalMinimumInterval
+        self.forcedMinimumInterval = forcedMinimumInterval
+    }
+
+    func elapsed(since now: Date) -> TimeInterval {
+        now.timeIntervalSince(lastSent)
+    }
+
+    mutating func shouldSend(force: Bool, now: Date) -> Bool {
+        let minimumInterval = force ? forcedMinimumInterval : normalMinimumInterval
+        guard elapsed(since: now) >= minimumInterval else {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        lastSent = now
+        return true
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEConnectionScheduler.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEConnectionCandidate<Peripheral> {
+    let peripheral: Peripheral
+    let peripheralID: String
+    let rssi: Int
+    let name: String
+    let isConnectable: Bool
+    let discoveredAt: Date
+}
+
+struct BLEExistingConnectionState {
+    let isConnecting: Bool
+    let isConnected: Bool
+    let lastConnectionAttempt: Date?
+}
+
+enum BLEPeripheralConnectionState {
+    case disconnected
+    case connecting
+    case connected
+}
+
+enum BLEDiscoveryDecision: Equatable {
+    case ignore
+    case queued
+    case scheduleRetry(after: TimeInterval)
+    case cancelStaleConnection
+    case connectNow
+}
+
+enum BLEConnectionQueueDecision<Peripheral> {
+    case none
+    case retryAfter(TimeInterval)
+    case connect(BLEConnectionCandidate<Peripheral>)
+}
+
+final class BLEConnectionScheduler<Peripheral> {
+    private let maxCentralLinks: Int
+    private let connectRateLimitInterval: TimeInterval
+    private let candidateCap: Int
+    private let weakLinkCooldownSeconds: TimeInterval
+    private let weakLinkRSSICutoff: Int
+    private let recentTimeoutWindowSeconds: TimeInterval
+    private let recentTimeoutCountThreshold: Int
+
+    private var lastGlobalConnectAttempt: Date = .distantPast
+    private var candidates: [BLEConnectionCandidate<Peripheral>] = []
+    private var failureCounts: [String: Int] = [:]
+    private var recentConnectTimeouts: [String: Date] = [:]
+    private var lastIsolatedAt: Date?
+
+    private let initialDynamicRSSIThreshold: Int
+    private(set) var dynamicRSSIThreshold: Int
+
+    var candidateCount: Int {
+        candidates.count
+    }
+
+    init(
+        maxCentralLinks: Int = TransportConfig.bleMaxCentralLinks,
+        connectRateLimitInterval: TimeInterval = TransportConfig.bleConnectRateLimitInterval,
+        candidateCap: Int = TransportConfig.bleConnectionCandidatesMax,
+        weakLinkCooldownSeconds: TimeInterval = TransportConfig.bleWeakLinkCooldownSeconds,
+        weakLinkRSSICutoff: Int = TransportConfig.bleWeakLinkRSSICutoff,
+        recentTimeoutWindowSeconds: TimeInterval = TransportConfig.bleRecentTimeoutWindowSeconds,
+        recentTimeoutCountThreshold: Int = TransportConfig.bleRecentTimeoutCountThreshold,
+        dynamicRSSIThreshold: Int = TransportConfig.bleDynamicRSSIThresholdDefault
+    ) {
+        self.maxCentralLinks = maxCentralLinks
+        self.connectRateLimitInterval = connectRateLimitInterval
+        self.candidateCap = candidateCap
+        self.weakLinkCooldownSeconds = weakLinkCooldownSeconds
+        self.weakLinkRSSICutoff = weakLinkRSSICutoff
+        self.recentTimeoutWindowSeconds = recentTimeoutWindowSeconds
+        self.recentTimeoutCountThreshold = recentTimeoutCountThreshold
+        self.initialDynamicRSSIThreshold = dynamicRSSIThreshold
+        self.dynamicRSSIThreshold = dynamicRSSIThreshold
+    }
+
+    func handleDiscovery(
+        _ candidate: BLEConnectionCandidate<Peripheral>,
+        connectedOrConnectingCount: Int,
+        existingState: BLEExistingConnectionState?,
+        peripheralState: BLEPeripheralConnectionState,
+        now: Date
+    ) -> BLEDiscoveryDecision {
+        guard candidate.isConnectable else { return .ignore }
+
+        if candidate.rssi <= dynamicRSSIThreshold {
+            enqueue(candidate)
+            return .queued
+        }
+
+        if connectedOrConnectingCount >= maxCentralLinks {
+            enqueue(candidate)
+            return .queued
+        }
+
+        if let retryDelay = rateLimitRetryDelay(now: now) {
+            enqueue(candidate)
+            return .scheduleRetry(after: retryDelay)
+        }
+
+        if let existingState {
+            if existingState.isConnected || existingState.isConnecting {
+                return .ignore
+            }
+
+            if let lastAttempt = existingState.lastConnectionAttempt,
+               now.timeIntervalSince(lastAttempt) < 2.0 {
+                return .ignore
+            }
+        }
+
+        if let lastTimeout = recentConnectTimeouts[candidate.peripheralID],
+           now.timeIntervalSince(lastTimeout) < 15 {
+            return .ignore
+        }
+
+        switch peripheralState {
+        case .disconnected:
+            return .connectNow
+        case .connecting, .connected:
+            return .cancelStaleConnection
+        }
+    }
+
+    func enqueue(_ candidate: BLEConnectionCandidate<Peripheral>) {
+        if let existingIndex = candidates.firstIndex(where: { $0.peripheralID == candidate.peripheralID }) {
+            candidates[existingIndex] = candidate
+        } else {
+            candidates.append(candidate)
+        }
+
+        candidates.sort {
+            if $0.rssi != $1.rssi { return $0.rssi > $1.rssi }
+            return $0.discoveredAt < $1.discoveredAt
+        }
+        if candidates.count > candidateCap {
+            candidates.removeLast(candidates.count - candidateCap)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func nextCandidate(
+        connectedOrConnectingCount: Int,
+        isAlreadyConnectingOrConnected: (String) -> Bool,
+        now: Date
+    ) -> BLEConnectionQueueDecision<Peripheral> {
+        guard connectedOrConnectingCount < maxCentralLinks else { return .none }
+
+        if let retryDelay = rateLimitRetryDelay(now: now) {
+            return .retryAfter(retryDelay)
+        }
+
+        while !candidates.isEmpty {
+            candidates.sort { score($0, now: now) > score($1, now: now) }
+            let candidate = candidates.removeFirst()
+            guard candidate.isConnectable else { continue }
+
+            if let delay = weakLinkRetryDelay(for: candidate, now: now) {
+                enqueue(candidate)
+                return .retryAfter(delay)
+            }
+
+            if isAlreadyConnectingOrConnected(candidate.peripheralID) {
+                continue
+            }
+
+            return .connect(candidate)
+        }
+
+        return .none
+    }
+
+    func recordConnectionAttempt(at now: Date) {
+        lastGlobalConnectAttempt = now
+    }
+
+    func recordConnectionSuccess(peripheralID: String) {
+        failureCounts[peripheralID] = 0
+        recentConnectTimeouts.removeValue(forKey: peripheralID)
+    }
+
+    func recordConnectionFailure(peripheralID: String) {
+        failureCounts[peripheralID, default: 0] += 1
+    }
+
+    func recordDisconnectError(peripheralID: String, at now: Date) {
+        recentConnectTimeouts[peripheralID] = now
+    }
+
+    func recordConnectionTimeout(peripheralID: String, at now: Date) {
+        recentConnectTimeouts[peripheralID] = now
+        recordConnectionFailure(peripheralID: peripheralID)
+    }
+
+    func pruneConnectionTimeouts(before cutoff: Date) {
+        recentConnectTimeouts = recentConnectTimeouts.filter { $0.value >= cutoff }
+    }
+
+    func reset() {
+        lastGlobalConnectAttempt = .distantPast
+        candidates.removeAll()
+        failureCounts.removeAll()
+        recentConnectTimeouts.removeAll()
+        lastIsolatedAt = nil
+        dynamicRSSIThreshold = initialDynamicRSSIThreshold
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    func updateRSSIThreshold(
+        connectedCount: Int,
+        connectedOrConnectingLinkCount: Int,
+        now: Date
+    ) -> Int {
+        if connectedCount == 0 {
+            if lastIsolatedAt == nil { lastIsolatedAt = now }
+            let isolatedAt = lastIsolatedAt ?? now
+            let elapsed = now.timeIntervalSince(isolatedAt)
+            dynamicRSSIThreshold = elapsed > TransportConfig.bleIsolationRelaxThresholdSeconds
+                ? TransportConfig.bleRSSIIsolatedRelaxed
+                : TransportConfig.bleRSSIIsolatedBase
+            return dynamicRSSIThreshold
+        }
+
+        lastIsolatedAt = nil
+        var threshold = TransportConfig.bleDynamicRSSIThresholdDefault
+        if connectedOrConnectingLinkCount >= maxCentralLinks || candidates.count >= candidateCap {
+            threshold = TransportConfig.bleRSSIConnectedThreshold
+        }
+
+        let recentTimeouts = recentConnectTimeouts.filter {
+            now.timeIntervalSince($0.value) < recentTimeoutWindowSeconds
+        }.count
+        if recentTimeouts >= recentTimeoutCountThreshold {
+            threshold = max(threshold, TransportConfig.bleRSSIHighTimeoutThreshold)
+        }
+
+        dynamicRSSIThreshold = threshold
+        return threshold
+    }
+
+    private func rateLimitRetryDelay(now: Date) -> TimeInterval? {
+        let elapsed = now.timeIntervalSince(lastGlobalConnectAttempt)
+        guard elapsed < connectRateLimitInterval else { return nil }
+        return connectRateLimitInterval - elapsed + 0.05
+    }
+
+    private func weakLinkRetryDelay(
+        for candidate: BLEConnectionCandidate<Peripheral>,
+        now: Date
+    ) -> TimeInterval? {
+        guard let lastTimeout = recentConnectTimeouts[candidate.peripheralID] else { return nil }
+        let elapsed = now.timeIntervalSince(lastTimeout)
+        guard elapsed < weakLinkCooldownSeconds && candidate.rssi <= weakLinkRSSICutoff else { return nil }
+        let remaining = weakLinkCooldownSeconds - elapsed
+        return min(max(2.0, remaining), 15.0)
+    }
+
+    private func score(_ candidate: BLEConnectionCandidate<Peripheral>, now: Date) -> Int {
+        let failures = failureCounts[candidate.peripheralID] ?? 0
+        let penalty = min(20, 1 << min(4, failures))
+        let timeoutBias = recentConnectTimeouts[candidate.peripheralID].map {
+            now.timeIntervalSince($0) < 60 ? 10 : 0
+        } ?? 0
+        let base = (candidate.isConnectable ? 1000 : 0) + (candidate.rssi + 100) * 2
+        let recency = -Int(now.timeIntervalSince(candidate.discoveredAt) * 10)
+        return base + recency - penalty - timeoutBias
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEDirectedRelaySpool.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEDirectedRelaySpoolEntry {
+    let recipient: PeerID
+    let packet: BitchatPacket
+}
+
+struct BLEDirectedRelaySpool {
+    private struct StoredPacket {
+        let packet: BitchatPacket
+        let enqueuedAt: Date
+    }
+
+    private var packetsByRecipient: [PeerID: [String: StoredPacket]] = [:]
+
+    var isEmpty: Bool {
+        packetsByRecipient.isEmpty
+    }
+
+    var count: Int {
+        packetsByRecipient.values.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.count }
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    mutating func enqueue(
+        packet: BitchatPacket,
+        recipient: PeerID,
+        messageID: String,
+        enqueuedAt: Date
+    ) -> Bool {
+        var packets = packetsByRecipient[recipient] ?? [:]
+        guard packets[messageID] == nil else {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        packets[messageID] = StoredPacket(packet: packet, enqueuedAt: enqueuedAt)
+        packetsByRecipient[recipient] = packets
+        return true
+    }
+
+    mutating func drainUnexpired(now: Date, window: TimeInterval) -> [BLEDirectedRelaySpoolEntry] {
+        var entries: [BLEDirectedRelaySpoolEntry] = []
+
+        for (recipient, packets) in packetsByRecipient {
+            for stored in packets.values where now.timeIntervalSince(stored.enqueuedAt) <= window {
+                entries.append(BLEDirectedRelaySpoolEntry(recipient: recipient, packet: stored.packet))
+            }
+        }
+
+        packetsByRecipient.removeAll()
+        return entries
+    }
+
+    mutating func pruneExpired(now: Date, window: TimeInterval) {
+        guard !packetsByRecipient.isEmpty else { return }
+
+        var pruned: [PeerID: [String: StoredPacket]] = [:]
+        for (recipient, packets) in packetsByRecipient {
+            let freshPackets = packets.filter { now.timeIntervalSince($0.value.enqueuedAt) <= window }
+            if !freshPackets.isEmpty {
+                pruned[recipient] = freshPackets
+            }
+        }
+        packetsByRecipient = pruned
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        packetsByRecipient.removeAll()
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEFanoutSelector.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import CryptoKit
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEFanoutSelection: Equatable {
+    let peripheralIDs: Set<String>
+    let centralIDs: Set<String>
+}
+
+enum BLEFanoutSelector {
+    static func selectLinks(
+        peripheralIDs: [String],
+        centralIDs: [String],
+        ingressLink: BLEIngressLinkID?,
+        excludedLinks: Set<BLEIngressLinkID> = [],
+        directedPeerHint: PeerID?,
+        packetType: UInt8,
+        messageID: String
+    ) -> BLEFanoutSelection {
+        let allowed = allowedLinks(
+            peripheralIDs: peripheralIDs,
+            centralIDs: centralIDs,
+            ingressLink: ingressLink,
+            excludedLinks: excludedLinks
+        )
+
+        guard shouldSubset(packetType: packetType, directedPeerHint: directedPeerHint) else {
+            return BLEFanoutSelection(
+                peripheralIDs: Set(allowed.peripheralIDs),
+                centralIDs: Set(allowed.centralIDs)
+            )
+        }
+
+        return BLEFanoutSelection(
+            peripheralIDs: deterministicSubset(
+                ids: allowed.peripheralIDs,
+                k: subsetSize(for: allowed.peripheralIDs.count),
+                seed: messageID
+            ),
+            centralIDs: deterministicSubset(
+                ids: allowed.centralIDs,
+                k: subsetSize(for: allowed.centralIDs.count),
+                seed: messageID
+            )
+        )
+    }
+
+    private static func allowedLinks(
+        peripheralIDs: [String],
+        centralIDs: [String],
+        ingressLink: BLEIngressLinkID?,
+        excludedLinks: Set<BLEIngressLinkID>
+    ) -> (peripheralIDs: [String], centralIDs: [String]) {
+        var allowedPeripheralIDs = peripheralIDs
+        var allowedCentralIDs = centralIDs
+        var blockedLinks = excludedLinks
+
+        if let ingressLink {
+            blockedLinks.insert(ingressLink)
+        }
+
+        allowedPeripheralIDs.removeAll { blockedLinks.contains(.peripheral($0)) }
+        allowedCentralIDs.removeAll { blockedLinks.contains(.central($0)) }
+
+        return (allowedPeripheralIDs, allowedCentralIDs)
+    }
+
+    private static func shouldSubset(packetType: UInt8, directedPeerHint: PeerID?) -> Bool {
+        directedPeerHint == nil
+            && packetType != MessageType.fragment.rawValue
+            && packetType != MessageType.announce.rawValue
+            && packetType != MessageType.requestSync.rawValue
+    }
+
+    private static func subsetSize(for count: Int) -> Int {
+        guard count > 0 else { return 0 }
+        if count <= 2 { return count }
+
+        var value = count - 1
+        var bits = 0
+        while value > 0 {
+            value >>= 1
+            bits += 1
+        }
+        return min(count, max(1, bits + 1))
+    }
+
+    private static func deterministicSubset(ids: [String], k: Int, seed: String) -> Set<String> {
+        guard k > 0 && ids.count > k else { return Set(ids) }
+
+        var scored: [(score: [UInt8], id: String)] = []
+        for id in ids {
+            let data = (seed + "::" + id).data(using: .utf8) ?? Data()
+            let digest = Array(SHA256.hash(data: data))
+            scored.append((digest, id))
+        }
+
+        scored.sort { lhs, rhs in
+            for index in 0..<min(lhs.score.count, rhs.score.count) {
+                if lhs.score[index] != rhs.score[index] {
+                    return lhs.score[index] < rhs.score[index]
+                }
+            }
+            return lhs.id < rhs.id
+        }
+
+        return Set(scored.prefix(k).map(\.id))
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEFileTransferPolicy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEFileTransferDeliveryPlan: Equatable {
+    let isPrivateMessage: Bool
+    let shouldTrackForSync: Bool
+}
+
+enum BLEFileTransferPolicy {
+    static func isSelfEcho(packet: BitchatPacket, from peerID: PeerID, localPeerID: PeerID) -> Bool {
+        peerID == localPeerID && packet.ttl != 0
+    }
+
+    static func deliveryPlan(packet: BitchatPacket, localPeerID: PeerID) -> BLEFileTransferDeliveryPlan? {
+        guard let recipientID = packet.recipientID else {
+            return BLEFileTransferDeliveryPlan(isPrivateMessage: false, shouldTrackForSync: true)
+        }
+
+        let isBroadcast = recipientID.allSatisfy { $0 == 0xFF }
+        if isBroadcast {
+            return BLEFileTransferDeliveryPlan(isPrivateMessage: false, shouldTrackForSync: true)
+        }
+
+        guard PeerID(hexData: recipientID) == localPeerID else {
+            return nil
+        }
+
+        return BLEFileTransferDeliveryPlan(isPrivateMessage: true, shouldTrackForSync: false)
+    }
+}
+
+struct BLEIncomingFileAcceptance {
+    let filePacket: BitchatFilePacket
+    let mime: MimeType
+}
+
+enum BLEIncomingFileRejection: Error, Equatable {
+    case malformedPayload
+    case payloadTooLarge(bytes: Int)
+    case unsupportedMime(mimeType: String?, bytes: Int)
+    case magicMismatch(mime: MimeType, bytes: Int, prefixHex: String)
+}
+
+enum BLEIncomingFileValidator {
+    static func validate(payload: Data) -> Result<BLEIncomingFileAcceptance, BLEIncomingFileRejection> {
+        guard let filePacket = BitchatFilePacket.decode(payload) else {
+            return .failure(.malformedPayload)
+        }
+
+        guard FileTransferLimits.isValidPayload(filePacket.content.count) else {
+            return .failure(.payloadTooLarge(bytes: filePacket.content.count))
+        }
+
+        guard let mime = MimeType(filePacket.mimeType), mime.isAllowed else {
+            return .failure(.unsupportedMime(
+                mimeType: filePacket.mimeType,
+                bytes: filePacket.content.count
+            ))
+        }
+
+        guard mime.matches(data: filePacket.content) else {
+            return .failure(.magicMismatch(
+                mime: mime,
+                bytes: filePacket.content.count,
+                prefixHex: filePacket.content.prefix(20).map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joined(separator: " ")
+            ))
+        }
+
+        return .success(BLEIncomingFileAcceptance(filePacket: filePacket, mime: mime))
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEFragmentAssemblyBuffer.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEFragmentKey: Hashable, Equatable {
+    let sender: UInt64
+    let id: UInt64
+}
+
+struct BLEFragmentHeader: Equatable {
+    let key: BLEFragmentKey
+    let index: Int
+    let total: Int
+    let originalType: UInt8
+    let fragmentData: Data
+    let isBroadcastFragment: Bool
+
+    var idLogString: String {
+        String(format: "%016llx", key.id)
+    }
+
+    init?(packet: BitchatPacket) {
+        // Minimum header: 8 bytes ID + 2 index + 2 total + 1 type.
+        guard packet.payload.count >= 13 else { return nil }
+
+        var senderU64: UInt64 = 0
+        for byte in packet.senderID.prefix(8) {
+            senderU64 = (senderU64 << 8) | UInt64(byte)
+        }
+
+        var fragmentU64: UInt64 = 0
+        for byte in packet.payload.prefix(8) {
+            fragmentU64 = (fragmentU64 << 8) | UInt64(byte)
+        }
+
+        let index = Int((UInt16(packet.payload[8]) << 8) | UInt16(packet.payload[9]))
+        let total = Int((UInt16(packet.payload[10]) << 8) | UInt16(packet.payload[11]))
+
+        guard total > 0 && total <= 10_000 && index >= 0 && index < total else {
+            return nil
+        }
+
+        let isBroadcastFragment: Bool = {
+            guard let recipient = packet.recipientID else { return true }
+            return recipient.count == 8 && recipient.allSatisfy { $0 == 0xFF }
+        }()
+
+        self.key = BLEFragmentKey(sender: senderU64, id: fragmentU64)
+        self.index = index
+        self.total = total
+        self.originalType = packet.payload[12]
+        self.fragmentData = Data(packet.payload.suffix(from: 13))
+        self.isBroadcastFragment = isBroadcastFragment
+    }
+}
+
+struct BLEFragmentAssemblyBuffer {
+    enum AppendResult: Equatable {
+        case stored(header: BLEFragmentHeader, started: Bool)
+        case complete(header: BLEFragmentHeader, reassembledData: Data, started: Bool)
+        case oversized(header: BLEFragmentHeader, projectedSize: Int, limit: Int, started: Bool)
+    }
+
+    private struct Metadata {
+        let type: UInt8
+        let total: Int
+        let timestamp: Date
+    }
+
+    private var fragmentsByKey: [BLEFragmentKey: [Int: Data]] = [:]
+    private var metadataByKey: [BLEFragmentKey: Metadata] = [:]
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        fragmentsByKey.removeAll()
+        metadataByKey.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    mutating func removeExpired(before cutoff: Date) -> Int {
+        let expiredKeys = metadataByKey
+            .filter { $0.value.timestamp < cutoff }
+            .map(\.key)
+
+        for key in expiredKeys {
+            fragmentsByKey.removeValue(forKey: key)
+            metadataByKey.removeValue(forKey: key)
+        }
+
+        return expiredKeys.count
+    }
+
+    mutating func append(
+        _ header: BLEFragmentHeader,
+        maxInFlightAssemblies: Int,
+        now: Date = Date()
+    ) -> AppendResult {
+        let started = startAssemblyIfNeeded(for: header, maxInFlightAssemblies: maxInFlightAssemblies, now: now)
+
+        let currentSize = fragmentsByKey[header.key]?.values.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.count } ?? 0
+        let limit = Self.assemblyLimit(for: header.originalType)
+        let projectedSize = currentSize + header.fragmentData.count
+
+        guard projectedSize <= limit else {
+            fragmentsByKey.removeValue(forKey: header.key)
+            metadataByKey.removeValue(forKey: header.key)
+            return .oversized(header: header, projectedSize: projectedSize, limit: limit, started: started)
+        }
+
+        fragmentsByKey[header.key]?[header.index] = header.fragmentData
+
+        guard let fragments = fragmentsByKey[header.key],
+              fragments.count == header.total else {
+            return .stored(header: header, started: started)
+        }
+
+        let reassembled = (0..<header.total).reduce(into: Data()) { data, index in
+            if let fragment = fragments[index] {
+                data.append(fragment)
+            }
+        }
+
+        fragmentsByKey.removeValue(forKey: header.key)
+        metadataByKey.removeValue(forKey: header.key)
+
+        return .complete(header: header, reassembledData: reassembled, started: started)
+    }
+
+    private mutating func startAssemblyIfNeeded(
+        for header: BLEFragmentHeader,
+        maxInFlightAssemblies: Int,
+        now: Date
+    ) -> Bool {
+        guard fragmentsByKey[header.key] == nil else { return false }
+
+        if fragmentsByKey.count >= maxInFlightAssemblies,
+           let oldest = metadataByKey.min(by: { $0.value.timestamp < $1.value.timestamp })?.key {
+            fragmentsByKey.removeValue(forKey: oldest)
+            metadataByKey.removeValue(forKey: oldest)
+        }
+
+        fragmentsByKey[header.key] = [:]
+        metadataByKey[header.key] = Metadata(type: header.originalType, total: header.total, timestamp: now)
+        return true
+    }
+
+    private static func assemblyLimit(for originalType: UInt8) -> Int {
+        if originalType == MessageType.fileTransfer.rawValue {
+            // Allow headroom for TLV metadata and binary framing overhead.
+            return FileTransferLimits.maxFramedFileBytes
+        }
+
+        return FileTransferLimits.maxPayloadBytes
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEInboundWriteBuffer.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEInboundWriteChunk: Equatable {
+    let offset: Int
+    let data: Data
+}
+
+struct BLEInboundWriteAppendMetadata: Equatable {
+    let accumulatedBytes: Int
+    let appendedBytes: Int
+    let offsets: [Int]
+    let packetType: UInt8?
+}
+
+struct BLEInboundWriteBuffer {
+    enum AppendResult {
+        case decoded(packet: BitchatPacket, metadata: BLEInboundWriteAppendMetadata)
+        case waiting(metadata: BLEInboundWriteAppendMetadata)
+        case oversized(metadata: BLEInboundWriteAppendMetadata)
+    }
+
+    private var buffersByCentralID: [String: Data] = [:]
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        buffersByCentralID.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    mutating func append(
+        chunks: [BLEInboundWriteChunk],
+        for centralID: String,
+        capBytes: Int
+    ) -> AppendResult {
+        var combined = buffersByCentralID[centralID] ?? Data()
+        var appendedBytes = 0
+        var offsets: [Int] = []
+
+        for chunk in chunks where !chunk.data.isEmpty {
+            offsets.append(chunk.offset)
+            let end = chunk.offset + chunk.data.count
+
+            if combined.count < end {
+                combined.append(Data(repeating: 0, count: end - combined.count))
+            }
+
+            combined.replaceSubrange(chunk.offset..<end, with: chunk.data)
+            appendedBytes += chunk.data.count
+        }
+
+        let metadata = BLEInboundWriteAppendMetadata(
+            accumulatedBytes: combined.count,
+            appendedBytes: appendedBytes,
+            offsets: offsets,
+            packetType: combined.count >= 2 ? combined[1] : nil
+        )
+
+        if let packet = BinaryProtocol.decode(combined) {
+            buffersByCentralID.removeValue(forKey: centralID)
+            return .decoded(packet: packet, metadata: metadata)
+        }
+
+        guard combined.count <= capBytes else {
+            buffersByCentralID.removeValue(forKey: centralID)
+            return .oversized(metadata: metadata)
+        }
+
+        buffersByCentralID[centralID] = combined
+        return .waiting(metadata: metadata)
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEIncomingFileStore.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+import BitLogger
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEIncomingFileStore {
+    private static let quotaBytes: Int64 = 100 * 1024 * 1024
+
+    private let fileManager: FileManager
+    private let baseDirectory: URL?
+    private let dateProvider: () -> Date
+
+    init(fileManager: FileManager = .default, baseDirectory: URL? = nil, dateProvider: @escaping () -> Date = Date.init) {
+        self.fileManager = fileManager
+        self.baseDirectory = baseDirectory
+        self.dateProvider = dateProvider
+    }
+
+    func save(
+        data: Data,
+        preferredName: String?,
+        subdirectory: String,
+        fallbackExtension: String?,
+        defaultPrefix: String
+    ) -> URL? {
+        do {
+            let base = try filesDirectory().appendingPathComponent(subdirectory, isDirectory: true)
+            try fileManager.createDirectory(at: base, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
+            let sanitized = sanitizedFileName(
+                preferredName,
+                defaultName: "\(defaultPrefix)_\(Self.timestampString(from: dateProvider()))",
+                fallbackExtension: fallbackExtension
+            )
+            let destination = uniqueFileURL(in: base, fileName: sanitized)
+            try data.write(to: destination, options: .atomic)
+            return destination
+        } catch {
+            SecureLogger.error("❌ Failed to persist incoming media: \(error)", category: .session)
+            return nil
+        }
+    }
+
+    func enforceQuota(reservingBytes: Int) {
+        do {
+            let base = try filesDirectory()
+            let incomingDirs = [
+                base.appendingPathComponent("voicenotes/incoming", isDirectory: true),
+                base.appendingPathComponent("images/incoming", isDirectory: true),
+                base.appendingPathComponent("files/incoming", isDirectory: true)
+            ]
+            var allFiles: [(url: URL, size: Int64, modified: Date)] = []
+
+            for dir in incomingDirs where fileManager.fileExists(atPath: dir.path) {
+                guard let contents = try? fileManager.contentsOfDirectory(
+                    at: dir,
+                    includingPropertiesForKeys: [.fileSizeKey, .contentModificationDateKey],
+                    options: [.skipsHiddenFiles]
+                ) else { continue }
+
+                for fileURL in contents {
+                    guard let attrs = try? fileURL.resourceValues(forKeys: [.fileSizeKey, .contentModificationDateKey]),
+                          let size = attrs.fileSize,
+                          let modified = attrs.contentModificationDate else { continue }
+                    allFiles.append((url: fileURL, size: Int64(size), modified: modified))
+                }
+            }
+
+            let currentUsage = allFiles.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.size }
+            let targetUsage = Self.quotaBytes - Int64(reservingBytes)
+            guard currentUsage > targetUsage else { return }
+
+            let needToFree = currentUsage - targetUsage
+            var freedSpace: Int64 = 0
+            for file in allFiles.sorted(by: { $0.modified < $1.modified }) {
+                guard freedSpace < needToFree else { break }
+                do {
+                    try fileManager.removeItem(at: file.url)
+                    freedSpace += file.size
+                    SecureLogger.debug("🗑️ BCH-01-002: Deleted old incoming file to free space: \(file.url.lastPathComponent)", category: .security)
+                } catch {
+                    SecureLogger.warning("⚠️ Failed to delete old file for quota: \(error)", category: .security)
+                }
+            }
+
+            if freedSpace > 0 {
+                SecureLogger.info("📊 BCH-01-002: Freed \(ByteCountFormatter.string(fromByteCount: freedSpace, countStyle: .file)) to stay within incoming files quota", category: .security)
+            }
+        } catch {
+            SecureLogger.warning("⚠️ Could not enforce storage quota: \(error)", category: .security)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func filesDirectory() throws -> URL {
+        let root = try baseDirectory ?? fileManager.url(
+            for: .applicationSupportDirectory,
+            in: .userDomainMask,
+            appropriateFor: nil,
+            create: true
+        )
+        let filesDir = root.appendingPathComponent("files", isDirectory: true)
+        try fileManager.createDirectory(at: filesDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true, attributes: nil)
+        return filesDir
+    }
+
+    private func sanitizedFileName(_ name: String?, defaultName: String, fallbackExtension: String?) -> String {
+        var candidate = (name ?? "")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "\0", with: "")
+            .precomposedStringWithCanonicalMapping
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "/", with: "_")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "\\", with: "_")
+
+        let invalid = CharacterSet(charactersIn: "<>:\"|?*\0").union(.controlCharacters)
+        candidate = candidate.components(separatedBy: invalid).joined(separator: "_").trimmed
+        if candidate.isEmpty { candidate = defaultName }
+        if candidate.hasPrefix(".") { candidate = "_" + candidate }
+
+        if candidate.count > 120 {
+            let ext = (candidate as NSString).pathExtension
+            let base = (candidate as NSString).deletingPathExtension
+            candidate = ext.isEmpty
+                ? String(candidate.prefix(120))
+                : String(base.prefix(max(10, 120 - ext.count - 1))) + "." + ext
+        }
+
+        if let fallbackExtension, (candidate as NSString).pathExtension.isEmpty {
+            candidate += ".\(fallbackExtension)"
+        }
+
+        return candidate.isEmpty ? defaultName : candidate
+    }
+
+    private func uniqueFileURL(in directory: URL, fileName: String) -> URL {
+        let directoryPath = directory.standardizedFileURL.path
+        func isInsideDirectory(_ url: URL) -> Bool {
+            url.standardizedFileURL.path.hasPrefix(directoryPath + "/")
+        }
+
+        var candidate = directory.appendingPathComponent(fileName)
+        guard isInsideDirectory(candidate) else {
+            SecureLogger.warning("⚠️ Path traversal blocked: \(fileName)", category: .security)
+            return directory.appendingPathComponent("blocked_\(UUID().uuidString)")
+        }
+
+        if !fileManager.fileExists(atPath: candidate.path) {
+            return candidate
+        }
+
+        let baseName = (fileName as NSString).deletingPathExtension
+        let ext = (fileName as NSString).pathExtension
+        for counter in 1..<100 {
+            let newName = ext.isEmpty ? "\(baseName) (\(counter))" : "\(baseName) (\(counter)).\(ext)"
+            candidate = directory.appendingPathComponent(newName)
+            guard isInsideDirectory(candidate) else {
+                return directory.appendingPathComponent("blocked_\(UUID().uuidString)")
+            }
+            if !fileManager.fileExists(atPath: candidate.path) {
+                return candidate
+            }
+        }
+
+        return directory.appendingPathComponent("\(baseName)_\(UUID().uuidString).\(ext.isEmpty ? "dat" : ext)")
+    }
+
+    private static func timestampString(from date: Date) -> String {
+        let formatter = DateFormatter()
+        formatter.dateFormat = "yyyyMMdd_HHmmss"
+        return formatter.string(from: date)
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEIngressLinkRegistry.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+enum BLEIngressLinkID: Hashable, Equatable {
+    case peripheral(String)
+    case central(String)
+}
+
+struct BLEIngressPacketContext: Equatable {
+    let receivedFromPeerID: PeerID
+    let validationPeerID: PeerID
+}
+
+struct BLEIngressLinkRecord: Equatable {
+    let link: BLEIngressLinkID
+    let peerID: PeerID
+    let timestamp: Date
+}
+
+enum BLEIngressRejection: Error, Equatable {
+    case selfLoopback(packetType: UInt8)
+    case directSenderMismatch(boundPeerID: PeerID, claimedSenderID: PeerID)
+}
+
+struct BLEIngressLinkRegistry {
+    private var ingressByMessageID: [String: BLEIngressLinkRecord] = [:]
+
+    var isEmpty: Bool {
+        ingressByMessageID.isEmpty
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        ingressByMessageID.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    func record(for packet: BitchatPacket) -> BLEIngressLinkRecord? {
+        ingressByMessageID[Self.messageID(for: packet)]
+    }
+
+    func link(for packet: BitchatPacket) -> BLEIngressLinkID? {
+        record(for: packet)?.link
+    }
+
+    func peerID(for packet: BitchatPacket) -> PeerID? {
+        record(for: packet)?.peerID
+    }
+
+    mutating func recordIfNew(
+        _ packet: BitchatPacket,
+        link: BLEIngressLinkID,
+        peerID: PeerID,
+        now: Date = Date(),
+        lifetime: TimeInterval
+    ) -> Bool {
+        let messageID = Self.messageID(for: packet)
+        if let existing = ingressByMessageID[messageID],
+           now.timeIntervalSince(existing.timestamp) <= lifetime {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        ingressByMessageID[messageID] = BLEIngressLinkRecord(link: link, peerID: peerID, timestamp: now)
+        return true
+    }
+
+    mutating func prune(before cutoff: Date) {
+        ingressByMessageID = ingressByMessageID.filter { $0.value.timestamp >= cutoff }
+    }
+
+    static func packetContext(
+        for packet: BitchatPacket,
+        claimedSenderID: PeerID,
+        boundPeerID: PeerID?,
+        localPeerID: PeerID,
+        directAnnounceTTL: UInt8
+    ) -> Result<BLEIngressPacketContext, BLEIngressRejection> {
+        if claimedSenderID == localPeerID,
+           !isSelfAuthoredSyncResponse(packet) {
+            return .failure(.selfLoopback(packetType: packet.type))
+        }
+
+        if let boundPeerID,
+           boundPeerID != claimedSenderID,
+           requiresDirectSenderBinding(packet, directAnnounceTTL: directAnnounceTTL) {
+            return .failure(.directSenderMismatch(boundPeerID: boundPeerID, claimedSenderID: claimedSenderID))
+        }
+
+        let receivedFromPeerID = boundPeerID ?? claimedSenderID
+        let validationPeerID = packet.isRSR ? receivedFromPeerID : claimedSenderID
+        return .success(BLEIngressPacketContext(
+            receivedFromPeerID: receivedFromPeerID,
+            validationPeerID: validationPeerID
+        ))
+    }
+
+    static func messageID(for packet: BitchatPacket) -> String {
+        let senderID = packet.senderID.hexEncodedString()
+        let digestPrefix = packet.payload.sha256Hash().prefix(4).hexEncodedString()
+        return "\(senderID)-\(packet.timestamp)-\(packet.type)-\(digestPrefix)"
+    }
+
+    private static func requiresDirectSenderBinding(_ packet: BitchatPacket, directAnnounceTTL: UInt8) -> Bool {
+        packet.type == MessageType.announce.rawValue && packet.ttl == directAnnounceTTL
+    }
+
+    private static func isSelfAuthoredSyncResponse(_ packet: BitchatPacket) -> Bool {
+        packet.isRSR && packet.ttl == 0
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEIngressPacketGuard.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+enum BLEIngressPacketGuard {
+    enum Rejection: Error, Equatable {
+        case selfLoopback(packetType: UInt8)
+        case directSenderMismatch(boundPeerID: PeerID, claimedSenderID: PeerID)
+        case invalidRSR(peerID: PeerID)
+        case timestampSkew(peerID: PeerID, skewMs: UInt64, maxSkewMs: UInt64)
+    }
+
+    static func evaluate(
+        packet: BitchatPacket,
+        claimedSenderID: PeerID,
+        boundPeerID: PeerID?,
+        localPeerID: PeerID,
+        directAnnounceTTL: UInt8,
+        nowMs: UInt64 = UInt64(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000),
+        maxTimestampSkewMs: UInt64 = 120_000,
+        isValidSyncResponse: (PeerID) -> Bool
+    ) -> Result<BLEIngressPacketContext, Rejection> {
+        let contextResult = BLEIngressLinkRegistry.packetContext(
+            for: packet,
+            claimedSenderID: claimedSenderID,
+            boundPeerID: boundPeerID,
+            localPeerID: localPeerID,
+            directAnnounceTTL: directAnnounceTTL
+        )
+
+        let context: BLEIngressPacketContext
+        switch contextResult {
+        case .success(let acceptedContext):
+            context = acceptedContext
+        case .failure(.selfLoopback(let packetType)):
+            return .failure(.selfLoopback(packetType: packetType))
+        case .failure(.directSenderMismatch(let boundPeerID, let claimedSenderID)):
+            return .failure(.directSenderMismatch(boundPeerID: boundPeerID, claimedSenderID: claimedSenderID))
+        }
+
+        switch validatePayload(
+            packet,
+            from: context.validationPeerID,
+            nowMs: nowMs,
+            maxTimestampSkewMs: maxTimestampSkewMs,
+            isValidSyncResponse: isValidSyncResponse
+        ) {
+        case .success:
+            return .success(context)
+        case .failure(let rejection):
+            return .failure(rejection)
+        }
+    }
+
+    static func validatePayload(
+        _ packet: BitchatPacket,
+        from peerID: PeerID,
+        nowMs: UInt64 = UInt64(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000),
+        maxTimestampSkewMs: UInt64 = 120_000,
+        isValidSyncResponse: (PeerID) -> Bool
+    ) -> Result<Void, Rejection> {
+        if packet.isRSR {
+            guard isValidSyncResponse(peerID) else {
+                return .failure(.invalidRSR(peerID: peerID))
+            }
+            return .success(())
+        }
+
+        let packetTime = packet.timestamp
+        let skew = packetTime > nowMs ? packetTime - nowMs : nowMs - packetTime
+        guard skew <= maxTimestampSkewMs else {
+            return .failure(.timestampSkew(peerID: peerID, skewMs: skew, maxSkewMs: maxTimestampSkewMs))
+        }
+
+        return .success(())
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLELinkStateStore.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import CoreBluetooth
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEPeripheralLinkState {
+    let peripheral: CBPeripheral
+    var characteristic: CBCharacteristic?
+    var peerID: PeerID?
+    var isConnecting: Bool
+    var isConnected: Bool
+    var lastConnectionAttempt: Date?
+    var assembler: NotificationStreamAssembler
+}
+
+struct BLEDirectLinkState: Equatable {
+    let hasPeripheral: Bool
+    let hasCentral: Bool
+}
+
+struct BLESubscribedCentralSnapshot {
+    let centrals: [CBCentral]
+    let peerIDsByCentralUUID: [String: PeerID]
+
+    func central(for peerID: PeerID) -> CBCentral? {
+        centrals.first { peerIDsByCentralUUID[$0.identifier.uuidString] == peerID }
+    }
+}
+
+final class BLELinkStateStore {
+    private(set) var peripherals: [String: BLEPeripheralLinkState] = [:]
+    private(set) var peerToPeripheralUUID: [PeerID: String] = [:]
+    private(set) var subscribedCentrals: [CBCentral] = []
+    private(set) var centralToPeerID: [String: PeerID] = [:]
+
+    var peripheralStates: [BLEPeripheralLinkState] {
+        Array(peripherals.values)
+    }
+
+    var subscribedCentralSnapshot: BLESubscribedCentralSnapshot {
+        BLESubscribedCentralSnapshot(
+            centrals: subscribedCentrals,
+            peerIDsByCentralUUID: centralToPeerID
+        )
+    }
+
+    var subscribedCentralCount: Int {
+        subscribedCentrals.count
+    }
+
+    var connectedOrConnectingPeripheralCount: Int {
+        peripherals.values.filter { $0.isConnected || $0.isConnecting }.count
+    }
+
+    func state(forPeripheralID peripheralID: String) -> BLEPeripheralLinkState? {
+        peripherals[peripheralID]
+    }
+
+    func setPeripheralState(_ state: BLEPeripheralLinkState, for peripheralID: String) {
+        peripherals[peripheralID] = state
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    func updatePeripheral(
+        _ peripheralID: String,
+        _ update: (inout BLEPeripheralLinkState) -> Void
+    ) -> BLEPeripheralLinkState? {
+        guard var state = peripherals[peripheralID] else { return nil }
+        update(&state)
+        peripherals[peripheralID] = state
+        return state
+    }
+
+    func beginConnecting(to peripheral: CBPeripheral, at date: Date) {
+        setPeripheralState(
+            BLEPeripheralLinkState(
+                peripheral: peripheral,
+                characteristic: nil,
+                peerID: nil,
+                isConnecting: true,
+                isConnected: false,
+                lastConnectionAttempt: date,
+                assembler: NotificationStreamAssembler()
+            ),
+            for: peripheral.identifier.uuidString
+        )
+    }
+
+    func markConnected(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral) {
+        let peripheralID = peripheral.identifier.uuidString
+        if updatePeripheral(peripheralID, {
+            $0.isConnecting = false
+            $0.isConnected = true
+        }) == nil {
+            setPeripheralState(
+                BLEPeripheralLinkState(
+                    peripheral: peripheral,
+                    characteristic: nil,
+                    peerID: nil,
+                    isConnecting: false,
+                    isConnected: true,
+                    lastConnectionAttempt: nil,
+                    assembler: NotificationStreamAssembler()
+                ),
+                for: peripheralID
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    func updateCharacteristic(_ characteristic: CBCharacteristic, forPeripheralID peripheralID: String) {
+        updatePeripheral(peripheralID) {
+            $0.characteristic = characteristic
+        }
+    }
+
+    func directPeripheralState(for peerID: PeerID) -> BLEPeripheralLinkState? {
+        peerToPeripheralUUID[peerID].flatMap { peripherals[$0] }
+    }
+
+    func directLinkState(for peerID: PeerID) -> BLEDirectLinkState {
+        let peripheralUUID = peerToPeripheralUUID[peerID]
+        let hasPeripheral = peripheralUUID.flatMap { peripherals[$0]?.isConnected } ?? false
+        let hasCentral = centralToPeerID.values.contains(peerID)
+        return BLEDirectLinkState(hasPeripheral: hasPeripheral, hasCentral: hasCentral)
+    }
+
+    func links(to peerID: PeerID?) -> Set<BLEIngressLinkID> {
+        guard let peerID else { return [] }
+
+        var links: Set<BLEIngressLinkID> = []
+        if let peripheralUUID = peerToPeripheralUUID[peerID] {
+            links.insert(.peripheral(peripheralUUID))
+        }
+        for (centralUUID, mappedPeerID) in centralToPeerID where mappedPeerID == peerID {
+            links.insert(.central(centralUUID))
+        }
+        return links
+    }
+
+    func peerID(forPeripheralID peripheralID: String) -> PeerID? {
+        peripherals[peripheralID]?.peerID
+    }
+
+    func peerID(forCentralUUID centralUUID: String) -> PeerID? {
+        centralToPeerID[centralUUID]
+    }
+
+    func addSubscribedCentral(_ central: CBCentral) {
+        guard !subscribedCentrals.contains(central) else { return }
+        subscribedCentrals.append(central)
+    }
+
+    func removeSubscribedCentral(_ central: CBCentral) -> PeerID? {
+        let centralUUID = central.identifier.uuidString
+        subscribedCentrals.removeAll { $0.identifier == central.identifier }
+        return centralToPeerID.removeValue(forKey: centralUUID)
+    }
+
+    func bindCentral(_ centralUUID: String, to peerID: PeerID) {
+        centralToPeerID[centralUUID] = peerID
+    }
+
+    func bindPeripheral(_ peripheralUUID: String, to peerID: PeerID) {
+        if updatePeripheral(peripheralUUID, { $0.peerID = peerID }) != nil {
+            peerToPeripheralUUID[peerID] = peripheralUUID
+        }
+    }
+
+    func removePeripheral(_ peripheralID: String) -> PeerID? {
+        let peerID = peripherals.removeValue(forKey: peripheralID)?.peerID
+        if let peerID {
+            peerToPeripheralUUID.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
+        }
+        return peerID
+    }
+
+    func clearPeripherals() -> [PeerID] {
+        let peerIDs = peripherals.compactMap { $0.value.peerID }
+        peripherals.removeAll()
+        peerToPeripheralUUID.removeAll()
+        return peerIDs
+    }
+
+    func clearCentrals() -> [PeerID] {
+        let peerIDs = Array(centralToPeerID.values)
+        subscribedCentrals.removeAll()
+        centralToPeerID.removeAll()
+        return peerIDs
+    }
+
+    func clearAll() {
+        peripherals.removeAll()
+        peerToPeripheralUUID.removeAll()
+        subscribedCentrals.removeAll()
+        centralToPeerID.removeAll()
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLELogRateLimiter.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import Foundation
+
+final class BLELogRateLimiter {
+    private let defaultMinimumInterval: TimeInterval
+    private let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "chat.bitchat.ble.log-rate-limiter")
+    private var lastLogTimeByKey: [String: Date] = [:]
+
+    init(defaultMinimumInterval: TimeInterval) {
+        self.defaultMinimumInterval = defaultMinimumInterval
+    }
+
+    func shouldLog(
+        key: String,
+        now: Date = Date(),
+        minimumInterval: TimeInterval? = nil
+    ) -> Bool {
+        queue.sync {
+            let interval = minimumInterval ?? defaultMinimumInterval
+            if let lastLogTime = lastLogTimeByKey[key],
+               now.timeIntervalSince(lastLogTime) < interval {
+                return false
+            }
+            lastLogTimeByKey[key] = now
+            return true
+        }
+    }
+
+    func removeAll() {
+        queue.sync {
+            lastLogTimeByKey.removeAll()
+        }
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEMaintenancePolicy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEMaintenancePlan: Equatable {
+    let shouldSendAnnounce: Bool
+    let shouldEnsureAdvertising: Bool
+    let shouldRunCleanup: Bool
+    let shouldFlushDirectedSpool: Bool
+    let shouldResetCounter: Bool
+}
+
+enum BLEMaintenancePolicy {
+    static func plan(
+        cycle: Int,
+        connectedCount: Int,
+        peerRegistryIsEmpty: Bool,
+        elapsedSinceLastAnnounce: TimeInterval,
+        hasRecentTraffic: Bool,
+        connectedAnnounceJitterOffset: TimeInterval? = nil,
+        highDegreeThreshold: Int = TransportConfig.bleHighDegreeThreshold
+    ) -> BLEMaintenancePlan {
+        BLEMaintenancePlan(
+            shouldSendAnnounce: shouldSendAnnounce(
+                connectedCount: connectedCount,
+                elapsedSinceLastAnnounce: elapsedSinceLastAnnounce,
+                hasRecentTraffic: hasRecentTraffic,
+                connectedAnnounceJitterOffset: connectedAnnounceJitterOffset,
+                highDegreeThreshold: highDegreeThreshold
+            ),
+            shouldEnsureAdvertising: peerRegistryIsEmpty,
+            shouldRunCleanup: cycle.isMultiple(of: 3),
+            shouldFlushDirectedSpool: !cycle.isMultiple(of: 2),
+            shouldResetCounter: cycle >= 6
+        )
+    }
+
+    static func shouldSendAnnounce(
+        connectedCount: Int,
+        elapsedSinceLastAnnounce: TimeInterval,
+        hasRecentTraffic: Bool,
+        connectedAnnounceJitterOffset: TimeInterval? = nil,
+        highDegreeThreshold: Int = TransportConfig.bleHighDegreeThreshold
+    ) -> Bool {
+        if hasRecentTraffic && elapsedSinceLastAnnounce >= 10.0 {
+            return true
+        }
+
+        guard connectedCount > 0 else {
+            return elapsedSinceLastAnnounce >= TransportConfig.bleAnnounceIntervalSeconds
+        }
+
+        let highDegree = connectedCount >= highDegreeThreshold
+        let base = highDegree ?
+            TransportConfig.bleConnectedAnnounceBaseSecondsDense :
+            TransportConfig.bleConnectedAnnounceBaseSecondsSparse
+        let jitter = highDegree ?
+            TransportConfig.bleConnectedAnnounceJitterDense :
+            TransportConfig.bleConnectedAnnounceJitterSparse
+        let jitterOffset = connectedAnnounceJitterOffset ?? Double.random(in: -jitter...jitter)
+
+        return elapsedSinceLastAnnounce >= base + jitterOffset
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLENoisePayloadFactory.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum BLENoisePayloadFactory {
+    static func privateMessage(content: String, messageID: String) -> Data? {
+        guard let payload = PrivateMessagePacket(messageID: messageID, content: content).encode() else {
+            return nil
+        }
+
+        return typedPayload(.privateMessage, payload: payload)
+    }
+
+    static func readReceipt(originalMessageID: String) -> Data {
+        typedPayload(.readReceipt, payload: Data(originalMessageID.utf8))
+    }
+
+    static func delivered(messageID: String) -> Data {
+        typedPayload(.delivered, payload: Data(messageID.utf8))
+    }
+
+    static func typedPayload(_ type: NoisePayloadType, payload: Data) -> Data {
+        var typed = Data([type.rawValue])
+        typed.append(payload)
+        return typed
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLENoiseSessionQueues.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEPendingPrivateMessage: Equatable {
+    let content: String
+    let messageID: String
+}
+
+struct BLENoiseSessionQueues {
+    private var privateMessagesByPeerID: [PeerID: [BLEPendingPrivateMessage]] = [:]
+    private var typedPayloadsByPeerID: [PeerID: [Data]] = [:]
+
+    var isEmpty: Bool {
+        privateMessagesByPeerID.isEmpty && typedPayloadsByPeerID.isEmpty
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        privateMessagesByPeerID.removeAll()
+        typedPayloadsByPeerID.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    mutating func appendPrivateMessage(content: String, messageID: String, for peerID: PeerID) {
+        privateMessagesByPeerID[peerID, default: []].append(BLEPendingPrivateMessage(content: content, messageID: messageID))
+    }
+
+    mutating func takePrivateMessages(for peerID: PeerID) -> [BLEPendingPrivateMessage] {
+        let messages = privateMessagesByPeerID[peerID] ?? []
+        privateMessagesByPeerID.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
+        return messages
+    }
+
+    mutating func prependPrivateMessages(_ messages: [BLEPendingPrivateMessage], for peerID: PeerID) {
+        guard !messages.isEmpty else { return }
+        privateMessagesByPeerID[peerID, default: []].insert(contentsOf: messages, at: 0)
+    }
+
+    mutating func appendTypedPayload(_ payload: Data, for peerID: PeerID) {
+        typedPayloadsByPeerID[peerID, default: []].append(payload)
+    }
+
+    mutating func takeTypedPayloads(for peerID: PeerID) -> [Data] {
+        let payloads = typedPayloadsByPeerID[peerID] ?? []
+        typedPayloadsByPeerID.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
+        return payloads
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEOutboundFragmentPlanner.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEOutboundFragmentPlan {
+    let fragmentPackets: [BitchatPacket]
+    let fragmentVersion: UInt8
+    let chunkSize: Int
+    let spacingMs: Int
+
+    var totalFragments: Int {
+        fragmentPackets.count
+    }
+
+    var shouldPauseScanning: Bool {
+        totalFragments > 4
+    }
+}
+
+enum BLEOutboundFragmentPlanner {
+    private static let minimumChunkSize = 64
+    private static let fragmentIDLength = 8
+
+    static func makePlan(
+        for request: BLEOutboundFragmentTransferRequest,
+        defaultChunkSize: Int,
+        bleMaxMTU: Int,
+        fragmentID: Data = randomFragmentID()
+    ) -> BLEOutboundFragmentPlan? {
+        guard fragmentID.count == fragmentIDLength,
+              let fullData = request.packet.toBinaryData(padding: request.pad) else {
+            return nil
+        }
+
+        let sizing = sizingPolicy(
+            for: request.packet,
+            requestedMaxChunk: request.maxChunk,
+            defaultChunkSize: defaultChunkSize,
+            bleMaxMTU: bleMaxMTU
+        )
+
+        let chunks = stride(from: 0, to: fullData.count, by: sizing.chunkSize).map { offset in
+            Data(fullData[offset..<min(offset + sizing.chunkSize, fullData.count)])
+        }
+
+        guard !chunks.isEmpty else { return nil }
+
+        let fragmentRecipient: Data? = {
+            if let directedPeer = request.directedPeer {
+                return Data(hexString: directedPeer.id)
+            }
+            return request.packet.recipientID
+        }()
+
+        let fragmentPackets = chunks.enumerated().map { index, chunk in
+            makeFragmentPacket(
+                original: request.packet,
+                fragmentID: fragmentID,
+                index: index,
+                total: chunks.count,
+                fragmentData: chunk,
+                fragmentRecipient: fragmentRecipient,
+                fragmentVersion: sizing.fragmentVersion
+            )
+        }
+
+        return BLEOutboundFragmentPlan(
+            fragmentPackets: fragmentPackets,
+            fragmentVersion: sizing.fragmentVersion,
+            chunkSize: sizing.chunkSize,
+            spacingMs: spacingMs(for: request)
+        )
+    }
+
+    private static func sizingPolicy(
+        for packet: BitchatPacket,
+        requestedMaxChunk: Int?,
+        defaultChunkSize: Int,
+        bleMaxMTU: Int
+    ) -> (fragmentVersion: UInt8, chunkSize: Int) {
+        var fragmentVersion: UInt8 = 1
+        var calculatedChunk = defaultChunkSize
+
+        if let route = packet.route, !route.isEmpty {
+            fragmentVersion = 2
+            let routeSize = 1 + (route.count * 8)
+            let overhead = 16 + 8 + 8 + routeSize + 13 + 16
+            calculatedChunk = max(minimumChunkSize, bleMaxMTU - overhead)
+        }
+
+        return (
+            fragmentVersion: fragmentVersion,
+            chunkSize: max(minimumChunkSize, requestedMaxChunk ?? calculatedChunk)
+        )
+    }
+
+    private static func makeFragmentPacket(
+        original packet: BitchatPacket,
+        fragmentID: Data,
+        index: Int,
+        total: Int,
+        fragmentData: Data,
+        fragmentRecipient: Data?,
+        fragmentVersion: UInt8
+    ) -> BitchatPacket {
+        var payload = Data()
+        payload.append(fragmentID)
+        payload.append(contentsOf: withUnsafeBytes(of: UInt16(index).bigEndian) { Data($0) })
+        payload.append(contentsOf: withUnsafeBytes(of: UInt16(total).bigEndian) { Data($0) })
+        payload.append(packet.type)
+        payload.append(fragmentData)
+
+        return BitchatPacket(
+            type: MessageType.fragment.rawValue,
+            senderID: packet.senderID,
+            recipientID: fragmentRecipient,
+            timestamp: packet.timestamp,
+            payload: payload,
+            signature: nil,
+            ttl: packet.ttl,
+            version: fragmentVersion,
+            route: packet.route,
+            isRSR: packet.isRSR
+        )
+    }
+
+    private static func spacingMs(for request: BLEOutboundFragmentTransferRequest) -> Int {
+        if request.directedPeer != nil || request.packet.recipientID != nil {
+            return TransportConfig.bleFragmentSpacingDirectedMs
+        }
+
+        return TransportConfig.bleFragmentSpacingMs
+    }
+
+    private static func randomFragmentID() -> Data {
+        Data((0..<fragmentIDLength).map { _ in UInt8.random(in: 0...255) })
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEOutboundFragmentTransferScheduler.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEOutboundFragmentTransferRequest {
+    let packet: BitchatPacket
+    let pad: Bool
+    let maxChunk: Int?
+    let directedPeer: PeerID?
+    let transferId: String?
+
+    var resolvedTransferId: String? {
+        guard packet.type == MessageType.fileTransfer.rawValue else { return nil }
+        return transferId ?? packet.payload.sha256Hex()
+    }
+}
+
+struct BLEOutboundFragmentTransferScheduler {
+    enum QueuePosition {
+        case front
+        case back
+    }
+
+    enum SubmitResult {
+        case start(request: BLEOutboundFragmentTransferRequest, reservedTransferId: String?)
+        case queued(request: BLEOutboundFragmentTransferRequest, transferId: String?, position: QueuePosition)
+    }
+
+    enum CancelResult {
+        case active(transferId: String, workItems: [DispatchWorkItem])
+        case pending(transferId: String)
+        case missing
+    }
+
+    enum SentResult: Equatable {
+        case progress(sentFragments: Int, totalFragments: Int)
+        case complete(sentFragments: Int, totalFragments: Int)
+        case missing
+    }
+
+    private struct ActiveTransferState {
+        let totalFragments: Int
+        var sentFragments: Int
+        var workItems: [DispatchWorkItem]
+    }
+
+    private var activeTransfers: [String: ActiveTransferState] = [:]
+    private var pendingTransfers: [BLEOutboundFragmentTransferRequest] = []
+
+    var activeCount: Int {
+        activeTransfers.count
+    }
+
+    var pendingCount: Int {
+        pendingTransfers.count
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() -> [(id: String, workItems: [DispatchWorkItem])] {
+        let active = activeTransfers.map { ($0.key, $0.value.workItems) }
+        activeTransfers.removeAll()
+        pendingTransfers.removeAll()
+        return active
+    }
+
+    mutating func submit(
+        _ request: BLEOutboundFragmentTransferRequest,
+        maxConcurrentTransfers: Int
+    ) -> SubmitResult {
+        guard let transferId = request.resolvedTransferId else {
+            return .start(request: request, reservedTransferId: nil)
+        }
+
+        guard activeTransfers.count < maxConcurrentTransfers else {
+            pendingTransfers.append(request)
+            return .queued(request: request, transferId: transferId, position: .back)
+        }
+
+        guard activeTransfers[transferId] == nil else {
+            pendingTransfers.insert(request, at: 0)
+            return .queued(request: request, transferId: transferId, position: .front)
+        }
+
+        activeTransfers[transferId] = ActiveTransferState(totalFragments: 0, sentFragments: 0, workItems: [])
+        return .start(request: request, reservedTransferId: transferId)
+    }
+
+    mutating func activateReservedTransfer(
+        id transferId: String,
+        totalFragments: Int,
+        workItems: [DispatchWorkItem]
+    ) -> Bool {
+        guard activeTransfers[transferId] != nil else { return false }
+        activeTransfers[transferId] = ActiveTransferState(
+            totalFragments: totalFragments,
+            sentFragments: 0,
+            workItems: workItems
+        )
+        return true
+    }
+
+    mutating func updateWorkItems(_ workItems: [DispatchWorkItem], for transferId: String) -> Bool {
+        guard var state = activeTransfers[transferId] else { return false }
+        state.workItems = workItems
+        activeTransfers[transferId] = state
+        return true
+    }
+
+    mutating func releaseReservation(_ transferId: String) -> [DispatchWorkItem]? {
+        activeTransfers.removeValue(forKey: transferId)?.workItems
+    }
+
+    func isActive(_ transferId: String) -> Bool {
+        activeTransfers[transferId] != nil
+    }
+
+    mutating func cancelTransfer(_ transferId: String) -> CancelResult {
+        if let active = activeTransfers.removeValue(forKey: transferId) {
+            return .active(transferId: transferId, workItems: active.workItems)
+        }
+
+        if let pendingIndex = pendingTransfers.firstIndex(where: { $0.resolvedTransferId == transferId || $0.transferId == transferId }) {
+            pendingTransfers.remove(at: pendingIndex)
+            return .pending(transferId: transferId)
+        }
+
+        return .missing
+    }
+
+    mutating func markFragmentSent(transferId: String) -> SentResult {
+        guard var state = activeTransfers[transferId] else { return .missing }
+
+        state.sentFragments = min(state.sentFragments + 1, state.totalFragments)
+        let isComplete = state.sentFragments >= state.totalFragments
+
+        if isComplete {
+            activeTransfers.removeValue(forKey: transferId)
+            return .complete(sentFragments: state.sentFragments, totalFragments: state.totalFragments)
+        }
+
+        activeTransfers[transferId] = state
+        return .progress(sentFragments: state.sentFragments, totalFragments: state.totalFragments)
+    }
+
+    mutating func reservePendingStarts(maxConcurrentTransfers: Int) -> [SubmitResult] {
+        var availableSlots = max(0, maxConcurrentTransfers - activeTransfers.count)
+        guard availableSlots > 0, !pendingTransfers.isEmpty else { return [] }
+
+        var results: [SubmitResult] = []
+        var blockedFront: [BLEOutboundFragmentTransferRequest] = []
+
+        while availableSlots > 0, !pendingTransfers.isEmpty {
+            let request = pendingTransfers.removeFirst()
+            availableSlots -= 1
+
+            guard let transferId = request.resolvedTransferId else {
+                results.append(.start(request: request, reservedTransferId: nil))
+                continue
+            }
+
+            guard activeTransfers.count < maxConcurrentTransfers else {
+                pendingTransfers.insert(request, at: 0)
+                results.append(.queued(request: request, transferId: transferId, position: .front))
+                break
+            }
+
+            guard activeTransfers[transferId] == nil else {
+                blockedFront.append(request)
+                results.append(.queued(request: request, transferId: transferId, position: .front))
+                continue
+            }
+
+            activeTransfers[transferId] = ActiveTransferState(totalFragments: 0, sentFragments: 0, workItems: [])
+            results.append(.start(request: request, reservedTransferId: transferId))
+        }
+
+        if !blockedFront.isEmpty {
+            pendingTransfers.insert(contentsOf: blockedFront, at: 0)
+        }
+
+        return results
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEOutboundLinkPlanner.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEOutboundLinkPlan: Equatable {
+    let directedPeerHint: PeerID?
+    let fragmentChunkSize: Int?
+    let selectedLinks: BLEFanoutSelection
+    let shouldSpoolDirectedPacket: Bool
+}
+
+enum BLEOutboundLinkPlanner {
+    static func plan(
+        packet: BitchatPacket,
+        dataCount: Int,
+        peripheralIDs: [String],
+        peripheralWriteLimits: [Int],
+        centralIDs: [String],
+        centralNotifyLimits: [Int],
+        ingressRecord: BLEIngressLinkRecord?,
+        excludedLinks: Set<BLEIngressLinkID>,
+        directedOnlyPeer: PeerID?
+    ) -> BLEOutboundLinkPlan {
+        if let minLimit = minimumLinkLimit(
+            peripheralWriteLimits: peripheralWriteLimits,
+            centralNotifyLimits: centralNotifyLimits
+        ), packet.type != MessageType.fragment.rawValue,
+           dataCount > minLimit {
+            return BLEOutboundLinkPlan(
+                directedPeerHint: directedPeerHint(for: packet, explicitPeer: directedOnlyPeer),
+                fragmentChunkSize: BLEOutboundPacketPolicy.fragmentChunkSize(forLinkLimit: minLimit),
+                selectedLinks: BLEFanoutSelection(peripheralIDs: [], centralIDs: []),
+                shouldSpoolDirectedPacket: false
+            )
+        }
+
+        let directedPeerHint = directedPeerHint(for: packet, explicitPeer: directedOnlyPeer)
+        let selectedLinks = BLEFanoutSelector.selectLinks(
+            peripheralIDs: peripheralIDs,
+            centralIDs: centralIDs,
+            ingressLink: ingressRecord?.link,
+            excludedLinks: excludedLinks,
+            directedPeerHint: directedPeerHint,
+            packetType: packet.type,
+            messageID: BLEOutboundPacketPolicy.messageID(for: packet)
+        )
+
+        return BLEOutboundLinkPlan(
+            directedPeerHint: directedPeerHint,
+            fragmentChunkSize: nil,
+            selectedLinks: selectedLinks,
+            shouldSpoolDirectedPacket: shouldSpoolDirectedPacket(
+                directedPeerHint: directedPeerHint,
+                selectedLinks: selectedLinks,
+                packetType: packet.type
+            )
+        )
+    }
+
+    static func directedPeerHint(for packet: BitchatPacket, explicitPeer: PeerID?) -> PeerID? {
+        if let explicitPeer { return explicitPeer }
+        if let recipient = PeerID(str: packet.recipientID?.hexEncodedString()), !recipient.isEmpty {
+            return recipient
+        }
+        return nil
+    }
+
+    static func minimumLinkLimit(peripheralWriteLimits: [Int], centralNotifyLimits: [Int]) -> Int? {
+        [peripheralWriteLimits.min(), centralNotifyLimits.min()]
+            .compactMap { $0 }
+            .min()
+    }
+
+    static func shouldSpoolDirectedPacket(
+        directedPeerHint: PeerID?,
+        selectedLinks: BLEFanoutSelection,
+        packetType: UInt8
+    ) -> Bool {
+        guard directedPeerHint != nil,
+              selectedLinks.peripheralIDs.isEmpty,
+              selectedLinks.centralIDs.isEmpty else {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        return packetType == MessageType.noiseEncrypted.rawValue ||
+            packetType == MessageType.noiseHandshake.rawValue
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEOutboundNotificationBuffer.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEPendingNotification<Target> {
+    let data: Data
+    let targets: [Target]?
+}
+
+struct BLEOutboundNotificationBuffer<Target> {
+    enum EnqueueResult {
+        case enqueued(count: Int)
+        case full(count: Int)
+    }
+
+    private var notifications: [BLEPendingNotification<Target>] = []
+
+    var count: Int {
+        notifications.count
+    }
+
+    var isEmpty: Bool {
+        notifications.isEmpty
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        notifications.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    mutating func enqueue(data: Data, targets: [Target]?, capCount: Int) -> EnqueueResult {
+        guard notifications.count < capCount else {
+            return .full(count: notifications.count)
+        }
+
+        notifications.append(BLEPendingNotification(data: data, targets: targets))
+        return .enqueued(count: notifications.count)
+    }
+
+    mutating func takeAll() -> [BLEPendingNotification<Target>] {
+        let pending = notifications
+        notifications.removeAll()
+        return pending
+    }
+
+    mutating func prepend(_ pending: [BLEPendingNotification<Target>]) {
+        guard !pending.isEmpty else { return }
+        notifications.insert(contentsOf: pending, at: 0)
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEOutboundPacketPolicy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+enum BLEOutboundPacketPolicy {
+    private static let fragmentFrameOverhead = 13 + 8 + 8 + 13
+
+    static func messageID(for packet: BitchatPacket) -> String {
+        BLEIngressLinkRegistry.messageID(for: packet)
+    }
+
+    static func padsBLEFrame(for packetType: UInt8) -> Bool {
+        switch MessageType(rawValue: packetType) {
+        case .noiseEncrypted, .noiseHandshake:
+            return true
+        case .none, .announce, .message, .leave, .requestSync, .fragment, .fileTransfer:
+            return false
+        }
+    }
+
+    static func priority(for packet: BitchatPacket, data: Data) -> BLEOutboundWritePriority {
+        guard let messageType = MessageType(rawValue: packet.type) else { return .low }
+        switch messageType {
+        case .fragment:
+            return .fragment(totalFragments: fragmentTotalCount(from: packet.payload))
+        case .fileTransfer:
+            return .fileTransfer
+        default:
+            return .high
+        }
+    }
+
+    static func fragmentChunkSize(forLinkLimit limit: Int) -> Int {
+        max(64, limit - fragmentFrameOverhead)
+    }
+
+    private static func fragmentTotalCount(from payload: Data) -> Int {
+        guard payload.count >= 12 else { return Int(UInt16.max) }
+        let totalHigh = Int(payload[10])
+        let totalLow = Int(payload[11])
+        let total = (totalHigh << 8) | totalLow
+        return max(total, 1)
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEOutboundWriteBuffer.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEOutboundWritePriority: Comparable {
+    let level: Int
+    let suborder: Int
+
+    static let high = BLEOutboundWritePriority(level: 0, suborder: 0)
+
+    static func fragment(totalFragments: Int) -> BLEOutboundWritePriority {
+        BLEOutboundWritePriority(level: 1, suborder: max(1, min(totalFragments, Int(UInt16.max))))
+    }
+
+    static let fileTransfer = BLEOutboundWritePriority(level: 2, suborder: Int.max - 1)
+    static let low = BLEOutboundWritePriority(level: 2, suborder: Int.max)
+
+    static func < (lhs: BLEOutboundWritePriority, rhs: BLEOutboundWritePriority) -> Bool {
+        if lhs.level != rhs.level { return lhs.level < rhs.level }
+        return lhs.suborder < rhs.suborder
+    }
+}
+
+struct BLEPendingWrite {
+    let priority: BLEOutboundWritePriority
+    let data: Data
+}
+
+struct BLEOutboundWriteBuffer {
+    enum EnqueueResult {
+        case enqueued(trimmedBytes: Int, remainingBytes: Int)
+        case oversized(bytes: Int)
+    }
+
+    private var writesByPeripheralID: [String: [BLEPendingWrite]] = [:]
+
+    var peripheralIDs: [String] {
+        Array(writesByPeripheralID.keys)
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        writesByPeripheralID.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    mutating func enqueue(
+        data: Data,
+        for peripheralID: String,
+        priority: BLEOutboundWritePriority,
+        capBytes: Int
+    ) -> EnqueueResult {
+        guard data.count <= capBytes else {
+            return .oversized(bytes: data.count)
+        }
+
+        var queue = writesByPeripheralID[peripheralID] ?? []
+        let item = BLEPendingWrite(priority: priority, data: data)
+        let insertIndex = queue.firstIndex { item.priority < $0.priority } ?? queue.count
+        queue.insert(item, at: insertIndex)
+
+        var total = queue.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.data.count }
+        var trimmedBytes = 0
+
+        while total > capBytes && !queue.isEmpty {
+            let removed = queue.removeLast()
+            trimmedBytes += removed.data.count
+            total -= removed.data.count
+        }
+
+        writesByPeripheralID[peripheralID] = queue.isEmpty ? nil : queue
+        return .enqueued(trimmedBytes: trimmedBytes, remainingBytes: total)
+    }
+
+    mutating func takeAll(for peripheralID: String) -> [BLEPendingWrite] {
+        let items = writesByPeripheralID[peripheralID] ?? []
+        writesByPeripheralID[peripheralID] = nil
+        return items
+    }
+
+    mutating func prepend(_ items: [BLEPendingWrite], for peripheralID: String) {
+        guard !items.isEmpty else { return }
+        var existing = writesByPeripheralID[peripheralID] ?? []
+        existing.insert(contentsOf: items, at: 0)
+        writesByPeripheralID[peripheralID] = existing
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEPacketFreshnessPolicy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum BLEPacketFreshnessPolicy {
+    static let defaultMaxAgeSeconds: TimeInterval = 900
+
+    static func isBroadcastRecipient(_ recipientID: Data?) -> Bool {
+        guard let recipientID else { return true }
+        return recipientID.count == 8 && recipientID.allSatisfy { $0 == 0xFF }
+    }
+
+    static func isStale(
+        timestampMilliseconds: UInt64,
+        now: Date,
+        maxAgeSeconds: TimeInterval = defaultMaxAgeSeconds
+    ) -> Bool {
+        let nowMilliseconds = UInt64(now.timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000)
+        let maxAgeMilliseconds = UInt64(maxAgeSeconds * 1000)
+        guard nowMilliseconds >= maxAgeMilliseconds else { return false }
+        return timestampMilliseconds < nowMilliseconds - maxAgeMilliseconds
+    }
+
+    static func ageSeconds(timestampMilliseconds: UInt64, now: Date) -> Double {
+        let nowMilliseconds = UInt64(now.timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000)
+        guard nowMilliseconds >= timestampMilliseconds else { return 0 }
+        return Double(nowMilliseconds - timestampMilliseconds) / 1000.0
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEPeerEventDebouncer.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEPeerEventDebouncer {
+    private var lastEmitByPeer: [PeerID: Date] = [:]
+
+    var count: Int {
+        lastEmitByPeer.count
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    mutating func shouldEmit(peerID: PeerID, now: Date, minimumInterval: TimeInterval) -> Bool {
+        if let lastEmit = lastEmitByPeer[peerID],
+           now.timeIntervalSince(lastEmit) < minimumInterval {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        lastEmitByPeer[peerID] = now
+        return true
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        lastEmitByPeer.removeAll()
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEPeerPublishCoalescer.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum BLEPeerPublishDecision: Equatable {
+    case publishNow
+    case schedule(delay: TimeInterval)
+    case skip
+}
+
+struct BLEPeerPublishCoalescer {
+    private var lastPublishAt: Date
+    private var publishPending: Bool
+    private let minimumInterval: TimeInterval
+
+    init(
+        lastPublishAt: Date = .distantPast,
+        publishPending: Bool = false,
+        minimumInterval: TimeInterval = 0.1
+    ) {
+        self.lastPublishAt = lastPublishAt
+        self.publishPending = publishPending
+        self.minimumInterval = minimumInterval
+    }
+
+    mutating func requestPublish(now: Date) -> BLEPeerPublishDecision {
+        let elapsed = now.timeIntervalSince(lastPublishAt)
+        if elapsed >= minimumInterval {
+            lastPublishAt = now
+            return .publishNow
+        }
+
+        guard !publishPending else {
+            return .skip
+        }
+
+        publishPending = true
+        return .schedule(delay: minimumInterval - elapsed)
+    }
+
+    mutating func scheduledPublishFired(now: Date) {
+        lastPublishAt = now
+        publishPending = false
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEPeerRegistry.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEPeerInfo: Equatable {
+    let peerID: PeerID
+    var nickname: String
+    var isConnected: Bool
+    var noisePublicKey: Data?
+    var signingPublicKey: Data?
+    var isVerifiedNickname: Bool
+    var lastSeen: Date
+}
+
+struct BLEPeerAnnounceUpdate: Equatable {
+    let isNewPeer: Bool
+    let wasDisconnected: Bool
+    let previousNickname: String?
+}
+
+struct BLEPeerLinkPresence: Equatable {
+    var hasPeripheral: Bool
+    var hasCentral: Bool
+}
+
+struct BLERemovedPeer: Equatable {
+    let peerID: PeerID
+    let nickname: String
+}
+
+struct BLEPeerConnectivityChanges: Equatable {
+    var disconnectedPeerIDs: [PeerID] = []
+    var removedPeers: [BLERemovedPeer] = []
+}
+
+struct BLEPeerRegistry {
+    private var peers: [PeerID: BLEPeerInfo] = [:]
+
+    var isEmpty: Bool {
+        peers.isEmpty
+    }
+
+    var count: Int {
+        peers.count
+    }
+
+    var peerIDs: [PeerID] {
+        Array(peers.keys)
+    }
+
+    var connectedCount: Int {
+        peers.values.filter(\.isConnected).count
+    }
+
+    var connectedPeerIDs: [PeerID] {
+        peers.values.compactMap { $0.isConnected ? $0.peerID : nil }
+    }
+
+    var connectedRoutingData: [Data] {
+        peers.values.filter(\.isConnected).compactMap { $0.peerID.routingData }
+    }
+
+    var snapshotByID: [PeerID: BLEPeerInfo] {
+        peers
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        peers.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    func info(for peerID: PeerID) -> BLEPeerInfo? {
+        peers[peerID]
+    }
+
+    mutating func upsert(_ info: BLEPeerInfo) {
+        peers[info.peerID] = info
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    mutating func remove(_ peerID: PeerID) -> BLEPeerInfo? {
+        peers.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
+    }
+
+    func isConnected(_ peerID: PeerID) -> Bool {
+        peers[peerID.toShort()]?.isConnected ?? false
+    }
+
+    func isReachable(_ peerID: PeerID, now: Date) -> Bool {
+        let shortID = peerID.toShort()
+        let meshAttached = connectedCount > 0
+        guard let info = peers[shortID] else { return false }
+        if info.isConnected { return true }
+        guard meshAttached else { return false }
+
+        let retention: TimeInterval = info.isVerifiedNickname
+            ? TransportConfig.bleReachabilityRetentionVerifiedSeconds
+            : TransportConfig.bleReachabilityRetentionUnverifiedSeconds
+        return now.timeIntervalSince(info.lastSeen) <= retention
+    }
+
+    func nickname(for peerID: PeerID, connectedOnly: Bool) -> String? {
+        guard let peer = peers[peerID] else { return nil }
+        if connectedOnly && !peer.isConnected { return nil }
+        return peer.nickname
+    }
+
+    func fingerprint(for peerID: PeerID) -> String? {
+        peers[peerID]?.noisePublicKey?.sha256Fingerprint()
+    }
+
+    func displayNicknames(selfNickname: String) -> [PeerID: String] {
+        let connected = peers.filter { $0.value.isConnected }
+        let tuples = connected.map { ($0.key, $0.value.nickname, true) }
+        return PeerDisplayNameResolver.resolve(tuples, selfNickname: selfNickname)
+    }
+
+    func transportSnapshots(selfNickname: String) -> [TransportPeerSnapshot] {
+        let snapshot = Array(peers.values)
+        let resolvedNames = PeerDisplayNameResolver.resolve(
+            snapshot.map { ($0.peerID, $0.nickname, $0.isConnected) },
+            selfNickname: selfNickname
+        )
+        return snapshot.map { info in
+            TransportPeerSnapshot(
+                peerID: info.peerID,
+                nickname: resolvedNames[info.peerID] ?? info.nickname,
+                isConnected: info.isConnected,
+                noisePublicKey: info.noisePublicKey,
+                lastSeen: info.lastSeen
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    func collisionResolvedNickname(for peerID: PeerID, selfNickname: String) -> String? {
+        guard let info = peers[peerID], info.isVerifiedNickname else { return nil }
+        let hasCollision = peers.values.contains {
+            $0.isConnected && $0.nickname == info.nickname && $0.peerID != peerID
+        } || selfNickname == info.nickname
+        return hasCollision ? info.nickname + "#" + String(peerID.id.prefix(4)) : info.nickname
+    }
+
+    mutating func markDisconnected(_ peerID: PeerID) {
+        guard var info = peers[peerID] else { return }
+        info.isConnected = false
+        peers[peerID] = info
+    }
+
+    mutating func updateLastSeen(_ peerID: PeerID, at date: Date) {
+        guard var peer = peers[peerID] else { return }
+        peer.lastSeen = date
+        peers[peerID] = peer
+    }
+
+    mutating func upsertVerifiedAnnounce(
+        peerID: PeerID,
+        nickname: String,
+        noisePublicKey: Data,
+        signingPublicKey: Data?,
+        isConnected: Bool,
+        now: Date
+    ) -> BLEPeerAnnounceUpdate {
+        let existing = peers[peerID]
+        let update = BLEPeerAnnounceUpdate(
+            isNewPeer: existing == nil,
+            wasDisconnected: existing?.isConnected == false,
+            previousNickname: existing?.nickname
+        )
+
+        peers[peerID] = BLEPeerInfo(
+            peerID: existing?.peerID ?? peerID,
+            nickname: nickname,
+            isConnected: isConnected,
+            noisePublicKey: noisePublicKey,
+            signingPublicKey: signingPublicKey,
+            isVerifiedNickname: true,
+            lastSeen: now
+        )
+
+        return update
+    }
+
+    mutating func reconcileConnectivity(
+        now: Date,
+        linkStates: [PeerID: BLEPeerLinkPresence]
+    ) -> BLEPeerConnectivityChanges {
+        var changes = BLEPeerConnectivityChanges()
+
+        for (peerID, peer) in Array(peers) {
+            let age = now.timeIntervalSince(peer.lastSeen)
+            let retention: TimeInterval = peer.isVerifiedNickname
+                ? TransportConfig.bleReachabilityRetentionVerifiedSeconds
+                : TransportConfig.bleReachabilityRetentionUnverifiedSeconds
+
+            if peer.isConnected && age > TransportConfig.blePeerInactivityTimeoutSeconds {
+                let state = linkStates[peerID] ?? BLEPeerLinkPresence(hasPeripheral: false, hasCentral: false)
+                if !state.hasPeripheral && !state.hasCentral {
+                    var updated = peer
+                    updated.isConnected = false
+                    peers[peerID] = updated
+                    changes.disconnectedPeerIDs.append(peerID)
+                }
+            }
+
+            if !peer.isConnected && age > retention {
+                peers.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
+                changes.removedPeers.append(BLERemovedPeer(peerID: peerID, nickname: peer.nickname))
+            }
+        }
+
+        return changes
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEPeerSenderDisplayName.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+enum BLEPeerSenderDisplayName {
+    static func resolveKnownPeer(
+        peerID: PeerID,
+        localPeerID: PeerID,
+        localNickname: String,
+        peers: [PeerID: BLEPeerInfo],
+        allowConnectedUnverified: Bool
+    ) -> String? {
+        if peerID == localPeerID {
+            return localNickname
+        }
+
+        guard let info = peers[peerID] else { return nil }
+
+        if info.isVerifiedNickname {
+            return collisionResolvedName(
+                displayName: info.nickname,
+                collisionNickname: info.nickname,
+                peerID: peerID,
+                localNickname: localNickname,
+                peers: peers
+            )
+        }
+
+        if allowConnectedUnverified, info.isConnected {
+            let displayName = info.nickname.isEmpty ? anonymousNickname(for: peerID) : info.nickname
+            return collisionResolvedName(
+                displayName: displayName,
+                collisionNickname: info.nickname,
+                peerID: peerID,
+                localNickname: localNickname,
+                peers: peers
+            )
+        }
+
+        return nil
+    }
+
+    static func anonymousNickname(for peerID: PeerID) -> String {
+        "anon" + String(peerID.id.prefix(4))
+    }
+
+    private static func collisionResolvedName(
+        displayName: String,
+        collisionNickname: String,
+        peerID: PeerID,
+        localNickname: String,
+        peers: [PeerID: BLEPeerInfo]
+    ) -> String {
+        let hasCollision = peers.values.contains {
+            $0.isConnected && $0.nickname == collisionNickname && $0.peerID != peerID
+        } || localNickname == collisionNickname
+
+        guard hasCollision else { return displayName }
+        return displayName + "#" + String(peerID.id.prefix(4))
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEPublicMessagePolicy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEPublicMessageAcceptance: Equatable {
+    let shouldTrackForSync: Bool
+}
+
+enum BLEPublicMessageRejection: Equatable {
+    case selfEcho
+    case staleBroadcast(ageSeconds: Double)
+}
+
+enum BLEPublicMessageDecision: Equatable {
+    case accept(BLEPublicMessageAcceptance)
+    case reject(BLEPublicMessageRejection)
+}
+
+enum BLEPublicMessagePolicy {
+    static func evaluate(
+        packet: BitchatPacket,
+        from peerID: PeerID,
+        localPeerID: PeerID,
+        now: Date
+    ) -> BLEPublicMessageDecision {
+        if peerID == localPeerID && packet.ttl != 0 {
+            return .reject(.selfEcho)
+        }
+
+        let isBroadcast = BLEPacketFreshnessPolicy.isBroadcastRecipient(packet.recipientID)
+        if isBroadcast,
+           BLEPacketFreshnessPolicy.isStale(timestampMilliseconds: packet.timestamp, now: now) {
+            return .reject(.staleBroadcast(ageSeconds: BLEPacketFreshnessPolicy.ageSeconds(
+                timestampMilliseconds: packet.timestamp,
+                now: now
+            )))
+        }
+
+        return .accept(BLEPublicMessageAcceptance(
+            shouldTrackForSync: isBroadcast && packet.type == MessageType.message.rawValue
+        ))
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEReceivePipeline.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEReceivedPacketContext: Equatable {
+    let senderID: PeerID
+    let messageID: String
+    let messageType: MessageType?
+    let shouldDeduplicate: Bool
+    let logsHandlingDetails: Bool
+}
+
+struct BLEReceivePipeline {
+    static func context(for packet: BitchatPacket, localPeerID: PeerID) -> BLEReceivedPacketContext {
+        let senderID = PeerID(hexData: packet.senderID)
+        let messageID = "\(senderID)-\(packet.timestamp)-\(packet.type)"
+        let messageType = MessageType(rawValue: packet.type)
+        let allowSelfSyncReplay = packet.ttl == 0 && senderID == localPeerID
+        let shouldDeduplicate = messageType != .fragment && !allowSelfSyncReplay
+
+        return BLEReceivedPacketContext(
+            senderID: senderID,
+            messageID: messageID,
+            messageType: messageType,
+            shouldDeduplicate: shouldDeduplicate,
+            logsHandlingDetails: messageType != .announce
+        )
+    }
+
+    static func shouldCancelScheduledRelayForDuplicate(connectedPeerCount: Int) -> Bool {
+        connectedPeerCount > 2
+    }
+
+    static func relayDecision(
+        for packet: BitchatPacket,
+        senderID: PeerID,
+        localPeerID: PeerID,
+        degree: Int,
+        highDegreeThreshold: Int
+    ) -> RelayDecision {
+        RelayController.decide(
+            ttl: packet.ttl,
+            senderIsSelf: senderID == localPeerID,
+            recipientIsSelf: PeerID(hexData: packet.recipientID) == localPeerID,
+            isEncrypted: packet.type == MessageType.noiseEncrypted.rawValue,
+            isDirectedEncrypted: packet.type == MessageType.noiseEncrypted.rawValue && packet.recipientID != nil,
+            isFragment: packet.type == MessageType.fragment.rawValue,
+            isDirectedFragment: packet.type == MessageType.fragment.rawValue && packet.recipientID != nil,
+            isHandshake: packet.type == MessageType.noiseHandshake.rawValue,
+            isAnnounce: packet.type == MessageType.announce.rawValue,
+            degree: degree,
+            highDegreeThreshold: highDegreeThreshold
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+struct BLERecentTrafficTracker: Equatable {
+    private var packetTimestamps: [Date] = []
+
+    var count: Int {
+        packetTimestamps.count
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        packetTimestamps.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    mutating func recordPacket(at now: Date) {
+        packetTimestamps.append(now)
+        prune(at: now)
+    }
+
+    func hasTraffic(within seconds: TimeInterval, now: Date) -> Bool {
+        let cutoff = now.addingTimeInterval(-seconds)
+        return packetTimestamps.contains { $0 >= cutoff }
+    }
+
+    private mutating func prune(at now: Date) {
+        let cutoff = now.addingTimeInterval(-TransportConfig.bleRecentPacketWindowSeconds)
+        if packetTimestamps.count > TransportConfig.bleRecentPacketWindowMaxCount {
+            packetTimestamps.removeFirst(packetTimestamps.count - TransportConfig.bleRecentPacketWindowMaxCount)
+        }
+        packetTimestamps.removeAll { $0 < cutoff }
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLERouteForwardingPolicy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLERouteForwardingPlan {
+    let shouldSuppressFloodRelay: Bool
+    let forwardPacket: BitchatPacket?
+    let nextHop: PeerID?
+
+    static let allowFloodRelay = BLERouteForwardingPlan(
+        shouldSuppressFloodRelay: false,
+        forwardPacket: nil,
+        nextHop: nil
+    )
+
+    static let suppressFloodRelay = BLERouteForwardingPlan(
+        shouldSuppressFloodRelay: true,
+        forwardPacket: nil,
+        nextHop: nil
+    )
+
+    static func forward(_ packet: BitchatPacket, to nextHop: PeerID) -> BLERouteForwardingPlan {
+        BLERouteForwardingPlan(
+            shouldSuppressFloodRelay: true,
+            forwardPacket: packet,
+            nextHop: nextHop
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+struct BLERouteForwardingPolicy {
+    static func plan(
+        for packet: BitchatPacket,
+        localPeerID: PeerID,
+        localRoutingData: Data?,
+        routingPeer: (Data) -> PeerID?,
+        isPeerConnected: (PeerID) -> Bool
+    ) -> BLERouteForwardingPlan {
+        if PeerID(hexData: packet.recipientID) == localPeerID {
+            return .suppressFloodRelay
+        }
+
+        guard let route = packet.route, !route.isEmpty else {
+            return .allowFloodRelay
+        }
+
+        guard packet.ttl > 1 else {
+            return .suppressFloodRelay
+        }
+
+        guard let localRoutingData else {
+            return .allowFloodRelay
+        }
+
+        guard let localIndex = route.firstIndex(of: localRoutingData) else {
+            return forward(packet, toRouteData: route[0], routingPeer: routingPeer, isPeerConnected: isPeerConnected)
+        }
+
+        if localIndex == route.count - 1 {
+            guard let destinationPeer = PeerID(hexData: packet.recipientID),
+                  isPeerConnected(destinationPeer) else {
+                return .allowFloodRelay
+            }
+            return .forward(relayed(packet), to: destinationPeer)
+        }
+
+        return forward(
+            packet,
+            toRouteData: route[localIndex + 1],
+            routingPeer: routingPeer,
+            isPeerConnected: isPeerConnected
+        )
+    }
+
+    private static func forward(
+        _ packet: BitchatPacket,
+        toRouteData routeData: Data,
+        routingPeer: (Data) -> PeerID?,
+        isPeerConnected: (PeerID) -> Bool
+    ) -> BLERouteForwardingPlan {
+        guard let nextPeer = routingPeer(routeData),
+              isPeerConnected(nextPeer) else {
+            return .allowFloodRelay
+        }
+
+        return .forward(relayed(packet), to: nextPeer)
+    }
+
+    private static func relayed(_ packet: BitchatPacket) -> BitchatPacket {
+        var relayPacket = packet
+        relayPacket.ttl = packet.ttl - 1
+        return relayPacket
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEScanDutyPolicy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum BLEScanDutyPlan: Equatable {
+    case continuous
+    case dutyCycle(onDuration: TimeInterval, offDuration: TimeInterval)
+}
+
+enum BLEScanDutyPolicy {
+    static func plan(
+        dutyEnabled: Bool,
+        appIsActive: Bool,
+        connectedCount: Int,
+        hasRecentTraffic: Bool,
+        highDegreeThreshold: Int = TransportConfig.bleHighDegreeThreshold
+    ) -> BLEScanDutyPlan {
+        let forceContinuousScan = connectedCount <= 2 || hasRecentTraffic
+        let shouldDutyCycle = dutyEnabled && appIsActive && connectedCount > 0 && !forceContinuousScan
+
+        guard shouldDutyCycle else {
+            return .continuous
+        }
+
+        if connectedCount >= highDegreeThreshold {
+            return .dutyCycle(
+                onDuration: TransportConfig.bleDutyOnDurationDense,
+                offDuration: TransportConfig.bleDutyOffDurationDense
+            )
+        }
+
+        return .dutyCycle(
+            onDuration: TransportConfig.bleDutyOnDuration,
+            offDuration: TransportConfig.bleDutyOffDuration
+        )
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLEScheduledRelayStore.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLEScheduledRelayStore {
+    private var relays: [String: DispatchWorkItem] = [:]
+
+    var count: Int {
+        relays.count
+    }
+
+    var isEmpty: Bool {
+        relays.isEmpty
+    }
+
+    mutating func schedule(_ workItem: DispatchWorkItem, messageID: String) {
+        relays[messageID] = workItem
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    mutating func remove(messageID: String) -> DispatchWorkItem? {
+        relays.removeValue(forKey: messageID)
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    mutating func cancel(messageID: String) -> Bool {
+        guard let workItem = relays.removeValue(forKey: messageID) else {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        workItem.cancel()
+        return true
+    }
+
+    mutating func cancelAll() {
+        relays.values.forEach { $0.cancel() }
+        relays.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAllIfOverCapacity(_ maxCount: Int) {
+        if relays.count > maxCount {
+            relays.removeAll()
+        }
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLESelfBroadcastTracker.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+
+struct BLESelfBroadcastTracker {
+    private struct Entry {
+        let messageID: String
+        let sentAt: Date
+    }
+
+    private var entriesByDedupID: [String: Entry] = [:]
+
+    var isEmpty: Bool {
+        entriesByDedupID.isEmpty
+    }
+
+    var count: Int {
+        entriesByDedupID.count
+    }
+
+    mutating func record(messageID: String, packet: BitchatPacket, sentAt: Date) {
+        entriesByDedupID[Self.dedupID(for: packet)] = Entry(messageID: messageID, sentAt: sentAt)
+    }
+
+    mutating func takeMessageID(for packet: BitchatPacket) -> String? {
+        entriesByDedupID.removeValue(forKey: Self.dedupID(for: packet))?.messageID
+    }
+
+    mutating func prune(before cutoff: Date) {
+        guard !entriesByDedupID.isEmpty else { return }
+        entriesByDedupID = entriesByDedupID.filter { cutoff <= $0.value.sentAt }
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        entriesByDedupID.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    static func dedupID(for packet: BitchatPacket) -> String {
+        "\(packet.senderID.hexEncodedString())-\(packet.timestamp)-\(packet.type)"
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/BLESubscriptionAnnounceLimiter.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum BLESubscriptionAnnounceDecision: Equatable {
+    case allowed
+    case rateLimited(backoffSeconds: TimeInterval, attemptCount: Int, suppressAnnounce: Bool)
+}
+
+struct BLESubscriptionAnnounceLimiter {
+    private struct State {
+        var lastAnnounceTime: Date
+        var attemptCount: Int
+        var currentBackoffSeconds: TimeInterval
+    }
+
+    private var states: [String: State] = [:]
+
+    var trackedCentralCount: Int {
+        states.count
+    }
+
+    mutating func removeAll() {
+        states.removeAll()
+    }
+
+    mutating func decision(for centralID: String, now: Date) -> BLESubscriptionAnnounceDecision {
+        pruneStaleEntries(now: now)
+
+        guard let existing = states[centralID] else {
+            recordAllowedAttempt(for: centralID, now: now)
+            return .allowed
+        }
+
+        let timeSinceLastAnnounce = now.timeIntervalSince(existing.lastAnnounceTime)
+        guard timeSinceLastAnnounce < existing.currentBackoffSeconds else {
+            recordAllowedAttempt(for: centralID, now: now)
+            return .allowed
+        }
+
+        let newAttemptCount = existing.attemptCount + 1
+        let newBackoff = min(
+            existing.currentBackoffSeconds * TransportConfig.bleSubscriptionRateLimitBackoffFactor,
+            TransportConfig.bleSubscriptionRateLimitMaxBackoffSeconds
+        )
+        states[centralID] = State(
+            lastAnnounceTime: now,
+            attemptCount: newAttemptCount,
+            currentBackoffSeconds: newBackoff
+        )
+
+        return .rateLimited(
+            backoffSeconds: existing.currentBackoffSeconds,
+            attemptCount: existing.attemptCount,
+            suppressAnnounce: newAttemptCount >= TransportConfig.bleSubscriptionRateLimitMaxAttempts
+        )
+    }
+
+    private mutating func recordAllowedAttempt(for centralID: String, now: Date) {
+        states[centralID] = State(
+            lastAnnounceTime: now,
+            attemptCount: 1,
+            currentBackoffSeconds: TransportConfig.bleSubscriptionRateLimitMinSeconds
+        )
+    }
+
+    private mutating func pruneStaleEntries(now: Date) {
+        let windowSeconds = TransportConfig.bleSubscriptionRateLimitWindowSeconds
+        states = states.filter { _, state in
+            now.timeIntervalSince(state.lastAnnounceTime) < windowSeconds
+        }
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/BLE/MimeType.swift

@@ -191,5 +191,22 @@ enum MimeType: CaseIterable, Hashable {
 extension MimeType {
     enum Category: String {
         case audio, image, file
+
+        /// Ends with a space
+        var messagePrefix: String {
+            switch self {
+            case .audio: "[voice] "
+            case .image: "[image] "
+            case .file: "[file] "
+            }
+        }
+
+        var mediaDir: String {
+            switch self {
+            case .audio: "voicenotes"
+            case .image: "images"
+            case .file: "files"
+            }
+        }
     }
 }

bitchat/Services/CommandProcessor.swift

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 //
 
 import Foundation
+import BitFoundation
 
 /// Result of command processing
 enum CommandResult {
@@ -15,15 +16,53 @@ enum CommandResult {
     case handled  // Command handled, no message needed
 }
 
+/// Simple struct for geo participant info used by CommandProcessor
+struct CommandGeoParticipant {
+    let id: String        // pubkey hex (lowercased)
+    let displayName: String
+}
+
+/// Protocol defining what CommandProcessor needs from its context.
+/// This breaks the circular dependency between CommandProcessor and ChatViewModel.
+@MainActor
+protocol CommandContextProvider: AnyObject {
+    // MARK: - State Properties
+    var nickname: String { get }
+    var activeChannel: ChannelID { get }
+    var selectedPrivateChatPeer: PeerID? { get }
+    var blockedUsers: Set<String> { get }
+    var privateChats: [PeerID: [BitchatMessage]] { get set }
+    var idBridge: NostrIdentityBridge { get }
+
+    // MARK: - Peer Lookup
+    func getPeerIDForNickname(_ nickname: String) -> PeerID?
+    func getVisibleGeoParticipants() -> [CommandGeoParticipant]
+    func nostrPubkeyForDisplayName(_ displayName: String) -> String?
+
+    // MARK: - Chat Actions
+    func startPrivateChat(with peerID: PeerID)
+    func sendPrivateMessage(_ content: String, to peerID: PeerID)
+    func clearCurrentPublicTimeline()
+    func sendPublicRaw(_ content: String)
+
+    // MARK: - System Messages
+    func addLocalPrivateSystemMessage(_ content: String, to peerID: PeerID)
+    func addPublicSystemMessage(_ content: String)
+
+    // MARK: - Favorites
+    func toggleFavorite(peerID: PeerID)
+    func sendFavoriteNotification(to peerID: PeerID, isFavorite: Bool)
+}
+
 /// Processes chat commands in a focused, efficient way
 @MainActor
 final class CommandProcessor {
-    weak var chatViewModel: ChatViewModel?
+    weak var contextProvider: CommandContextProvider?
     weak var meshService: Transport?
     private let identityManager: SecureIdentityStateManagerProtocol
-    
-    init(chatViewModel: ChatViewModel? = nil, meshService: Transport? = nil, identityManager: SecureIdentityStateManagerProtocol) {
-        self.chatViewModel = chatViewModel
+
+    init(contextProvider: CommandContextProvider? = nil, meshService: Transport? = nil, identityManager: SecureIdentityStateManagerProtocol) {
+        self.contextProvider = contextProvider
         self.meshService = meshService
         self.identityManager = identityManager
     }
@@ -37,12 +76,12 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
         
         // Geohash context: disable favoriting in public geohash or GeoDM
         let inGeoPublic: Bool = {
-            switch LocationChannelManager.shared.selectedChannel {
+            switch contextProvider?.activeChannel ?? .mesh {
             case .mesh: return false
             case .location: return true
             }
         }()
-        let inGeoDM = chatViewModel?.selectedPrivateChatPeer?.isGeoDM == true
+        let inGeoDM = contextProvider?.selectedPrivateChatPeer?.isGeoDM == true
 
         switch cmd {
         case "/m", "/msg":
@@ -81,15 +120,15 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
         let targetName = String(parts[0])
         let nickname = targetName.hasPrefix("@") ? String(targetName.dropFirst()) : targetName
         
-        guard let peerID = chatViewModel?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname) else {
+        guard let peerID = contextProvider?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname) else {
             return .error(message: "'\(nickname)' not found")
         }
-        
-        chatViewModel?.startPrivateChat(with: peerID)
-        
+
+        contextProvider?.startPrivateChat(with: peerID)
+
         if parts.count > 1 {
             let message = String(parts[1])
-            chatViewModel?.sendPrivateMessage(message, to: peerID)
+            contextProvider?.sendPrivateMessage(message, to: peerID)
         }
         
         return .success(message: "started private chat with \(nickname)")
@@ -97,12 +136,12 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
     
     private func handleWho() -> CommandResult {
         // Show geohash participants when in a geohash channel; otherwise mesh peers
-        switch LocationChannelManager.shared.selectedChannel {
+        switch contextProvider?.activeChannel ?? .mesh {
         case .location(let ch):
             // Geohash context: show visible geohash participants (exclude self)
-            guard let vm = chatViewModel else { return .success(message: "nobody around") }
-            let myHex = (try? chatViewModel?.idBridge.deriveIdentity(forGeohash: ch.geohash))?.publicKeyHex.lowercased()
-            let people = vm.visibleGeohashPeople().filter { person in
+            guard let vm = contextProvider else { return .success(message: "nobody around") }
+            let myHex = (try? vm.idBridge.deriveIdentity(forGeohash: ch.geohash))?.publicKeyHex.lowercased()
+            let people = vm.getVisibleGeoParticipants().filter { person in
                 if let me = myHex { return person.id.lowercased() != me }
                 return true
             }
@@ -120,30 +159,30 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
     }
     
     private func handleClear() -> CommandResult {
-        if let peerID = chatViewModel?.selectedPrivateChatPeer {
-            chatViewModel?.privateChats[peerID]?.removeAll()
+        if let peerID = contextProvider?.selectedPrivateChatPeer {
+            contextProvider?.privateChats[peerID]?.removeAll()
         } else {
-            chatViewModel?.clearCurrentPublicTimeline()
+            contextProvider?.clearCurrentPublicTimeline()
         }
         return .handled
     }
     
     private func handleEmote(_ args: String, command: String, action: String, emoji: String, suffix: String = "") -> CommandResult {
-        let targetName = args.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+        let targetName = args.trimmed
         guard !targetName.isEmpty else {
             return .error(message: "usage: /\(command) <nickname>")
         }
         
         let nickname = targetName.hasPrefix("@") ? String(targetName.dropFirst()) : targetName
         
-        guard let targetPeerID = chatViewModel?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname),
-              let myNickname = chatViewModel?.nickname else {
+        guard let targetPeerID = contextProvider?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname),
+              let myNickname = contextProvider?.nickname else {
             return .error(message: "cannot \(command) \(nickname): not found")
         }
         
         let emoteContent = "* \(emoji) \(myNickname) \(action) \(nickname)\(suffix) *"
         
-        if chatViewModel?.selectedPrivateChatPeer != nil {
+        if contextProvider?.selectedPrivateChatPeer != nil {
             // In private chat
             if let peerNickname = meshService?.peerNickname(peerID: targetPeerID) {
                 let personalMessage = "* \(emoji) \(myNickname) \(action) you\(suffix) *"
@@ -159,24 +198,24 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
                     }
                 }()
                 let localText = "\(emoji) you \(pastAction) \(nickname)\(suffix)"
-                chatViewModel?.addLocalPrivateSystemMessage(localText, to: targetPeerID)
+                contextProvider?.addLocalPrivateSystemMessage(localText, to: targetPeerID)
             }
         } else {
             // In public chat: send to active public channel (mesh or geohash)
-            chatViewModel?.sendPublicRaw(emoteContent)
+            contextProvider?.sendPublicRaw(emoteContent)
             let publicEcho = "\(emoji) \(myNickname) \(action) \(nickname)\(suffix)"
-            chatViewModel?.addPublicSystemMessage(publicEcho)
+            contextProvider?.addPublicSystemMessage(publicEcho)
         }
         
         return .handled
     }
     
     private func handleBlock(_ args: String) -> CommandResult {
-        let targetName = args.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+        let targetName = args.trimmed
         
         if targetName.isEmpty {
             // List blocked users (mesh) and geohash (Nostr) blocks
-            let meshBlocked = chatViewModel?.blockedUsers ?? []
+            let meshBlocked = contextProvider?.blockedUsers ?? []
             var blockedNicknames: [String] = []
             if let peers = meshService?.getPeerNicknames() {
                 for (peerID, nickname) in peers {
@@ -190,8 +229,8 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
             // Geohash blocked names (prefer visible display names; fallback to #suffix)
             let geoBlocked = Array(identityManager.getBlockedNostrPubkeys())
             var geoNames: [String] = []
-            if let vm = chatViewModel {
-                let visible = vm.visibleGeohashPeople()
+            if let vm = contextProvider {
+                let visible = vm.getVisibleGeoParticipants()
                 let visibleIndex = Dictionary(uniqueKeysWithValues: visible.map { ($0.id.lowercased(), $0.displayName) })
                 for pk in geoBlocked {
                     if let name = visibleIndex[pk.lowercased()] {
@@ -210,7 +249,7 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
         
         let nickname = targetName.hasPrefix("@") ? String(targetName.dropFirst()) : targetName
         
-        if let peerID = chatViewModel?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname),
+        if let peerID = contextProvider?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname),
            let fingerprint = meshService?.getFingerprint(for: peerID) {
             if identityManager.isBlocked(fingerprint: fingerprint) {
                 return .success(message: "\(nickname) is already blocked")
@@ -235,7 +274,7 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
             return .success(message: "blocked \(nickname). you will no longer receive messages from them")
         }
         // Mesh lookup failed; try geohash (Nostr) participant by display name
-        if let pub = chatViewModel?.nostrPubkeyForDisplayName(nickname) {
+        if let pub = contextProvider?.nostrPubkeyForDisplayName(nickname) {
             if identityManager.isNostrBlocked(pubkeyHexLowercased: pub) {
                 return .success(message: "\(nickname) is already blocked")
             }
@@ -247,14 +286,14 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
     }
     
     private func handleUnblock(_ args: String) -> CommandResult {
-        let targetName = args.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+        let targetName = args.trimmed
         guard !targetName.isEmpty else {
             return .error(message: "usage: /unblock <nickname>")
         }
         
         let nickname = targetName.hasPrefix("@") ? String(targetName.dropFirst()) : targetName
         
-        if let peerID = chatViewModel?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname),
+        if let peerID = contextProvider?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname),
            let fingerprint = meshService?.getFingerprint(for: peerID) {
             if !identityManager.isBlocked(fingerprint: fingerprint) {
                 return .success(message: "\(nickname) is not blocked")
@@ -263,7 +302,7 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
             return .success(message: "unblocked \(nickname)")
         }
         // Try geohash unblock
-        if let pub = chatViewModel?.nostrPubkeyForDisplayName(nickname) {
+        if let pub = contextProvider?.nostrPubkeyForDisplayName(nickname) {
             if !identityManager.isNostrBlocked(pubkeyHexLowercased: pub) {
                 return .success(message: "\(nickname) is not blocked")
             }
@@ -274,14 +313,14 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
     }
     
     private func handleFavorite(_ args: String, add: Bool) -> CommandResult {
-        let targetName = args.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+        let targetName = args.trimmed
         guard !targetName.isEmpty else {
             return .error(message: "usage: /\(add ? "fav" : "unfav") <nickname>")
         }
         
         let nickname = targetName.hasPrefix("@") ? String(targetName.dropFirst()) : targetName
         
-        guard let peerID = chatViewModel?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname),
+        guard let peerID = contextProvider?.getPeerIDForNickname(nickname),
               let noisePublicKey = Data(hexString: peerID.id) else {
             return .error(message: "can't find peer: \(nickname)")
         }
@@ -294,15 +333,15 @@ final class CommandProcessor {
                 peerNickname: nickname
             )
             
-            chatViewModel?.toggleFavorite(peerID: peerID)
-            chatViewModel?.sendFavoriteNotification(to: peerID, isFavorite: true)
+            contextProvider?.toggleFavorite(peerID: peerID)
+            contextProvider?.sendFavoriteNotification(to: peerID, isFavorite: true)
             
             return .success(message: "added \(nickname) to favorites")
         } else {
             FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.removeFavorite(peerNoisePublicKey: noisePublicKey)
             
-            chatViewModel?.toggleFavorite(peerID: peerID)
-            chatViewModel?.sendFavoriteNotification(to: peerID, isFavorite: false)
+            contextProvider?.toggleFavorite(peerID: peerID)
+            contextProvider?.sendFavoriteNotification(to: peerID, isFavorite: false)
             
             return .success(message: "removed \(nickname) from favorites")
         }

bitchat/Services/FavoritesPersistenceService.swift

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import BitLogger
+import BitFoundation
 import Foundation
 import Combine
 
@@ -26,17 +27,14 @@ final class FavoritesPersistenceService: ObservableObject {
 
     private static let storageKey = "chat.bitchat.favorites"
     private static let keychainService = "chat.bitchat.favorites"
-    private let keychain: KeychainHelperProtocol
+    private let keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol
     
     @Published private(set) var favorites: [Data: FavoriteRelationship] = [:] // Noise pubkey -> relationship
     @Published private(set) var mutualFavorites: Set<Data> = []
     
-    private let userDefaults = UserDefaults.standard
-    private var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
-    
     static let shared = FavoritesPersistenceService()
-    
-    init(keychain: KeychainHelperProtocol = KeychainHelper()) {
+
+    init(keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol = KeychainManager()) {
         self.keychain = keychain
         loadFavorites()
         

bitchat/Services/GeohashBookmarksStore.swift

@@ -1,219 +0,0 @@
-import Foundation
-import Combine
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
-import CoreLocation
-#endif
-
-/// Stores a user-maintained list of bookmarked geohash channels.
-/// - Persistence: UserDefaults (JSON string array)
-/// - Semantics: geohashes are normalized to lowercase base32 and de-duplicated
-final class GeohashBookmarksStore: ObservableObject {
-    static let shared = GeohashBookmarksStore()
-
-    @Published private(set) var bookmarks: [String] = []
-    @Published private(set) var bookmarkNames: [String: String] = [:] // geohash -> friendly name
-
-    private let storeKey = "locationChannel.bookmarks"
-    private let namesStoreKey = "locationChannel.bookmarkNames"
-    private var membership: Set<String> = []
-    #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
-    private let geocoder = CLGeocoder()
-    private var resolving: Set<String> = []
-    #endif
-    
-    private let storage: UserDefaults
-
-    init(storage: UserDefaults = .standard) {
-        self.storage = storage
-        load()
-    }
-
-    // MARK: - Public API
-    func isBookmarked(_ geohash: String) -> Bool {
-        return membership.contains(Self.normalize(geohash))
-    }
-
-    func toggle(_ geohash: String) {
-        let gh = Self.normalize(geohash)
-        if membership.contains(gh) {
-            remove(gh)
-        } else {
-            add(gh)
-        }
-    }
-
-    func add(_ geohash: String) {
-        let gh = Self.normalize(geohash)
-        guard !gh.isEmpty else { return }
-        guard !membership.contains(gh) else { return }
-        bookmarks.insert(gh, at: 0)
-        membership.insert(gh)
-        persist()
-        // Resolve and persist a friendly name once when added
-        resolveNameIfNeeded(for: gh)
-    }
-
-    func remove(_ geohash: String) {
-        let gh = Self.normalize(geohash)
-        guard membership.contains(gh) else { return }
-        if let idx = bookmarks.firstIndex(of: gh) { bookmarks.remove(at: idx) }
-        membership.remove(gh)
-        // Clean up stored name to avoid stale cache growth
-        if bookmarkNames.removeValue(forKey: gh) != nil {
-            persistNames()
-        }
-        persist()
-    }
-
-    // MARK: - Persistence
-    private func load() {
-        guard let data = storage.data(forKey: storeKey) else { return }
-        if let arr = try? JSONDecoder().decode([String].self, from: data) {
-            // Sanitize, normalize, dedupe while preserving order (first occurrence wins)
-            var seen = Set<String>()
-            var list: [String] = []
-            for raw in arr {
-                let gh = Self.normalize(raw)
-                guard !gh.isEmpty else { continue }
-                if !seen.contains(gh) {
-                    seen.insert(gh)
-                    list.append(gh)
-                }
-            }
-            bookmarks = list
-            membership = seen
-        }
-        // Load any saved names
-        if let namesData = storage.data(forKey: namesStoreKey),
-           let dict = try? JSONDecoder().decode([String: String].self, from: namesData) {
-            bookmarkNames = dict
-        }
-    }
-
-    private func persist() {
-        if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(bookmarks) {
-            storage.set(data, forKey: storeKey)
-        }
-    }
-
-    private func persistNames() {
-        if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(bookmarkNames) {
-            storage.set(data, forKey: namesStoreKey)
-        }
-    }
-
-    // MARK: - Helpers
-    private static func normalize(_ s: String) -> String {
-        let allowed = Set("0123456789bcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz")
-        return s
-            .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
-            .lowercased()
-            .replacingOccurrences(of: "#", with: "")
-            .filter { allowed.contains($0) }
-    }
-
-    // MARK: - Name Resolution
-    /// Attempt to resolve and persist a friendly place name for a bookmarked geohash.
-    func resolveNameIfNeeded(for geohash: String) {
-        let gh = Self.normalize(geohash)
-        guard !gh.isEmpty else { return }
-        if bookmarkNames[gh] != nil { return }
-        #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
-        if resolving.contains(gh) { return }
-        resolving.insert(gh)
-        // For very coarse geohashes, sample multiple points to capture multiple admin areas
-        if gh.count <= 2 {
-            let b = Geohash.decodeBounds(gh)
-            let pts: [CLLocation] = [
-                CLLocation(latitude: (b.latMin + b.latMax) / 2, longitude: (b.lonMin + b.lonMax) / 2), // center
-                CLLocation(latitude: b.latMin, longitude: b.lonMin),
-                CLLocation(latitude: b.latMin, longitude: b.lonMax),
-                CLLocation(latitude: b.latMax, longitude: b.lonMin),
-                CLLocation(latitude: b.latMax, longitude: b.lonMax)
-            ]
-            resolveCompositeAdminName(geohash: gh, points: pts)
-        } else {
-            let center = Geohash.decodeCenter(gh)
-            let loc = CLLocation(latitude: center.lat, longitude: center.lon)
-            geocoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(loc) { [weak self] placemarks, _ in
-                guard let self = self else { return }
-                defer { self.resolving.remove(gh) }
-                if let pm = placemarks?.first {
-                    let name = Self.nameForGeohashLength(gh.count, from: pm)
-                    if let name = name, !name.isEmpty {
-                        DispatchQueue.main.async {
-                            self.bookmarkNames[gh] = name
-                            self.persistNames()
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        #endif
-    }
-
-    #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
-    private func resolveCompositeAdminName(geohash gh: String, points: [CLLocation]) {
-        var uniqueAdmins = OrderedSet<String>()
-        var idx = 0
-        func step() {
-            if idx >= points.count {
-                // Compose up to 2 names joined by ' and '
-                let finalName: String? = {
-                    let names = uniqueAdmins.array
-                    if names.count >= 2 { return names[0] + " and " + names[1] }
-                    return names.first
-                }()
-                if let finalName = finalName, !finalName.isEmpty {
-                    DispatchQueue.main.async {
-                        self.bookmarkNames[gh] = finalName
-                        self.persistNames()
-                    }
-                }
-                self.resolving.remove(gh)
-                return
-            }
-            let loc = points[idx]
-            idx += 1
-            geocoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(loc) { [weak self] placemarks, _ in
-                guard self != nil else { return }
-                if let pm = placemarks?.first {
-                    if let admin = pm.administrativeArea, !admin.isEmpty {
-                        uniqueAdmins.insert(admin)
-                    } else if let country = pm.country, !country.isEmpty {
-                        uniqueAdmins.insert(country)
-                    }
-                }
-                // Proceed to next point
-                step()
-            }
-        }
-        step()
-    }
-
-    // Minimal ordered-set for stable joining
-    private struct OrderedSet<Element: Hashable> {
-        private var set: Set<Element> = []
-        private(set) var array: [Element] = []
-        mutating func insert(_ element: Element) {
-            if set.insert(element).inserted { array.append(element) }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static func nameForGeohashLength(_ len: Int, from pm: CLPlacemark) -> String? {
-        switch len {
-        case 0...2:
-            // Prefer administrative area if available at this coarse level
-            return pm.administrativeArea ?? pm.country
-        case 3...4:
-            return pm.administrativeArea ?? pm.subAdministrativeArea ?? pm.country
-        case 5:
-            return pm.locality ?? pm.subAdministrativeArea ?? pm.administrativeArea
-        case 6...7:
-            return pm.subLocality ?? pm.locality ?? pm.administrativeArea
-        default:
-            return pm.subLocality ?? pm.locality ?? pm.administrativeArea ?? pm.country
-        }
-    }
-    #endif
-}

bitchat/Services/GeohashParticipantTracker.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+//
+// GeohashParticipantTracker.swift
+// bitchat
+//
+// Tracks participants in geohash-based location channels.
+// This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+/// Represents a participant in a geohash channel
+public struct GeoPerson: Identifiable, Equatable, Sendable {
+    public let id: String        // pubkey hex (lowercased)
+    public let displayName: String
+    public let lastSeen: Date
+
+    public init(id: String, displayName: String, lastSeen: Date) {
+        self.id = id
+        self.displayName = displayName
+        self.lastSeen = lastSeen
+    }
+}
+
+/// Protocol for resolving display names and checking block status
+@MainActor
+public protocol GeohashParticipantContext: AnyObject {
+    /// Returns display name for a Nostr pubkey (e.g., "alice#a1b2" or "anon#c3d4")
+    func displayNameForPubkey(_ pubkeyHex: String) -> String
+    /// Returns true if the pubkey is blocked
+    func isBlocked(_ pubkeyHexLowercased: String) -> Bool
+}
+
+/// Tracks participants across multiple geohash channels
+@MainActor
+public final class GeohashParticipantTracker: ObservableObject {
+
+    /// Activity cutoff duration (defaults to 5 minutes)
+    public let activityCutoff: TimeInterval
+
+    /// Per-geohash participant map: [geohash: [pubkeyHex: lastSeen]]
+    private var participants: [String: [String: Date]] = [:]
+
+    /// Currently visible people for the active geohash
+    @Published public private(set) var visiblePeople: [GeoPerson] = []
+
+    /// The currently active geohash (if any)
+    private var activeGeohash: String?
+
+    /// Context for display name resolution and block checking
+    private weak var context: GeohashParticipantContext?
+
+    /// Timer for periodic refresh
+    private var refreshTimer: Timer?
+
+    public init(activityCutoff: TimeInterval = -300) { // default 5 minutes
+        self.activityCutoff = activityCutoff
+    }
+
+    /// Configure with a context provider
+    public func configure(context: GeohashParticipantContext) {
+        self.context = context
+    }
+
+    /// Set the currently active geohash
+    public func setActiveGeohash(_ geohash: String?) {
+        activeGeohash = geohash
+        if geohash == nil {
+            visiblePeople = []
+        } else {
+            refresh()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Record activity from a participant in the current active geohash
+    public func recordParticipant(pubkeyHex: String) {
+        guard let gh = activeGeohash else { return }
+        recordParticipant(pubkeyHex: pubkeyHex, geohash: gh)
+    }
+
+    /// Record activity from a participant in a specific geohash
+    public func recordParticipant(pubkeyHex: String, geohash: String) {
+        let key = pubkeyHex.lowercased()
+        var map = participants[geohash] ?? [:]
+        map[key] = Date()
+        participants[geohash] = map
+        
+        // Always notify observers that state has changed so counts in UI update
+        objectWillChange.send()
+
+        // Only refresh visible list if this geohash is currently active
+        if activeGeohash == geohash {
+            refresh()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Remove a participant from all geohashes (used when blocking)
+    public func removeParticipant(pubkeyHex: String) {
+        let key = pubkeyHex.lowercased()
+        for (gh, var map) in participants {
+            map.removeValue(forKey: key)
+            participants[gh] = map
+        }
+        refresh()
+    }
+
+    /// Get participant count for a specific geohash
+    public func participantCount(for geohash: String) -> Int {
+        let cutoff = Date().addingTimeInterval(activityCutoff)
+        let map = participants[geohash] ?? [:]
+        return map.values.filter { $0 >= cutoff }.count
+    }
+
+    /// Get the visible people list for the active geohash (read-only query)
+    public func getVisiblePeople() -> [GeoPerson] {
+        guard let gh = activeGeohash, let context = context else { return [] }
+        let cutoff = Date().addingTimeInterval(activityCutoff)
+        let map = (participants[gh] ?? [:])
+            .filter { $0.value >= cutoff }
+            .filter { !context.isBlocked($0.key) }
+
+        return map
+            .map { (pub, seen) in
+                GeoPerson(id: pub, displayName: context.displayNameForPubkey(pub), lastSeen: seen)
+            }
+            .sorted { $0.lastSeen > $1.lastSeen }
+    }
+
+    /// Refresh the visible people list
+    public func refresh() {
+        visiblePeople = getVisiblePeople()
+    }
+
+    /// Start the periodic refresh timer
+    public func startRefreshTimer(interval: TimeInterval = 30.0) {
+        stopRefreshTimer()
+        refreshTimer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: interval, repeats: true) { [weak self] _ in
+            Task { @MainActor in
+                self?.refresh()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Stop the periodic refresh timer
+    public func stopRefreshTimer() {
+        refreshTimer?.invalidate()
+        refreshTimer = nil
+    }
+
+    /// Clear all participant data
+    public func clear() {
+        participants.removeAll()
+        visiblePeople = []
+    }
+
+    /// Clear participant data for a specific geohash
+    public func clear(geohash: String) {
+        participants.removeValue(forKey: geohash)
+        if activeGeohash == geohash {
+            visiblePeople = []
+        }
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/GeohashPresenceService.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+//
+// GeohashPresenceService.swift
+// bitchat
+//
+// Manages the broadcasting of ephemeral presence heartbeats (Kind 20001)
+// to geohash location channels.
+//
+// This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+import Combine
+import BitLogger
+import Tor
+
+protocol GeohashPresenceTimerProtocol: AnyObject {
+    var isValid: Bool { get }
+    func invalidate()
+}
+
+private final class GeohashPresenceTimerAdapter: GeohashPresenceTimerProtocol {
+    private let base: Timer
+
+    init(base: Timer) {
+        self.base = base
+    }
+
+    var isValid: Bool { base.isValid }
+
+    func invalidate() {
+        base.invalidate()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Service that coordinates the broadcasting of presence heartbeats.
+///
+/// Behavior:
+/// - Monitors location changes via LocationStateManager
+/// - Broadcasts Kind 20001 events to low-precision geohash channels
+/// - Uses randomized timing (40-80s loop) and decorrelated bursts
+/// - Respects privacy by NOT broadcasting to Neighborhood/Block/Building levels
+@MainActor
+final class GeohashPresenceService: ObservableObject {
+    static let shared = GeohashPresenceService()
+
+    private var subscriptions = Set<AnyCancellable>()
+    private var heartbeatTimer: GeohashPresenceTimerProtocol?
+    private let availableChannelsProvider: () -> [GeohashChannel]
+    private let locationChanges: AnyPublisher<[GeohashChannel], Never>
+    private let torReadyPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never>
+    private let torIsReady: () -> Bool
+    private let torIsForeground: () -> Bool
+    private let deriveIdentity: (String) throws -> NostrIdentity
+    private let relayLookup: (String, Int) -> [String]
+    private let relaySender: (NostrEvent, [String]) -> Void
+    private let sleeper: (UInt64) async -> Void
+    private let scheduleTimer: (TimeInterval, @escaping () -> Void) -> GeohashPresenceTimerProtocol
+    
+    // MARK: - Constants
+
+    // Loop interval range in seconds
+    private let loopMinInterval: TimeInterval
+    private let loopMaxInterval: TimeInterval
+    
+    // Per-broadcast decorrelation delay range in seconds
+    private let burstMinDelay: TimeInterval
+    private let burstMaxDelay: TimeInterval
+
+    // Privacy: Only broadcast to these levels
+    private let allowedPrecisions: Set<Int> = [
+        GeohashChannelLevel.region.precision,    // 2
+        GeohashChannelLevel.province.precision,  // 4
+        GeohashChannelLevel.city.precision       // 5
+    ]
+
+    private init() {
+        let idBridge = NostrIdentityBridge()
+        self.availableChannelsProvider = { LocationStateManager.shared.availableChannels }
+        self.locationChanges = LocationStateManager.shared.$availableChannels.eraseToAnyPublisher()
+        self.torReadyPublisher = NotificationCenter.default.publisher(for: .TorDidBecomeReady)
+            .map { _ in () }
+            .eraseToAnyPublisher()
+        self.torIsReady = { TorManager.shared.isReady }
+        self.torIsForeground = { TorManager.shared.isForeground() }
+        self.deriveIdentity = { try idBridge.deriveIdentity(forGeohash: $0) }
+        self.relayLookup = { geohash, count in
+            GeoRelayDirectory.shared.closestRelays(toGeohash: geohash, count: count)
+        }
+        self.relaySender = { event, relays in
+            NostrRelayManager.shared.sendEvent(event, to: relays)
+        }
+        self.sleeper = { nanoseconds in
+            try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: nanoseconds)
+        }
+        self.scheduleTimer = { interval, action in
+            GeohashPresenceTimerAdapter(
+                base: Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: interval, repeats: false) { _ in
+                    action()
+                }
+            )
+        }
+        self.loopMinInterval = 40.0
+        self.loopMaxInterval = 80.0
+        self.burstMinDelay = 2.0
+        self.burstMaxDelay = 5.0
+        setupObservers()
+    }
+
+    internal init(
+        availableChannelsProvider: @escaping () -> [GeohashChannel],
+        locationChanges: AnyPublisher<[GeohashChannel], Never>,
+        torReadyPublisher: AnyPublisher<Void, Never>,
+        torIsReady: @escaping () -> Bool,
+        torIsForeground: @escaping () -> Bool,
+        deriveIdentity: @escaping (String) throws -> NostrIdentity,
+        relayLookup: @escaping (String, Int) -> [String],
+        relaySender: @escaping (NostrEvent, [String]) -> Void,
+        sleeper: @escaping (UInt64) async -> Void = { nanoseconds in try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: nanoseconds) },
+        scheduleTimer: @escaping (TimeInterval, @escaping () -> Void) -> GeohashPresenceTimerProtocol = { interval, action in
+            GeohashPresenceTimerAdapter(
+                base: Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: interval, repeats: false) { _ in
+                    action()
+                }
+            )
+        },
+        loopMinInterval: TimeInterval = 40.0,
+        loopMaxInterval: TimeInterval = 80.0,
+        burstMinDelay: TimeInterval = 2.0,
+        burstMaxDelay: TimeInterval = 5.0
+    ) {
+        self.availableChannelsProvider = availableChannelsProvider
+        self.locationChanges = locationChanges
+        self.torReadyPublisher = torReadyPublisher
+        self.torIsReady = torIsReady
+        self.torIsForeground = torIsForeground
+        self.deriveIdentity = deriveIdentity
+        self.relayLookup = relayLookup
+        self.relaySender = relaySender
+        self.sleeper = sleeper
+        self.scheduleTimer = scheduleTimer
+        self.loopMinInterval = loopMinInterval
+        self.loopMaxInterval = loopMaxInterval
+        self.burstMinDelay = burstMinDelay
+        self.burstMaxDelay = burstMaxDelay
+        setupObservers()
+    }
+    
+    /// Start the service (safe to call multiple times)
+    func start() {
+        SecureLogger.info("Presence: service starting...", category: .session)
+        scheduleNextHeartbeat()
+    }
+
+    private func setupObservers() {
+        // Monitor location channel changes
+        locationChanges
+            .dropFirst()
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.handleLocationChange()
+            }
+            .store(in: &subscriptions)
+
+        // Monitor Tor readiness to kick off heartbeat if it was stalled
+        torReadyPublisher
+            .sink { [weak self] _ in
+                self?.handleConnectivityChange()
+            }
+            .store(in: &subscriptions)
+    }
+
+    func handleLocationChange() {
+        // When location changes, we trigger an immediate (but slightly delayed) heartbeat
+        // to announce presence in the new zone, then reset the loop.
+        SecureLogger.debug("Presence: location changed, scheduling update", category: .session)
+        heartbeatTimer?.invalidate()
+        
+        // Small delay to allow location state to settle
+        heartbeatTimer = scheduleTimer(5.0) { [weak self] in
+            Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+                self?.performHeartbeat()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    
+    func handleConnectivityChange() {
+        SecureLogger.debug("Presence: connectivity restored, triggering heartbeat", category: .session)
+        // If we were waiting for network, do it now
+        if heartbeatTimer == nil || !heartbeatTimer!.isValid {
+            scheduleNextHeartbeat()
+        }
+    }
+
+    func scheduleNextHeartbeat() {
+        heartbeatTimer?.invalidate()
+        let interval = TimeInterval.random(in: loopMinInterval...loopMaxInterval)
+        heartbeatTimer = scheduleTimer(interval) { [weak self] in
+            Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+                self?.performHeartbeat()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func performHeartbeat() {
+        // Always schedule next loop first ensures continuity even if this one fails/skips
+        defer { scheduleNextHeartbeat() }
+
+        // 1. Check preconditions
+        guard torIsReady() else {
+            SecureLogger.debug("Presence: skipping heartbeat (Tor not ready)", category: .session)
+            return
+        }
+        
+        // App must be active (or at least we shouldn't broadcast if in background, usually)
+        if !torIsForeground() {
+            return
+        }
+
+        // 2. Get channels
+        let channels = availableChannelsProvider()
+        guard !channels.isEmpty else { return }
+
+        // 3. Filter and broadcast
+        // We use Task + sleep for decorrelation to allow the main runloop to proceed
+        for channel in channels {
+            // Check privacy restriction
+            if !self.allowedPrecisions.contains(channel.geohash.count) {
+                continue
+            }
+            
+            // Launch independent task for each channel's delay
+            Task { @MainActor in
+                // Random delay for decorrelation
+                let delay = TimeInterval.random(in: self.burstMinDelay...self.burstMaxDelay)
+                let nanoseconds = UInt64(delay * 1_000_000_000)
+                await self.sleeper(nanoseconds)
+                
+                self.broadcastPresence(for: channel.geohash)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func broadcastPresence(for geohash: String) {
+        do {
+            guard let identity = try? deriveIdentity(geohash) else {
+                return
+            }
+            
+            let event = try NostrProtocol.createGeohashPresenceEvent(
+                geohash: geohash,
+                senderIdentity: identity
+            )
+            
+            // Send via RelayManager
+            let targetRelays = relayLookup(geohash, TransportConfig.nostrGeoRelayCount)
+            
+            if !targetRelays.isEmpty {
+                relaySender(event, targetRelays)
+                SecureLogger.debug("Presence: sent heartbeat for \(geohash) (pub=\(identity.publicKeyHex.prefix(6))...)", category: .session)
+            }
+        } catch {
+            SecureLogger.error("Presence: failed to create event for \(geohash): \(error)", category: .session)
+        }
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/KeychainManager.swift

@@ -7,21 +7,10 @@
 //
 
 import BitLogger
+import BitFoundation
 import Foundation
 import Security
 
-protocol KeychainManagerProtocol {
-    func saveIdentityKey(_ keyData: Data, forKey key: String) -> Bool
-    func getIdentityKey(forKey key: String) -> Data?
-    func deleteIdentityKey(forKey key: String) -> Bool
-    func deleteAllKeychainData() -> Bool
-    
-    func secureClear(_ data: inout Data)
-    func secureClear(_ string: inout String)
-    
-    func verifyIdentityKeyExists() -> Bool
-}
-
 final class KeychainManager: KeychainManagerProtocol {
     // Use consistent service name for all keychain items
     private let service = BitchatApp.bundleID
@@ -46,7 +35,181 @@ final class KeychainManager: KeychainManagerProtocol {
         SecureLogger.logKeyOperation(.delete, keyType: key, success: result)
         return result
     }
-    
+
+    // MARK: - BCH-01-009: Methods with Proper Error Classification
+
+    /// Get identity key with detailed result for proper error handling
+    /// Distinguishes between missing keys (expected) and critical failures
+    func getIdentityKeyWithResult(forKey key: String) -> KeychainReadResult {
+        let fullKey = "identity_\(key)"
+        return retrieveDataWithResult(forKey: fullKey)
+    }
+
+    /// Save identity key with detailed result and retry logic for transient errors
+    func saveIdentityKeyWithResult(_ keyData: Data, forKey key: String) -> KeychainSaveResult {
+        let fullKey = "identity_\(key)"
+        return saveDataWithResult(keyData, forKey: fullKey)
+    }
+
+    /// Internal method to save data with detailed result and retry for transient errors
+    private func saveDataWithResult(_ data: Data, forKey key: String, retryCount: Int = 2) -> KeychainSaveResult {
+        // Delete any existing item first to ensure clean state
+        _ = delete(forKey: key)
+
+        // Build base query
+        var base: [String: Any] = [
+            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
+            kSecAttrAccount as String: key,
+            kSecValueData as String: data,
+            kSecAttrService as String: service,
+            kSecAttrAccessible as String: kSecAttrAccessibleWhenUnlocked,
+            kSecAttrLabel as String: "bitchat-\(key)"
+        ]
+        #if os(macOS)
+        base[kSecAttrSynchronizable as String] = false
+        #endif
+
+        func attempt(addAccessGroup: Bool) -> OSStatus {
+            var query = base
+            if addAccessGroup { query[kSecAttrAccessGroup as String] = appGroup }
+            return SecItemAdd(query as CFDictionary, nil)
+        }
+
+        #if os(iOS)
+        var status = attempt(addAccessGroup: true)
+        if status == -34018 { // Missing entitlement, retry without access group
+            status = attempt(addAccessGroup: false)
+        }
+        #else
+        let status = attempt(addAccessGroup: false)
+        #endif
+
+        // Classify the result
+        let result = classifySaveStatus(status)
+
+        // Log all outcomes consistently
+        switch result {
+        case .success:
+            SecureLogger.debug("Keychain save succeeded for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        case .duplicateItem:
+            SecureLogger.warning("Keychain save found duplicate for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        case .accessDenied:
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: Int(status)),
+                               context: "Keychain access denied for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        case .deviceLocked:
+            SecureLogger.warning("Device locked during keychain save for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        case .storageFull:
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: Int(status)),
+                               context: "Keychain storage full for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        case .otherError(let code):
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: Int(code)),
+                               context: "Keychain save failed for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        }
+
+        // Retry transient errors with exponential backoff
+        if result.isRecoverableError && retryCount > 0 {
+            let delayMs = UInt32((3 - retryCount) * 100) // 100ms, 200ms backoff
+            usleep(delayMs * 1000)
+            SecureLogger.debug("Retrying keychain save for key: \(key), attempts remaining: \(retryCount)", category: .keychain)
+            return saveDataWithResult(data, forKey: key, retryCount: retryCount - 1)
+        }
+
+        return result
+    }
+
+    /// Internal method to retrieve data with detailed result
+    private func retrieveDataWithResult(forKey key: String) -> KeychainReadResult {
+        let base: [String: Any] = [
+            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
+            kSecAttrAccount as String: key,
+            kSecAttrService as String: service,
+            kSecReturnData as String: true,
+            kSecMatchLimit as String: kSecMatchLimitOne
+        ]
+
+        var result: AnyObject?
+        func attempt(withAccessGroup: Bool) -> OSStatus {
+            var q = base
+            if withAccessGroup { q[kSecAttrAccessGroup as String] = appGroup }
+            return SecItemCopyMatching(q as CFDictionary, &result)
+        }
+
+        #if os(iOS)
+        var status = attempt(withAccessGroup: true)
+        if status == -34018 { status = attempt(withAccessGroup: false) }
+        #else
+        let status = attempt(withAccessGroup: false)
+        #endif
+
+        // Classify the result
+        let readResult = classifyReadStatus(status, data: result as? Data)
+
+        // Log all outcomes consistently
+        switch readResult {
+        case .success:
+            SecureLogger.debug("Keychain read succeeded for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        case .itemNotFound:
+            // Expected case - no logging needed for missing keys
+            break
+        case .accessDenied:
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: Int(status)),
+                               context: "Keychain access denied for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        case .deviceLocked:
+            SecureLogger.warning("Device locked during keychain read for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        case .authenticationFailed:
+            SecureLogger.warning("Authentication failed for keychain read of key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        case .otherError(let code):
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: Int(code)),
+                               context: "Keychain read failed for key: \(key)", category: .keychain)
+        }
+
+        return readResult
+    }
+
+    /// Classify keychain read status into meaningful categories
+    private func classifyReadStatus(_ status: OSStatus, data: Data?) -> KeychainReadResult {
+        switch status {
+        case errSecSuccess:
+            if let data = data {
+                return .success(data)
+            }
+            return .otherError(status)
+        case errSecItemNotFound:
+            return .itemNotFound
+        case errSecInteractionNotAllowed:
+            // Device is locked or in a state that doesn't allow keychain access
+            return .deviceLocked
+        case errSecAuthFailed:
+            return .authenticationFailed
+        case -34018: // errSecMissingEntitlement
+            return .accessDenied
+        case errSecNotAvailable:
+            return .accessDenied
+        default:
+            return .otherError(status)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Classify keychain save status into meaningful categories
+    private func classifySaveStatus(_ status: OSStatus) -> KeychainSaveResult {
+        switch status {
+        case errSecSuccess:
+            return .success
+        case errSecDuplicateItem:
+            return .duplicateItem
+        case errSecInteractionNotAllowed:
+            return .deviceLocked
+        case -34018: // errSecMissingEntitlement
+            return .accessDenied
+        case errSecNotAvailable:
+            return .accessDenied
+        case errSecDiskFull:
+            return .storageFull
+        default:
+            return .otherError(status)
+        }
+    }
+
     // MARK: - Generic Operations
     
     private func save(_ value: String, forKey key: String) -> Bool {
@@ -309,9 +472,54 @@ final class KeychainManager: KeychainManagerProtocol {
     }
     
     // MARK: - Debug
-    
+
     func verifyIdentityKeyExists() -> Bool {
         let key = "identity_noiseStaticKey"
         return retrieveData(forKey: key) != nil
     }
+
+    // MARK: - Generic Data Storage (consolidated from KeychainHelper)
+
+    /// Save data with a custom service name
+    func save(key: String, data: Data, service customService: String, accessible: CFString?) {
+        var query: [String: Any] = [
+            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
+            kSecAttrService as String: customService,
+            kSecAttrAccount as String: key,
+            kSecValueData as String: data
+        ]
+        if let accessible = accessible {
+            query[kSecAttrAccessible as String] = accessible
+        }
+
+        SecItemDelete(query as CFDictionary)
+        SecItemAdd(query as CFDictionary, nil)
+    }
+
+    /// Load data from a custom service
+    func load(key: String, service customService: String) -> Data? {
+        let query: [String: Any] = [
+            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
+            kSecAttrService as String: customService,
+            kSecAttrAccount as String: key,
+            kSecReturnData as String: true
+        ]
+
+        var result: AnyObject?
+        let status = SecItemCopyMatching(query as CFDictionary, &result)
+
+        guard status == errSecSuccess else { return nil }
+        return result as? Data
+    }
+
+    /// Delete data from a custom service
+    func delete(key: String, service customService: String) {
+        let query: [String: Any] = [
+            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
+            kSecAttrService as String: customService,
+            kSecAttrAccount as String: key
+        ]
+
+        SecItemDelete(query as CFDictionary)
+    }
 }

bitchat/Services/LocationChannelManager.swift

@@ -1,306 +0,0 @@
-import BitLogger
-import Foundation
-import Combine
-
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
-import CoreLocation
-
-/// Manages location permissions, one-shot location retrieval, and computing geohash channels.
-/// Not main-actor isolated to satisfy CLLocationManagerDelegate in Swift 6; state updates hop to MainActor.
-final class LocationChannelManager: NSObject, CLLocationManagerDelegate, ObservableObject {
-    static let shared = LocationChannelManager()
-
-    enum PermissionState: Equatable {
-        case notDetermined
-        case denied
-        case restricted
-        case authorized
-    }
-
-    private let cl = CLLocationManager()
-    private let geocoder = CLGeocoder()
-    private var lastLocation: CLLocation?
-    private var refreshTimer: Timer?
-    private let userDefaultsKey = "locationChannel.selected"
-    private let teleportedStoreKey = "locationChannel.teleportedSet"
-    private var isGeocoding: Bool = false
-
-    // Published state for UI bindings
-    @Published private(set) var permissionState: PermissionState = .notDetermined
-    @Published private(set) var availableChannels: [GeohashChannel] = []
-    @Published private(set) var selectedChannel: ChannelID = .mesh
-    // True when the current location channel was selected via manual teleport
-    @Published var teleported: Bool = false
-    @Published private(set) var locationNames: [GeohashChannelLevel: String] = [:]
-
-    // Persisted set of geohashes that were selected via teleport
-    private var teleportedSet: Set<String> = []
-
-    private override init() {
-        super.init()
-        cl.delegate = self
-        cl.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters
-        cl.distanceFilter = TransportConfig.locationDistanceFilterMeters // meters; we're not tracking continuously
-        // Load selection
-        if let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: userDefaultsKey),
-           let channel = try? JSONDecoder().decode(ChannelID.self, from: data) {
-            selectedChannel = channel
-        }
-        // Load persisted teleported set
-        if let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: teleportedStoreKey),
-           let arr = try? JSONDecoder().decode([String].self, from: data) {
-            teleportedSet = Set(arr)
-        }
-        // Do not eagerly mark teleported on startup; wait for location to compute regional set.
-        // This avoids showing teleported for in-region channels during cold start.
-        let status: CLAuthorizationStatus
-        if #available(iOS 14.0, macOS 11.0, *) {
-            status = cl.authorizationStatus
-        } else {
-            status = CLLocationManager.authorizationStatus()
-        }
-        updatePermissionState(from: status)
-        // If we don't have location authorization at startup, fall back to persisted teleport state
-        switch status {
-        case .authorizedAlways, .authorizedWhenInUse, .authorized:
-            break // will compute from location
-        case .notDetermined, .restricted, .denied:
-            fallthrough
-        @unknown default:
-            if case .location(let ch) = selectedChannel {
-                teleported = teleportedSet.contains(ch.geohash)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // MARK: - Public API
-    func enableLocationChannels() {
-        let status: CLAuthorizationStatus
-        if #available(iOS 14.0, macOS 11.0, *) {
-            status = cl.authorizationStatus
-        } else {
-            status = CLLocationManager.authorizationStatus()
-        }
-        switch status {
-        case .notDetermined:
-            cl.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
-        case .restricted:
-            Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = .restricted }
-        case .denied:
-            Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = .denied }
-        case .authorizedAlways, .authorizedWhenInUse, .authorized:
-            Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = .authorized }
-            requestOneShotLocation()
-        @unknown default:
-            Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = .restricted }
-        }
-    }
-
-    func refreshChannels() {
-        if permissionState == .authorized {
-            requestOneShotLocation()
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Begin continuous, distance-filtered updates while the channel sheet is visible.
-    /// Uses a 21m filter (configurable) to only refresh on meaningful movement.
-    func beginLiveRefresh(interval: TimeInterval = TransportConfig.locationLiveRefreshInterval) {
-        guard permissionState == .authorized else { return }
-        // Stop any previous polling timer
-        refreshTimer?.invalidate()
-        refreshTimer = nil
-        // Tighten accuracy and distance filter for live view
-        cl.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters
-        cl.distanceFilter = TransportConfig.locationDistanceFilterLiveMeters
-        // Start continuous updates
-        cl.startUpdatingLocation()
-        // Request an immediate fix to populate UI without waiting for movement
-        requestOneShotLocation()
-    }
-
-    /// Stop continuous refreshes when selector UI is dismissed.
-    func endLiveRefresh() {
-        refreshTimer?.invalidate()
-        refreshTimer = nil
-        cl.stopUpdatingLocation()
-        // Restore more relaxed defaults for background/idle state
-        cl.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters
-        cl.distanceFilter = TransportConfig.locationDistanceFilterMeters
-    }
-
-    func select(_ channel: ChannelID) {
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.selectedChannel = channel
-            if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(channel) {
-                UserDefaults.standard.set(data, forKey: self.userDefaultsKey)
-            }
-            // Update teleported flag based on persisted state for immediate UI behavior
-            switch channel {
-            case .mesh:
-                self.teleported = false
-            case .location(let ch):
-                // If this geohash is in our current regional set, do NOT mark teleported.
-                let inRegional = self.availableChannels.contains { $0.geohash == ch.geohash }
-                if inRegional {
-                    self.teleported = false
-                    // Clear persisted teleport for this geohash to keep future selections clean
-                    if self.teleportedSet.contains(ch.geohash) {
-                        self.teleportedSet.remove(ch.geohash)
-                        if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(Array(self.teleportedSet)) {
-                            UserDefaults.standard.set(data, forKey: self.teleportedStoreKey)
-                        }
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    // Fall back to persisted mark (set by deep link or manual teleport)
-                    self.teleported = self.teleportedSet.contains(ch.geohash)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Mark or unmark a geohash as teleported in persistence and update current flag if relevant
-    func markTeleported(for geohash: String, _ flag: Bool) {
-        if flag { teleportedSet.insert(geohash) } else { teleportedSet.remove(geohash) }
-        if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(Array(teleportedSet)) {
-            UserDefaults.standard.set(data, forKey: teleportedStoreKey)
-        }
-        if case .location(let ch) = selectedChannel, ch.geohash == geohash {
-            Task { @MainActor in self.teleported = flag }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // MARK: - CoreLocation
-    private func requestOneShotLocation() {
-        cl.requestLocation()
-    }
-
-    // iOS < 14
-    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didChangeAuthorization status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {
-        updatePermissionState(from: status)
-        if case .authorized = permissionState {
-            requestOneShotLocation()
-        }
-    }
-
-    // iOS 14+ / macOS 11+
-    @available(iOS 14.0, macOS 11.0, *)
-    func locationManagerDidChangeAuthorization(_ manager: CLLocationManager) {
-        updatePermissionState(from: manager.authorizationStatus)
-        if case .authorized = permissionState {
-            requestOneShotLocation()
-        }
-    }
-
-    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
-        guard let loc = locations.last else { return }
-        lastLocation = loc
-        computeChannels(from: loc.coordinate)
-        reverseGeocodeIfNeeded(location: loc)
-    }
-
-    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didFailWithError error: Error) {
-        // Surface as denied/restricted if relevant; otherwise keep previous state
-        SecureLogger.error("LocationChannelManager: location error: \(error.localizedDescription)", category: .session)
-    }
-
-    // MARK: - Helpers
-    private func updatePermissionState(from status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {
-        let newState: PermissionState
-        switch status {
-        case .notDetermined: newState = .notDetermined
-        case .restricted: newState = .restricted
-        case .denied: newState = .denied
-        case .authorizedAlways, .authorizedWhenInUse, .authorized: newState = .authorized
-        @unknown default: newState = .restricted
-        }
-        Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = newState }
-    }
-
-    private func computeChannels(from coord: CLLocationCoordinate2D) {
-        let levels = GeohashChannelLevel.allCases
-        var result: [GeohashChannel] = []
-        for level in levels {
-            let gh = Geohash.encode(latitude: coord.latitude, longitude: coord.longitude, precision: level.precision)
-            result.append(GeohashChannel(level: level, geohash: gh))
-        }
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.availableChannels = result
-            // Recompute teleported status based on whether the selected geohash is in our regional set
-            switch self.selectedChannel {
-            case .mesh:
-                self.teleported = false
-            case .location(let ch):
-                // Membership check using freshly computed regional channels; avoids precision/rename drift
-                let inRegional = result.contains { $0.geohash == ch.geohash }
-                if inRegional {
-                    self.teleported = false
-                    // Clear persisted teleport flag if present
-                    if self.teleportedSet.contains(ch.geohash) {
-                        self.teleportedSet.remove(ch.geohash)
-                        if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(Array(self.teleportedSet)) {
-                            UserDefaults.standard.set(data, forKey: self.teleportedStoreKey)
-                        }
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    self.teleported = true
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private func reverseGeocodeIfNeeded(location: CLLocation) {
-        // Always cancel previous to keep latest fresh while user moves
-        geocoder.cancelGeocode()
-        isGeocoding = true
-        geocoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(location) { [weak self] placemarks, error in
-            guard let self = self else { return }
-            self.isGeocoding = false
-            if let pm = placemarks?.first {
-                let names = self.namesByLevel(from: pm)
-                Task { @MainActor in self.locationNames = names }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private func namesByLevel(from pm: CLPlacemark) -> [GeohashChannelLevel: String] {
-        var dict: [GeohashChannelLevel: String] = [:]
-        // Region (country)
-        if let country = pm.country, !country.isEmpty {
-            dict[.region] = country
-        }
-        // Province (state/province or county)
-        if let admin = pm.administrativeArea, !admin.isEmpty {
-            dict[.province] = admin
-        } else if let subAdmin = pm.subAdministrativeArea, !subAdmin.isEmpty {
-            dict[.province] = subAdmin
-        }
-        // City (locality)
-        if let locality = pm.locality, !locality.isEmpty {
-            dict[.city] = locality
-        } else if let subAdmin = pm.subAdministrativeArea, !subAdmin.isEmpty {
-            dict[.city] = subAdmin
-        } else if let admin = pm.administrativeArea, !admin.isEmpty {
-            dict[.city] = admin
-        }
-        // Neighborhood
-        if let subLocality = pm.subLocality, !subLocality.isEmpty {
-            dict[.neighborhood] = subLocality
-        } else if let locality = pm.locality, !locality.isEmpty {
-            dict[.neighborhood] = locality
-        }
-        // Block: reuse neighborhood/locality granularity
-        if let subLocality = pm.subLocality, !subLocality.isEmpty {
-            dict[.block] = subLocality
-        } else if let locality = pm.locality, !locality.isEmpty {
-            dict[.block] = locality
-        }
-        // Building: prefer place name/street/venue when available
-        if let name = pm.name, !name.isEmpty {
-            dict[.building] = name
-        } else if let thoroughfare = pm.thoroughfare, !thoroughfare.isEmpty {
-            dict[.building] = thoroughfare
-        }
-        return dict
-    }
-}
-#endif

bitchat/Services/LocationNotesManager.swift

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ final class LocationNotesManager: ObservableObject {
 
         var displayName: String {
             let suffix = String(pubkey.suffix(4))
-            if let nick = nickname, !nick.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty {
+            if let nick = nickname?.trimmedOrNilIfEmpty {
                 return "\(nick)#\(suffix)"
             }
             return "anon#\(suffix)"
@@ -199,8 +199,7 @@ final class LocationNotesManager: ObservableObject {
 
     /// Send a location note for the current geohash using the per-geohash identity.
     func send(content: String, nickname: String) {
-        let trimmed = content.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
-        guard !trimmed.isEmpty else { return }
+        guard let trimmed = content.trimmedOrNilIfEmpty else { return }
         let relays = dependencies.relayLookup(geohash, TransportConfig.nostrGeoRelayCount)
         guard !relays.isEmpty else {
             state = .noRelays

bitchat/Services/LocationStateManager.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,630 @@
+import BitLogger
+import Foundation
+import Combine
+
+#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+import CoreLocation
+
+protocol LocationStateManaging: AnyObject {
+    var delegate: CLLocationManagerDelegate? { get set }
+    var desiredAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy { get set }
+    var distanceFilter: CLLocationDistance { get set }
+    var authorizationStatus: CLAuthorizationStatus { get }
+    func requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
+    func requestLocation()
+    func startUpdatingLocation()
+    func stopUpdatingLocation()
+}
+
+protocol LocationStateGeocoding: AnyObject {
+    func cancelGeocode()
+    func reverseGeocodeLocation(
+        _ location: CLLocation,
+        completionHandler: @escaping ([CLPlacemark]?, Error?) -> Void
+    )
+}
+
+private final class CLLocationManagerAdapter: NSObject, LocationStateManaging {
+    private let base = CLLocationManager()
+
+    var delegate: CLLocationManagerDelegate? {
+        get { base.delegate }
+        set { base.delegate = newValue }
+    }
+
+    var desiredAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy {
+        get { base.desiredAccuracy }
+        set { base.desiredAccuracy = newValue }
+    }
+
+    var distanceFilter: CLLocationDistance {
+        get { base.distanceFilter }
+        set { base.distanceFilter = newValue }
+    }
+
+    var authorizationStatus: CLAuthorizationStatus {
+        base.authorizationStatus
+    }
+
+    func requestWhenInUseAuthorization() {
+        base.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
+    }
+
+    func requestLocation() {
+        base.requestLocation()
+    }
+
+    func startUpdatingLocation() {
+        base.startUpdatingLocation()
+    }
+
+    func stopUpdatingLocation() {
+        base.stopUpdatingLocation()
+    }
+}
+
+private final class CLGeocoderAdapter: LocationStateGeocoding {
+    private let base = CLGeocoder()
+
+    func cancelGeocode() {
+        base.cancelGeocode()
+    }
+
+    func reverseGeocodeLocation(
+        _ location: CLLocation,
+        completionHandler: @escaping ([CLPlacemark]?, Error?) -> Void
+    ) {
+        base.reverseGeocodeLocation(location, completionHandler: completionHandler)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Unified manager for location-based channel state including:
+/// - CoreLocation permissions and one-shot location retrieval
+/// - Geohash channel computation from coordinates
+/// - Channel selection and teleport state
+/// - Bookmark persistence and friendly name resolution
+///
+/// Consolidates LocationChannelManager + GeohashBookmarksStore into a single source of truth.
+final class LocationStateManager: NSObject, CLLocationManagerDelegate, ObservableObject {
+    static let shared = LocationStateManager()
+
+    // MARK: - Permission State
+
+    enum PermissionState: Equatable {
+        case notDetermined
+        case denied
+        case restricted
+        case authorized
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Private Properties (CoreLocation)
+
+    private let cl: LocationStateManaging
+    private let geocoder: LocationStateGeocoding
+    private var lastLocation: CLLocation?
+    private var refreshTimer: Timer?
+    private var isGeocoding: Bool = false
+
+    // MARK: - Persistence Keys
+
+    private let selectedChannelKey = "locationChannel.selected"
+    private let teleportedStoreKey = "locationChannel.teleportedSet"
+    private let bookmarksKey = "locationChannel.bookmarks"
+    private let bookmarkNamesKey = "locationChannel.bookmarkNames"
+
+    // MARK: - Published State (Channel)
+
+    @Published private(set) var permissionState: PermissionState = .notDetermined
+    @Published private(set) var availableChannels: [GeohashChannel] = []
+    @Published private(set) var selectedChannel: ChannelID = .mesh
+    @Published var teleported: Bool = false
+    @Published private(set) var locationNames: [GeohashChannelLevel: String] = [:]
+
+    // MARK: - Published State (Bookmarks)
+
+    @Published private(set) var bookmarks: [String] = []
+    @Published private(set) var bookmarkNames: [String: String] = [:]
+
+    // MARK: - Private State
+
+    private var teleportedSet: Set<String> = []
+    private var bookmarkMembership: Set<String> = []
+    private var resolvingNames: Set<String> = []
+    private let storage: UserDefaults
+
+    /// Returns true if running in test environment
+    private static var isRunningTests: Bool {
+        let env = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment
+        return NSClassFromString("XCTestCase") != nil ||
+               env["XCTestConfigurationFilePath"] != nil ||
+               env["XCTestBundlePath"] != nil ||
+               env["GITHUB_ACTIONS"] != nil ||
+               env["CI"] != nil
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Initialization
+
+    private override init() {
+        self.storage = .standard
+        self.cl = CLLocationManagerAdapter()
+        self.geocoder = CLGeocoderAdapter()
+        super.init()
+
+        // Skip CoreLocation setup in test environments
+        guard !Self.isRunningTests else {
+            loadPersistedState()
+            return
+        }
+
+        cl.delegate = self
+        cl.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters
+        cl.distanceFilter = TransportConfig.locationDistanceFilterMeters
+
+        loadPersistedState()
+        initializePermissionState()
+    }
+
+    /// Internal initializer for testing with custom storage
+    init(storage: UserDefaults) {
+        self.storage = storage
+        self.cl = CLLocationManagerAdapter()
+        self.geocoder = CLGeocoderAdapter()
+        super.init()
+        loadPersistedState()
+    }
+
+    internal init(
+        storage: UserDefaults,
+        locationManager: LocationStateManaging,
+        geocoder: LocationStateGeocoding,
+        shouldInitializeCoreLocation: Bool
+    ) {
+        self.storage = storage
+        self.cl = locationManager
+        self.geocoder = geocoder
+        super.init()
+        loadPersistedState()
+        guard shouldInitializeCoreLocation else { return }
+        cl.delegate = self
+        cl.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters
+        cl.distanceFilter = TransportConfig.locationDistanceFilterMeters
+        initializePermissionState()
+    }
+
+    private func loadPersistedState() {
+        // Load selected channel
+        if let data = storage.data(forKey: selectedChannelKey),
+           let channel = try? JSONDecoder().decode(ChannelID.self, from: data) {
+            selectedChannel = channel
+        }
+
+        // Load teleported set
+        if let data = storage.data(forKey: teleportedStoreKey),
+           let arr = try? JSONDecoder().decode([String].self, from: data) {
+            teleportedSet = Set(arr)
+        }
+
+        // Load bookmarks
+        if let data = storage.data(forKey: bookmarksKey),
+           let arr = try? JSONDecoder().decode([String].self, from: data) {
+            var seen = Set<String>()
+            var list: [String] = []
+            for raw in arr {
+                let gh = Self.normalizeGeohash(raw)
+                guard !gh.isEmpty, !seen.contains(gh) else { continue }
+                seen.insert(gh)
+                list.append(gh)
+            }
+            bookmarks = list
+            bookmarkMembership = seen
+        }
+
+        // Load bookmark names
+        if let data = storage.data(forKey: bookmarkNamesKey),
+           let dict = try? JSONDecoder().decode([String: String].self, from: data) {
+            bookmarkNames = dict
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func initializePermissionState() {
+        let status = cl.authorizationStatus
+        updatePermissionState(from: status)
+
+        // Fall back to persisted teleport state if no location authorization
+        switch status {
+        case .authorizedAlways, .authorizedWhenInUse, .authorized:
+            break
+        case .notDetermined, .restricted, .denied:
+            fallthrough
+        @unknown default:
+            if case .location(let ch) = selectedChannel {
+                teleported = teleportedSet.contains(ch.geohash)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Public API (Permissions & Location)
+
+    func enableLocationChannels() {
+        let status = cl.authorizationStatus
+        switch status {
+        case .notDetermined:
+            cl.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
+        case .restricted:
+            Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = .restricted }
+        case .denied:
+            Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = .denied }
+        case .authorizedAlways, .authorizedWhenInUse, .authorized:
+            Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = .authorized }
+            requestOneShotLocation()
+        @unknown default:
+            Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = .restricted }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func refreshChannels() {
+        if permissionState == .authorized {
+            requestOneShotLocation()
+        }
+    }
+
+    func beginLiveRefresh(interval: TimeInterval = TransportConfig.locationLiveRefreshInterval) {
+        guard permissionState == .authorized else { return }
+        refreshTimer?.invalidate()
+        refreshTimer = nil
+        cl.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters
+        cl.distanceFilter = TransportConfig.locationDistanceFilterLiveMeters
+        cl.startUpdatingLocation()
+        requestOneShotLocation()
+    }
+
+    func endLiveRefresh() {
+        refreshTimer?.invalidate()
+        refreshTimer = nil
+        cl.stopUpdatingLocation()
+        cl.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters
+        cl.distanceFilter = TransportConfig.locationDistanceFilterMeters
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Public API (Channel Selection)
+
+    func select(_ channel: ChannelID) {
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.selectedChannel = channel
+            if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(channel) {
+                self.storage.set(data, forKey: self.selectedChannelKey)
+            }
+
+            switch channel {
+            case .mesh:
+                self.teleported = false
+            case .location(let ch):
+                let inRegional = self.availableChannels.contains { $0.geohash == ch.geohash }
+                if inRegional {
+                    self.teleported = false
+                    if self.teleportedSet.contains(ch.geohash) {
+                        self.teleportedSet.remove(ch.geohash)
+                        self.persistTeleportedSet()
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    self.teleported = self.teleportedSet.contains(ch.geohash)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func markTeleported(for geohash: String, _ flag: Bool) {
+        if flag {
+            teleportedSet.insert(geohash)
+        } else {
+            teleportedSet.remove(geohash)
+        }
+        persistTeleportedSet()
+        if case .location(let ch) = selectedChannel, ch.geohash == geohash {
+            Task { @MainActor in self.teleported = flag }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Public API (Bookmarks)
+
+    func isBookmarked(_ geohash: String) -> Bool {
+        bookmarkMembership.contains(Self.normalizeGeohash(geohash))
+    }
+
+    func toggleBookmark(_ geohash: String) {
+        let gh = Self.normalizeGeohash(geohash)
+        if bookmarkMembership.contains(gh) {
+            removeBookmark(gh)
+        } else {
+            addBookmark(gh)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func addBookmark(_ geohash: String) {
+        let gh = Self.normalizeGeohash(geohash)
+        guard !gh.isEmpty, !bookmarkMembership.contains(gh) else { return }
+        bookmarks.insert(gh, at: 0)
+        bookmarkMembership.insert(gh)
+        persistBookmarks()
+        resolveBookmarkNameIfNeeded(for: gh)
+    }
+
+    func removeBookmark(_ geohash: String) {
+        let gh = Self.normalizeGeohash(geohash)
+        guard bookmarkMembership.contains(gh) else { return }
+        if let idx = bookmarks.firstIndex(of: gh) {
+            bookmarks.remove(at: idx)
+        }
+        bookmarkMembership.remove(gh)
+        if bookmarkNames.removeValue(forKey: gh) != nil {
+            persistBookmarkNames()
+        }
+        persistBookmarks()
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - CLLocationManagerDelegate
+
+    private func requestOneShotLocation() {
+        cl.requestLocation()
+    }
+
+    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didChangeAuthorization status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {
+        updatePermissionState(from: status)
+        if case .authorized = permissionState {
+            requestOneShotLocation()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @available(iOS 14.0, macOS 11.0, *)
+    func locationManagerDidChangeAuthorization(_ manager: CLLocationManager) {
+        updatePermissionState(from: manager.authorizationStatus)
+        if case .authorized = permissionState {
+            requestOneShotLocation()
+        }
+    }
+
+    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
+        guard let loc = locations.last else { return }
+        lastLocation = loc
+        computeChannels(from: loc.coordinate)
+        reverseGeocodeLocation(loc)
+    }
+
+    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didFailWithError error: Error) {
+        SecureLogger.error("LocationStateManager: location error: \(error.localizedDescription)", category: .session)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Private Helpers (Permission)
+
+    private func updatePermissionState(from status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {
+        let newState: PermissionState
+        switch status {
+        case .notDetermined: newState = .notDetermined
+        case .restricted: newState = .restricted
+        case .denied: newState = .denied
+        case .authorizedAlways, .authorizedWhenInUse, .authorized: newState = .authorized
+        @unknown default: newState = .restricted
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in self.permissionState = newState }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Private Helpers (Channel Computation)
+
+    private func computeChannels(from coord: CLLocationCoordinate2D) {
+        let levels = GeohashChannelLevel.allCases
+        var result: [GeohashChannel] = []
+        for level in levels {
+            let gh = Geohash.encode(latitude: coord.latitude, longitude: coord.longitude, precision: level.precision)
+            result.append(GeohashChannel(level: level, geohash: gh))
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.availableChannels = result
+            switch self.selectedChannel {
+            case .mesh:
+                self.teleported = false
+            case .location(let ch):
+                let inRegional = result.contains { $0.geohash == ch.geohash }
+                if inRegional {
+                    self.teleported = false
+                    if self.teleportedSet.contains(ch.geohash) {
+                        self.teleportedSet.remove(ch.geohash)
+                        self.persistTeleportedSet()
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    self.teleported = true
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Private Helpers (Geocoding)
+
+    private func reverseGeocodeLocation(_ location: CLLocation) {
+        geocoder.cancelGeocode()
+        isGeocoding = true
+        geocoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(location) { [weak self] placemarks, _ in
+            guard let self = self else { return }
+            self.isGeocoding = false
+            if let pm = placemarks?.first {
+                let names = self.locationNamesByLevel(from: pm)
+                Task { @MainActor in self.locationNames = names }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func locationNamesByLevel(from pm: CLPlacemark) -> [GeohashChannelLevel: String] {
+        var dict: [GeohashChannelLevel: String] = [:]
+        if let country = pm.country, !country.isEmpty {
+            dict[.region] = country
+        }
+        if let admin = pm.administrativeArea, !admin.isEmpty {
+            dict[.province] = admin
+        } else if let subAdmin = pm.subAdministrativeArea, !subAdmin.isEmpty {
+            dict[.province] = subAdmin
+        }
+        if let locality = pm.locality, !locality.isEmpty {
+            dict[.city] = locality
+        } else if let subAdmin = pm.subAdministrativeArea, !subAdmin.isEmpty {
+            dict[.city] = subAdmin
+        } else if let admin = pm.administrativeArea, !admin.isEmpty {
+            dict[.city] = admin
+        }
+        if let subLocality = pm.subLocality, !subLocality.isEmpty {
+            dict[.neighborhood] = subLocality
+        } else if let locality = pm.locality, !locality.isEmpty {
+            dict[.neighborhood] = locality
+        }
+        if let subLocality = pm.subLocality, !subLocality.isEmpty {
+            dict[.block] = subLocality
+        } else if let locality = pm.locality, !locality.isEmpty {
+            dict[.block] = locality
+        }
+        if let name = pm.name, !name.isEmpty {
+            dict[.building] = name
+        } else if let thoroughfare = pm.thoroughfare, !thoroughfare.isEmpty {
+            dict[.building] = thoroughfare
+        }
+        return dict
+    }
+
+    func resolveBookmarkNameIfNeeded(for geohash: String) {
+        let gh = Self.normalizeGeohash(geohash)
+        guard !gh.isEmpty, bookmarkNames[gh] == nil, !resolvingNames.contains(gh) else { return }
+        resolvingNames.insert(gh)
+
+        if gh.count <= 2 {
+            let b = Geohash.decodeBounds(gh)
+            let pts: [CLLocation] = [
+                CLLocation(latitude: (b.latMin + b.latMax) / 2, longitude: (b.lonMin + b.lonMax) / 2),
+                CLLocation(latitude: b.latMin, longitude: b.lonMin),
+                CLLocation(latitude: b.latMin, longitude: b.lonMax),
+                CLLocation(latitude: b.latMax, longitude: b.lonMin),
+                CLLocation(latitude: b.latMax, longitude: b.lonMax)
+            ]
+            resolveCompositeAdminName(geohash: gh, points: pts)
+        } else {
+            let center = Geohash.decodeCenter(gh)
+            let loc = CLLocation(latitude: center.lat, longitude: center.lon)
+            geocoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(loc) { [weak self] placemarks, _ in
+                guard let self = self else { return }
+                defer { self.resolvingNames.remove(gh) }
+                if let pm = placemarks?.first,
+                   let name = Self.nameForGeohashLength(gh.count, from: pm),
+                   !name.isEmpty {
+                    DispatchQueue.main.async {
+                        self.bookmarkNames[gh] = name
+                        self.persistBookmarkNames()
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func resolveCompositeAdminName(geohash gh: String, points: [CLLocation]) {
+        var uniqueAdmins: [String] = []
+        var seenAdmins = Set<String>()
+        var idx = 0
+
+        func step() {
+            if idx >= points.count {
+                let finalName: String? = {
+                    if uniqueAdmins.count >= 2 { return uniqueAdmins[0] + " and " + uniqueAdmins[1] }
+                    return uniqueAdmins.first
+                }()
+                if let finalName = finalName, !finalName.isEmpty {
+                    DispatchQueue.main.async {
+                        self.bookmarkNames[gh] = finalName
+                        self.persistBookmarkNames()
+                    }
+                }
+                self.resolvingNames.remove(gh)
+                return
+            }
+            let loc = points[idx]
+            idx += 1
+            geocoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(loc) { [weak self] placemarks, _ in
+                guard self != nil else { return }
+                if let pm = placemarks?.first {
+                    if let admin = pm.administrativeArea, !admin.isEmpty, !seenAdmins.contains(admin) {
+                        seenAdmins.insert(admin)
+                        uniqueAdmins.append(admin)
+                    } else if let country = pm.country, !country.isEmpty, !seenAdmins.contains(country) {
+                        seenAdmins.insert(country)
+                        uniqueAdmins.append(country)
+                    }
+                }
+                step()
+            }
+        }
+        step()
+    }
+
+    private static func nameForGeohashLength(_ len: Int, from pm: CLPlacemark) -> String? {
+        switch len {
+        case 0...2:
+            return pm.administrativeArea ?? pm.country
+        case 3...4:
+            return pm.administrativeArea ?? pm.subAdministrativeArea ?? pm.country
+        case 5:
+            return pm.locality ?? pm.subAdministrativeArea ?? pm.administrativeArea
+        case 6...7:
+            return pm.subLocality ?? pm.locality ?? pm.administrativeArea
+        default:
+            return pm.subLocality ?? pm.locality ?? pm.administrativeArea ?? pm.country
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Private Helpers (Persistence)
+
+    private func persistTeleportedSet() {
+        if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(Array(teleportedSet)) {
+            storage.set(data, forKey: teleportedStoreKey)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func persistBookmarks() {
+        if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(bookmarks) {
+            storage.set(data, forKey: bookmarksKey)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func persistBookmarkNames() {
+        if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(bookmarkNames) {
+            storage.set(data, forKey: bookmarkNamesKey)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func normalizeGeohash(_ s: String) -> String {
+        let allowed = Set("0123456789bcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz")
+        return s
+            .trimmed
+            .lowercased()
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "#", with: "")
+            .filter { allowed.contains($0) }
+    }
+}
+
+// MARK: - Backward Compatibility Typealiases
+
+typealias LocationChannelManager = LocationStateManager
+typealias GeohashBookmarksStore = LocationStateManager
+
+// MARK: - Backward Compatibility Extensions
+
+extension LocationStateManager {
+    /// Backward compatibility: toggle bookmark (was GeohashBookmarksStore.toggle)
+    func toggle(_ geohash: String) {
+        toggleBookmark(geohash)
+    }
+
+    /// Backward compatibility: add bookmark (was GeohashBookmarksStore.add)
+    func add(_ geohash: String) {
+        addBookmark(geohash)
+    }
+
+    /// Backward compatibility: remove bookmark (was GeohashBookmarksStore.remove)
+    func remove(_ geohash: String) {
+        removeBookmark(geohash)
+    }
+}
+#endif

bitchat/Services/MeshTopologyTracker.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+import Foundation
+
+/// Tracks observed mesh topology and computes hop-by-hop routes.
+final class MeshTopologyTracker {
+    private typealias RoutingID = Data
+
+    private let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "mesh.topology", attributes: .concurrent)
+    private let hopSize = 8
+    // Directed claims: Key claims to see Value (neighbors)
+    private var claims: [RoutingID: Set<RoutingID>] = [:]
+    // Last time we received an update from a node
+    private var lastSeen: [RoutingID: Date] = [:]
+
+    // Maximum age for topology claims to be considered fresh for routing
+    // Routes computed using stale topology can fail when the network has changed
+    private static let routeFreshnessThreshold: TimeInterval = 60 // 60 seconds
+
+    func reset() {
+        queue.sync(flags: .barrier) {
+            self.claims.removeAll()
+            self.lastSeen.removeAll()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Update the topology with a node's self-reported neighbor list
+    func updateNeighbors(for sourceData: Data?, neighbors: [Data]) {
+        guard let source = sanitize(sourceData) else { return }
+        // Sanitize neighbors and exclude self-loops
+        let validNeighbors = Set(neighbors.compactMap { sanitize($0) }).subtracting([source])
+        
+        queue.sync(flags: .barrier) {
+            self.claims[source] = validNeighbors
+            self.lastSeen[source] = Date()
+        }
+    }
+
+    func removePeer(_ data: Data?) {
+        guard let peer = sanitize(data) else { return }
+        queue.sync(flags: .barrier) {
+            self.claims.removeValue(forKey: peer)
+            self.lastSeen.removeValue(forKey: peer)
+        }
+    }
+    
+    /// Prune nodes that haven't updated their topology in `age` seconds
+    func prune(olderThan age: TimeInterval) {
+        let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(-age)
+        queue.sync(flags: .barrier) {
+            let stale = self.lastSeen.filter { $0.value < deadline }
+            for (peer, _) in stale {
+                self.claims.removeValue(forKey: peer)
+                self.lastSeen.removeValue(forKey: peer)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func computeRoute(from start: Data?, to goal: Data?, maxHops: Int = 10) -> [Data]? {
+        guard let source = sanitize(start), let target = sanitize(goal) else { return nil }
+        if source == target { return [] } // Direct connection, no intermediate hops
+
+        return queue.sync {
+            let now = Date()
+            let freshnessDeadline = now.addingTimeInterval(-Self.routeFreshnessThreshold)
+
+            // BFS
+            var visited: Set<RoutingID> = [source]
+            // Queue stores paths: [Start, Hop1, Hop2, ..., Current]
+            var queuePaths: [[RoutingID]] = [[source]]
+
+            while !queuePaths.isEmpty {
+                let path = queuePaths.removeFirst()
+                // Limit path length (path contains source + maxHops + target) -> maxHops intermediate
+                // If maxHops = 10, max edges = 11, max nodes = 12.
+                if path.count > maxHops + 1 { continue }
+
+                guard let last = path.last else { continue }
+
+                // Get neighbors that 'last' claims to see
+                guard let neighbors = claims[last] else { continue }
+
+                // Check if 'last' node's topology info is fresh
+                guard let lastSeenTime = lastSeen[last], lastSeenTime > freshnessDeadline else {
+                    continue // Skip stale nodes
+                }
+
+                for neighbor in neighbors {
+                    if visited.contains(neighbor) { continue }
+
+                    // CONFIRMED EDGE CHECK:
+                    // 'last' claims 'neighbor' (checked above)
+                    // Does 'neighbor' claim 'last'?
+                    guard let neighborClaims = claims[neighbor],
+                          neighborClaims.contains(last) else {
+                        continue
+                    }
+
+                    // Check if 'neighbor' node's topology info is fresh
+                    guard let neighborSeenTime = lastSeen[neighbor], neighborSeenTime > freshnessDeadline else {
+                        continue // Skip edges to stale nodes
+                    }
+
+                    var nextPath = path
+                    nextPath.append(neighbor)
+
+                    if neighbor == target {
+                        // Return only intermediate hops
+                        // Path: [Source, I1, I2, Target] -> [I1, I2]
+                        return Array(nextPath.dropFirst().dropLast())
+                    }
+
+                    visited.insert(neighbor)
+                    queuePaths.append(nextPath)
+                }
+            }
+            return nil
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Helpers
+
+    private func sanitize(_ data: Data?) -> Data? {
+        guard var value = data, !value.isEmpty else { return nil }
+        if value.count > hopSize {
+            value = Data(value.prefix(hopSize))
+        } else if value.count < hopSize {
+            value.append(Data(repeating: 0, count: hopSize - value.count))
+        }
+        return value
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/MessageDeduplicationService.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+//
+// MessageDeduplicationService.swift
+// bitchat
+//
+// Handles message deduplication using LRU caches.
+// This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+// MARK: - LRU Deduplication Cache
+
+/// Generic LRU (Least Recently Used) cache for deduplication.
+/// Uses an efficient O(1) lookup with periodic compaction.
+/// Thread-safe via @MainActor - all callers are already on main actor.
+@MainActor
+final class LRUDeduplicationCache<Value> {
+    private var map: [String: Value] = [:]
+    private var order: [String] = []
+    private var head: Int = 0
+    private let capacity: Int
+
+    /// Creates a new LRU cache with the specified capacity.
+    /// - Parameter capacity: Maximum number of entries before eviction
+    init(capacity: Int) {
+        precondition(capacity > 0, "LRU cache capacity must be positive")
+        self.capacity = capacity
+    }
+
+    /// Number of active entries in the cache
+    var count: Int {
+        order.count - head
+    }
+
+    /// Checks if a key exists in the cache
+    func contains(_ key: String) -> Bool {
+        map[key] != nil
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the value for a key, or nil if not present
+    func value(for key: String) -> Value? {
+        map[key]
+    }
+
+    /// Records a key-value pair, updating if exists or inserting if new
+    func record(_ key: String, value: Value) {
+        if map[key] == nil {
+            order.append(key)
+        }
+        map[key] = value
+        trimIfNeeded()
+    }
+
+    /// Removes a specific key from the cache
+    func remove(_ key: String) {
+        map.removeValue(forKey: key)
+        // Note: key remains in order array but will be skipped during eviction
+    }
+
+    /// Clears all entries from the cache
+    func clear() {
+        map.removeAll()
+        order.removeAll()
+        head = 0
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Private
+
+    private func trimIfNeeded() {
+        let activeCount = order.count - head
+        guard activeCount > capacity else { return }
+
+        let overflow = activeCount - capacity
+        for _ in 0..<overflow {
+            guard let victim = popOldest() else { break }
+            map.removeValue(forKey: victim)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func popOldest() -> String? {
+        // Skip keys that were already removed from map
+        while head < order.count {
+            let key = order[head]
+            head += 1
+
+            // Periodically compact the backing storage
+            if head >= 32 && head * 2 >= order.count {
+                order.removeFirst(head)
+                head = 0
+            }
+
+            // Only return if key is still in map
+            if map[key] != nil {
+                return key
+            }
+        }
+        return nil
+    }
+}
+
+// MARK: - Content Normalizer
+
+/// Normalizes message content for near-duplicate detection.
+enum ContentNormalizer {
+
+    /// Regex to simplify HTTP URLs by stripping query strings and fragments
+    private static let simplifyHTTPURL: NSRegularExpression = {
+        try! NSRegularExpression(
+            pattern: "https?://[^\\s?#]+(?:[?#][^\\s]*)?",
+            options: [.caseInsensitive]
+        )
+    }()
+
+    /// Normalizes content for deduplication comparison.
+    /// - Parameters:
+    ///   - content: The raw message content
+    ///   - prefixLength: Maximum characters to consider (default from TransportConfig)
+    /// - Returns: A hash-based key for comparison
+    static func normalizedKey(
+        _ content: String,
+        prefixLength: Int = TransportConfig.contentKeyPrefixLength
+    ) -> String {
+        // Lowercase for case-insensitive comparison
+        let lowered = content.lowercased()
+        let ns = lowered as NSString
+        let range = NSRange(location: 0, length: ns.length)
+
+        // Simplify URLs by stripping query/fragment
+        var simplified = ""
+        var last = 0
+        for match in simplifyHTTPURL.matches(in: lowered, options: [], range: range) {
+            if match.range.location > last {
+                simplified += ns.substring(with: NSRange(location: last, length: match.range.location - last))
+            }
+            let url = ns.substring(with: match.range)
+            if let queryIndex = url.firstIndex(where: { $0 == "?" || $0 == "#" }) {
+                simplified += String(url[..<queryIndex])
+            } else {
+                simplified += url
+            }
+            last = match.range.location + match.range.length
+        }
+        if last < ns.length {
+            simplified += ns.substring(with: NSRange(location: last, length: ns.length - last))
+        }
+
+        // Trim and collapse whitespace
+        let trimmed = simplified.trimmed
+        let collapsed = trimmed.replacingOccurrences(of: "\\s+", with: " ", options: .regularExpression)
+
+        // Take prefix and hash
+        let prefix = String(collapsed.prefix(prefixLength))
+        let hash = prefix.djb2()
+        return String(format: "h:%016llx", hash)
+    }
+}
+
+// MARK: - Message Deduplication Service
+
+/// Service that manages message deduplication using LRU caches.
+/// Provides separate caches for content-based dedup and Nostr event ID dedup.
+/// Thread-safe via @MainActor - all callers are already on main actor.
+@MainActor
+final class MessageDeduplicationService {
+
+    /// Cache for content-based near-duplicate detection
+    private let contentCache: LRUDeduplicationCache<Date>
+
+    /// Cache for Nostr event ID deduplication
+    private let nostrEventCache: LRUDeduplicationCache<Bool>
+
+    /// Cache for Nostr ACK deduplication (messageId:ackType:senderPubkey format)
+    private let nostrAckCache: LRUDeduplicationCache<Bool>
+
+    /// Creates a new deduplication service with specified capacities.
+    /// - Parameters:
+    ///   - contentCapacity: Max entries for content cache
+    ///   - nostrEventCapacity: Max entries for Nostr event cache
+    init(
+        contentCapacity: Int = TransportConfig.contentLRUCap,
+        nostrEventCapacity: Int = TransportConfig.uiProcessedNostrEventsCap
+    ) {
+        self.contentCache = LRUDeduplicationCache(capacity: contentCapacity)
+        self.nostrEventCache = LRUDeduplicationCache(capacity: nostrEventCapacity)
+        self.nostrAckCache = LRUDeduplicationCache(capacity: nostrEventCapacity)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Content Deduplication
+
+    /// Records content with its timestamp for near-duplicate detection.
+    /// - Parameters:
+    ///   - content: The message content
+    ///   - timestamp: When the content was received
+    func recordContent(_ content: String, timestamp: Date) {
+        let key = ContentNormalizer.normalizedKey(content)
+        contentCache.record(key, value: timestamp)
+    }
+
+    /// Records a pre-normalized content key with its timestamp.
+    /// - Parameters:
+    ///   - key: The normalized content key
+    ///   - timestamp: When the content was received
+    func recordContentKey(_ key: String, timestamp: Date) {
+        contentCache.record(key, value: timestamp)
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the timestamp for previously seen content.
+    /// - Parameter content: The message content
+    /// - Returns: The timestamp when first seen, or nil if not seen
+    func contentTimestamp(for content: String) -> Date? {
+        let key = ContentNormalizer.normalizedKey(content)
+        return contentCache.value(for: key)
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the timestamp for a pre-normalized content key.
+    /// - Parameter key: The normalized content key
+    /// - Returns: The timestamp when first seen, or nil if not seen
+    func contentTimestamp(forKey key: String) -> Date? {
+        contentCache.value(for: key)
+    }
+
+    /// Normalizes content to a deduplication key.
+    /// - Parameter content: The raw content
+    /// - Returns: A normalized hash key
+    func normalizedContentKey(_ content: String) -> String {
+        ContentNormalizer.normalizedKey(content)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Nostr Event Deduplication
+
+    /// Checks if a Nostr event has already been processed.
+    /// - Parameter eventId: The event ID
+    /// - Returns: true if already processed
+    func hasProcessedNostrEvent(_ eventId: String) -> Bool {
+        nostrEventCache.contains(eventId)
+    }
+
+    /// Records a Nostr event as processed.
+    /// - Parameter eventId: The event ID
+    func recordNostrEvent(_ eventId: String) {
+        nostrEventCache.record(eventId, value: true)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Nostr ACK Deduplication
+
+    /// Checks if a Nostr ACK has already been processed.
+    /// - Parameter ackKey: The ACK key in format "messageId:ackType:senderPubkey"
+    /// - Returns: true if already processed
+    func hasProcessedNostrAck(_ ackKey: String) -> Bool {
+        nostrAckCache.contains(ackKey)
+    }
+
+    /// Records a Nostr ACK as processed.
+    /// - Parameter ackKey: The ACK key in format "messageId:ackType:senderPubkey"
+    func recordNostrAck(_ ackKey: String) {
+        nostrAckCache.record(ackKey, value: true)
+    }
+
+    /// Creates an ACK key from components.
+    static func ackKey(messageId: String, ackType: String, senderPubkey: String) -> String {
+        "\(messageId):\(ackType):\(senderPubkey)"
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Clear
+
+    /// Clears all caches
+    func clearAll() {
+        contentCache.clear()
+        nostrEventCache.clear()
+        nostrAckCache.clear()
+    }
+
+    /// Clears only the Nostr caches (events and ACKs)
+    func clearNostrCaches() {
+        nostrEventCache.clear()
+        nostrAckCache.clear()
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/MessageFormattingEngine.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
+//
+// MessageFormattingEngine.swift
+// bitchat
+//
+// Handles message text formatting, including mentions, hashtags, URLs, and tokens.
+// This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+//
+
+import BitFoundation
+import Foundation
+import SwiftUI
+
+// MARK: - Formatting Context Protocol
+
+/// Protocol defining the context needed for message formatting.
+/// Implemented by ChatViewModel to provide runtime state.
+@MainActor
+protocol MessageFormattingContext: AnyObject {
+    /// The user's current nickname
+    var nickname: String { get }
+
+    /// Determines if a message was sent by the current user
+    func isSelfMessage(_ message: BitchatMessage) -> Bool
+
+    /// Gets the color for a message's sender
+    func senderColor(for message: BitchatMessage, isDark: Bool) -> Color
+
+    /// Resolves a peer ID to a clickable URL
+    func peerURL(for peerID: PeerID) -> URL?
+}
+
+// MARK: - Formatting Engine
+
+/// Handles rich text formatting for chat messages.
+/// Extracts mentions, hashtags, URLs, Lightning invoices, and Cashu tokens.
+final class MessageFormattingEngine {
+
+    // MARK: - Precompiled Regexes
+
+    /// Precompiled regex patterns for message content parsing
+    enum Patterns {
+        static let hashtag: NSRegularExpression = {
+            try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "#([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)", options: [])
+        }()
+
+        static let mention: NSRegularExpression = {
+            try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "@([\\p{L}0-9_]+(?:#[a-fA-F0-9]{4})?)", options: [])
+        }()
+
+        static let cashu: NSRegularExpression = {
+            try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "\\bcashu[AB][A-Za-z0-9._-]{40,}\\b", options: [])
+        }()
+
+        static let bolt11: NSRegularExpression = {
+            try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "(?i)\\bln(bc|tb|bcrt)[0-9][a-z0-9]{50,}\\b", options: [])
+        }()
+
+        static let lnurl: NSRegularExpression = {
+            try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "(?i)\\blnurl1[a-z0-9]{20,}\\b", options: [])
+        }()
+
+        static let lightningScheme: NSRegularExpression = {
+            try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "(?i)\\blightning:[^\\s]+", options: [])
+        }()
+
+        static let linkDetector: NSDataDetector? = {
+            try? NSDataDetector(types: NSTextCheckingResult.CheckingType.link.rawValue)
+        }()
+
+        static let quickCashuPresence: NSRegularExpression = {
+            try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "\\bcashu[AB][A-Za-z0-9._-]{40,}\\b", options: [])
+        }()
+
+        static let simplifyHTTPURL: NSRegularExpression = {
+            try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "https?://[^\\s?#]+(?:[?#][^\\s]*)?", options: [.caseInsensitive])
+        }()
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Match Types
+
+    /// Types of matches found in message content
+    enum MatchType: String {
+        case hashtag
+        case mention
+        case url
+        case cashu
+        case lightning
+        case bolt11
+        case lnurl
+    }
+
+    /// A match found in message content
+    struct ContentMatch {
+        let range: NSRange
+        let type: MatchType
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Public API
+
+    /// Formats a message with rich text styling
+    @MainActor
+    static func formatMessage(
+        _ message: BitchatMessage,
+        context: MessageFormattingContext,
+        colorScheme: ColorScheme
+    ) -> AttributedString {
+        let isDark = colorScheme == .dark
+        let isSelf = context.isSelfMessage(message)
+
+        // Check cache first
+        if let cached = message.getCachedFormattedText(isDark: isDark, isSelf: isSelf) {
+            return cached
+        }
+
+        var result = AttributedString()
+        let baseColor: Color = isSelf ? .orange : context.senderColor(for: message, isDark: isDark)
+
+        // Format system messages differently
+        if message.sender == "system" {
+            result = formatSystemMessage(message, isDark: isDark)
+        } else {
+            // Format sender header
+            result = formatSenderHeader(
+                message: message,
+                baseColor: baseColor,
+                isSelf: isSelf,
+                context: context
+            )
+
+            // Format content
+            let contentResult = formatContent(
+                message.content,
+                baseColor: baseColor,
+                isSelf: isSelf,
+                isMentioned: message.mentions?.contains(context.nickname) ?? false
+            )
+            result.append(contentResult)
+
+            // Add timestamp
+            result.append(formatTimestamp(message.formattedTimestamp))
+        }
+
+        // Cache the result
+        message.setCachedFormattedText(result, isDark: isDark, isSelf: isSelf)
+
+        return result
+    }
+
+    /// Formats just the message header (sender portion)
+    @MainActor
+    static func formatHeader(
+        _ message: BitchatMessage,
+        context: MessageFormattingContext,
+        colorScheme: ColorScheme
+    ) -> AttributedString {
+        let isDark = colorScheme == .dark
+        let isSelf = context.isSelfMessage(message)
+        let baseColor: Color = isSelf ? .orange : context.senderColor(for: message, isDark: isDark)
+
+        if message.sender == "system" {
+            var style = AttributeContainer()
+            style.foregroundColor = baseColor
+            style.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 14, weight: .medium, design: .monospaced)
+            return AttributedString(message.sender).mergingAttributes(style)
+        }
+
+        return formatSenderHeader(
+            message: message,
+            baseColor: baseColor,
+            isSelf: isSelf,
+            context: context
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// Extracts mentions from message content
+    static func extractMentions(from content: String) -> [String] {
+        let nsContent = content as NSString
+        let range = NSRange(location: 0, length: nsContent.length)
+        let matches = Patterns.mention.matches(in: content, options: [], range: range)
+
+        return matches.compactMap { match -> String? in
+            guard match.numberOfRanges > 1 else { return nil }
+            let captureRange = match.range(at: 1)
+            guard let swiftRange = Range(captureRange, in: content) else { return nil }
+            return String(content[swiftRange])
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Checks if content contains a Cashu token
+    static func containsCashuToken(_ content: String) -> Bool {
+        let nsContent = content as NSString
+        let range = NSRange(location: 0, length: nsContent.length)
+        return Patterns.quickCashuPresence.numberOfMatches(in: content, options: [], range: range) > 0
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Private Helpers
+
+    private static func formatSystemMessage(_ message: BitchatMessage, isDark: Bool) -> AttributedString {
+        var result = AttributedString()
+
+        let content = AttributedString("* \(message.content) *")
+        var contentStyle = AttributeContainer()
+        contentStyle.foregroundColor = Color.gray
+        contentStyle.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 12, design: .monospaced).italic()
+        result.append(content.mergingAttributes(contentStyle))
+
+        // Add timestamp
+        let timestamp = AttributedString(" [\(message.formattedTimestamp)]")
+        var timestampStyle = AttributeContainer()
+        timestampStyle.foregroundColor = Color.gray.opacity(0.5)
+        timestampStyle.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 10, design: .monospaced)
+        result.append(timestamp.mergingAttributes(timestampStyle))
+
+        return result
+    }
+
+    @MainActor
+    private static func formatSenderHeader(
+        message: BitchatMessage,
+        baseColor: Color,
+        isSelf: Bool,
+        context: MessageFormattingContext
+    ) -> AttributedString {
+        var result = AttributedString()
+
+        let (baseName, suffix) = message.sender.splitSuffix()
+        var senderStyle = AttributeContainer()
+        senderStyle.foregroundColor = baseColor
+        let fontWeight: Font.Weight = isSelf ? .bold : .medium
+        senderStyle.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 14, weight: fontWeight, design: .monospaced)
+
+        // Make sender clickable
+        if let spid = message.senderPeerID, let url = context.peerURL(for: spid) {
+            senderStyle.link = url
+        }
+
+        // Build: "<@baseName#suffix> "
+        result.append(AttributedString("<@").mergingAttributes(senderStyle))
+        result.append(AttributedString(baseName).mergingAttributes(senderStyle))
+
+        if !suffix.isEmpty {
+            var suffixStyle = senderStyle
+            suffixStyle.foregroundColor = baseColor.opacity(0.6)
+            result.append(AttributedString(suffix).mergingAttributes(suffixStyle))
+        }
+
+        result.append(AttributedString("> ").mergingAttributes(senderStyle))
+
+        return result
+    }
+
+    private static func formatContent(
+        _ content: String,
+        baseColor: Color,
+        isSelf: Bool,
+        isMentioned: Bool
+    ) -> AttributedString {
+        // For very long content, use plain formatting to avoid expensive regex and detector work.
+        if content.isOversizedForRichFormatting() {
+            return formatPlainContent(content, baseColor: baseColor, isSelf: isSelf)
+        }
+
+        // Find all matches
+        let matches = findAllMatches(in: content)
+
+        // Build formatted content
+        var result = AttributedString()
+        var lastEnd = content.startIndex
+
+        for match in matches {
+            guard let swiftRange = Range(match.range, in: content) else { continue }
+
+            // Add text before match
+            if lastEnd < swiftRange.lowerBound {
+                let beforeText = String(content[lastEnd..<swiftRange.lowerBound])
+                result.append(formatPlainText(beforeText, baseColor: baseColor, isSelf: isSelf, isMentioned: isMentioned))
+            }
+
+            // Add styled match
+            let matchText = String(content[swiftRange])
+            result.append(formatMatch(matchText, type: match.type, baseColor: baseColor, isSelf: isSelf))
+
+            lastEnd = swiftRange.upperBound
+        }
+
+        // Add remaining text
+        if lastEnd < content.endIndex {
+            let remainingText = String(content[lastEnd...])
+            result.append(formatPlainText(remainingText, baseColor: baseColor, isSelf: isSelf, isMentioned: isMentioned))
+        }
+
+        return result
+    }
+
+    private static func findAllMatches(in content: String) -> [ContentMatch] {
+        let nsContent = content as NSString
+        let nsLen = nsContent.length
+        let fullRange = NSRange(location: 0, length: nsLen)
+
+        // Quick hints to avoid unnecessary regex work
+        let hasMentions = content.contains("@")
+        let hasHashtags = content.contains("#")
+        let hasURLs = content.contains("://") || content.contains("www.") || content.contains("http")
+        let hasLightning = content.lowercased().contains("ln") || content.lowercased().contains("lightning:")
+        let hasCashu = content.lowercased().contains("cashu")
+
+        // Collect matches
+        let mentionMatches = hasMentions ? Patterns.mention.matches(in: content, options: [], range: fullRange) : []
+        let hashtagMatches = hasHashtags ? Patterns.hashtag.matches(in: content, options: [], range: fullRange) : []
+        let urlMatches = hasURLs ? (Patterns.linkDetector?.matches(in: content, options: [], range: fullRange) ?? []) : []
+        let cashuMatches = hasCashu ? Patterns.cashu.matches(in: content, options: [], range: fullRange) : []
+        let lightningMatches = hasLightning ? Patterns.lightningScheme.matches(in: content, options: [], range: fullRange) : []
+        let bolt11Matches = hasLightning ? Patterns.bolt11.matches(in: content, options: [], range: fullRange) : []
+        let lnurlMatches = hasLightning ? Patterns.lnurl.matches(in: content, options: [], range: fullRange) : []
+
+        // Build mention ranges for overlap checking
+        let mentionRanges = mentionMatches.map { $0.range(at: 0) }
+
+        func overlapsMention(_ r: NSRange) -> Bool {
+            mentionRanges.contains { NSIntersectionRange(r, $0).length > 0 }
+        }
+
+        func isStandaloneHashtag(_ r: NSRange) -> Bool {
+            guard let swiftRange = Range(r, in: content) else { return false }
+            if swiftRange.lowerBound == content.startIndex { return true }
+            let prev = content.index(before: swiftRange.lowerBound)
+            return content[prev].isWhitespace || content[prev].isNewline
+        }
+
+        func attachedToMention(_ r: NSRange) -> Bool {
+            guard let swiftRange = Range(r, in: content), swiftRange.lowerBound > content.startIndex else { return false }
+            var i = content.index(before: swiftRange.lowerBound)
+            while true {
+                let ch = content[i]
+                if ch.isWhitespace || ch.isNewline { break }
+                if ch == "@" { return true }
+                if i == content.startIndex { break }
+                i = content.index(before: i)
+            }
+            return false
+        }
+
+        var allMatches: [ContentMatch] = []
+
+        // Add hashtags (excluding those attached to mentions)
+        for match in hashtagMatches {
+            let range = match.range(at: 0)
+            if !overlapsMention(range) && !attachedToMention(range) && isStandaloneHashtag(range) {
+                allMatches.append(ContentMatch(range: range, type: .hashtag))
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Add mentions
+        for match in mentionMatches {
+            allMatches.append(ContentMatch(range: match.range(at: 0), type: .mention))
+        }
+
+        // Add URLs
+        for match in urlMatches where !overlapsMention(match.range) {
+            allMatches.append(ContentMatch(range: match.range, type: .url))
+        }
+
+        // Add Cashu tokens
+        for match in cashuMatches where !overlapsMention(match.range(at: 0)) {
+            allMatches.append(ContentMatch(range: match.range(at: 0), type: .cashu))
+        }
+
+        // Add Lightning scheme URLs
+        for match in lightningMatches where !overlapsMention(match.range(at: 0)) {
+            allMatches.append(ContentMatch(range: match.range(at: 0), type: .lightning))
+        }
+
+        // Add bolt11/lnurl (avoiding overlaps with lightning scheme and URLs)
+        let occupied = urlMatches.map { $0.range } + lightningMatches.map { $0.range(at: 0) }
+        func overlapsOccupied(_ r: NSRange) -> Bool {
+            occupied.contains { NSIntersectionRange(r, $0).length > 0 }
+        }
+
+        for match in bolt11Matches where !overlapsMention(match.range(at: 0)) && !overlapsOccupied(match.range(at: 0)) {
+            allMatches.append(ContentMatch(range: match.range(at: 0), type: .bolt11))
+        }
+
+        for match in lnurlMatches where !overlapsMention(match.range(at: 0)) && !overlapsOccupied(match.range(at: 0)) {
+            allMatches.append(ContentMatch(range: match.range(at: 0), type: .lnurl))
+        }
+
+        // Sort by position
+        return allMatches.sorted { $0.range.location < $1.range.location }
+    }
+
+    private static func formatPlainContent(_ content: String, baseColor: Color, isSelf: Bool) -> AttributedString {
+        var style = AttributeContainer()
+        style.foregroundColor = baseColor
+        style.font = isSelf
+            ? .bitchatSystem(size: 14, weight: .bold, design: .monospaced)
+            : .bitchatSystem(size: 14, design: .monospaced)
+        return AttributedString(content).mergingAttributes(style)
+    }
+
+    private static func formatPlainText(_ text: String, baseColor: Color, isSelf: Bool, isMentioned: Bool) -> AttributedString {
+        guard !text.isEmpty else { return AttributedString() }
+
+        var style = AttributeContainer()
+        style.foregroundColor = baseColor
+        style.font = isSelf
+            ? .bitchatSystem(size: 14, weight: .bold, design: .monospaced)
+            : .bitchatSystem(size: 14, design: .monospaced)
+
+        if isMentioned {
+            style.font = style.font?.bold()
+        }
+
+        return AttributedString(text).mergingAttributes(style)
+    }
+
+    private static func formatMatch(_ text: String, type: MatchType, baseColor: Color, isSelf: Bool) -> AttributedString {
+        var style = AttributeContainer()
+
+        switch type {
+        case .mention:
+            // Split optional '#abcd' suffix
+            let (baseName, suffix) = text.splitSuffix()
+            var result = AttributedString()
+
+            var mentionStyle = AttributeContainer()
+            mentionStyle.foregroundColor = .blue
+            mentionStyle.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 14, weight: .semibold, design: .monospaced)
+            result.append(AttributedString(baseName).mergingAttributes(mentionStyle))
+
+            if !suffix.isEmpty {
+                var suffixStyle = mentionStyle
+                suffixStyle.foregroundColor = Color.gray.opacity(0.7)
+                result.append(AttributedString(suffix).mergingAttributes(suffixStyle))
+            }
+
+            return result
+
+        case .hashtag:
+            style.foregroundColor = .purple
+            style.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 14, weight: .medium, design: .monospaced)
+
+        case .url:
+            style.foregroundColor = .blue
+            style.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 14, design: .monospaced)
+            style.underlineStyle = .single
+            if let url = URL(string: text) {
+                style.link = url
+            }
+
+        case .cashu:
+            style.foregroundColor = .green
+            style.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 14, weight: .medium, design: .monospaced)
+            style.backgroundColor = Color.green.opacity(0.1)
+
+        case .lightning, .bolt11, .lnurl:
+            style.foregroundColor = .yellow
+            style.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 14, weight: .medium, design: .monospaced)
+            style.backgroundColor = Color.yellow.opacity(0.1)
+        }
+
+        return AttributedString(text).mergingAttributes(style)
+    }
+
+    private static func formatTimestamp(_ timestamp: String) -> AttributedString {
+        let text = AttributedString(" [\(timestamp)]")
+        var style = AttributeContainer()
+        style.foregroundColor = Color.gray.opacity(0.5)
+        style.font = .bitchatSystem(size: 10, design: .monospaced)
+        return text.mergingAttributes(style)
+    }
+}

bitchat/Services/MessageRouter.swift

@@ -1,17 +1,28 @@
 import BitLogger
+import BitFoundation
 import Foundation
 
-/// Routes messages between BLE and Nostr transports
+/// Routes messages using available transports (Mesh, Nostr, etc.)
 @MainActor
 final class MessageRouter {
-    private let mesh: Transport
-    private let nostr: NostrTransport
-    private var outbox: [PeerID: [(content: String, nickname: String, messageID: String)]] = [:] // peerID -> queued messages
+    private let transports: [Transport]
 
-    init(mesh: Transport, nostr: NostrTransport) {
-        self.mesh = mesh
-        self.nostr = nostr
-        self.nostr.senderPeerID = mesh.myPeerID
+    // Outbox entry with timestamp for TTL-based eviction
+    private struct QueuedMessage {
+        let content: String
+        let nickname: String
+        let messageID: String
+        let timestamp: Date
+    }
+
+    private var outbox: [PeerID: [QueuedMessage]] = [:]
+
+    // Outbox limits to prevent unbounded memory growth
+    private static let maxMessagesPerPeer = 100
+    private static let messageTTLSeconds: TimeInterval = 24 * 60 * 60 // 24 hours
+
+    init(transports: [Transport]) {
+        self.transports = transports
 
         // Observe favorites changes to learn Nostr mapping and flush queued messages
         NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
@@ -37,89 +48,87 @@ final class MessageRouter {
         }
     }
 
+    // MARK: - Transport Selection
+
+    private func reachableTransport(for peerID: PeerID) -> Transport? {
+        transports.first { $0.isPeerReachable(peerID) }
+    }
+
+    private func connectedTransport(for peerID: PeerID) -> Transport? {
+        transports.first { $0.isPeerConnected(peerID) }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Message Sending
+
     func sendPrivate(_ content: String, to peerID: PeerID, recipientNickname: String, messageID: String) {
-        let reachableMesh = mesh.isPeerReachable(peerID)
-        if reachableMesh {
-            SecureLogger.debug("Routing PM via mesh (reachable) to \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(messageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
-            // BLEService will initiate a handshake if needed and queue the message
-            mesh.sendPrivateMessage(content, to: peerID, recipientNickname: recipientNickname, messageID: messageID)
-        } else if canSendViaNostr(peerID: peerID) {
-            SecureLogger.debug("Routing PM via Nostr to \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(messageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
-            nostr.sendPrivateMessage(content, to: peerID, recipientNickname: recipientNickname, messageID: messageID)
+        if let transport = reachableTransport(for: peerID) {
+            SecureLogger.debug("Routing PM via \(type(of: transport)) to \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(messageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
+            transport.sendPrivateMessage(content, to: peerID, recipientNickname: recipientNickname, messageID: messageID)
         } else {
-            // Queue for later (when mesh connects or Nostr mapping appears)
+            // Queue for later with timestamp for TTL tracking
             if outbox[peerID] == nil { outbox[peerID] = [] }
-            outbox[peerID]?.append((content, recipientNickname, messageID))
-            SecureLogger.debug("Queued PM for \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… (no mesh, no Nostr mapping) id=\(messageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
+
+            let message = QueuedMessage(content: content, nickname: recipientNickname, messageID: messageID, timestamp: Date())
+            outbox[peerID]?.append(message)
+
+            // Enforce per-peer size limit with FIFO eviction
+            if let count = outbox[peerID]?.count, count > Self.maxMessagesPerPeer {
+                let evicted = outbox[peerID]?.removeFirst()
+                SecureLogger.warning("📤 Outbox overflow for \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… - evicted oldest message: \(evicted?.messageID.prefix(8) ?? "?")…", category: .session)
+            }
+
+            SecureLogger.debug("Queued PM for \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… (no reachable transport) id=\(messageID.prefix(8))… queue=\(outbox[peerID]?.count ?? 0)", category: .session)
         }
     }
 
     func sendReadReceipt(_ receipt: ReadReceipt, to peerID: PeerID) {
-        // Prefer mesh for reachable peers; BLE will queue if handshake is needed
-        if mesh.isPeerReachable(peerID) {
-            SecureLogger.debug("Routing READ ack via mesh (reachable) to \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(receipt.originalMessageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
-            mesh.sendReadReceipt(receipt, to: peerID)
-        } else {
-            SecureLogger.debug("Routing READ ack via Nostr to \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(receipt.originalMessageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
-            nostr.sendReadReceipt(receipt, to: peerID)
+        if let transport = reachableTransport(for: peerID) {
+            SecureLogger.debug("Routing READ ack via \(type(of: transport)) to \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(receipt.originalMessageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
+            transport.sendReadReceipt(receipt, to: peerID)
+        } else if !transports.isEmpty {
+            SecureLogger.debug("No reachable transport for READ ack to \(peerID.id.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
         }
     }
 
     func sendDeliveryAck(_ messageID: String, to peerID: PeerID) {
-        if mesh.isPeerReachable(peerID) {
-            SecureLogger.debug("Routing DELIVERED ack via mesh (reachable) to \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(messageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
-            mesh.sendDeliveryAck(for: messageID, to: peerID)
-        } else {
-            nostr.sendDeliveryAck(for: messageID, to: peerID)
+        if let transport = reachableTransport(for: peerID) {
+            SecureLogger.debug("Routing DELIVERED ack via \(type(of: transport)) to \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(messageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
+            transport.sendDeliveryAck(for: messageID, to: peerID)
         }
     }
 
     func sendFavoriteNotification(to peerID: PeerID, isFavorite: Bool) {
-        // Route via mesh when connected; else use Nostr
-        if mesh.isPeerConnected(peerID) {
-            mesh.sendFavoriteNotification(to: peerID, isFavorite: isFavorite)
-        } else {
-            nostr.sendFavoriteNotification(to: peerID, isFavorite: isFavorite)
+        if let transport = connectedTransport(for: peerID) {
+            transport.sendFavoriteNotification(to: peerID, isFavorite: isFavorite)
+        } else if let transport = reachableTransport(for: peerID) {
+            transport.sendFavoriteNotification(to: peerID, isFavorite: isFavorite)
         }
     }
 
     // MARK: - Outbox Management
-    private func canSendViaNostr(peerID: PeerID) -> Bool {
-        // Two forms are supported:
-        // - 64-hex Noise public key (32 bytes)
-        // - 16-hex short peer ID (derived from Noise pubkey)
-        if let noiseKey = peerID.noiseKey {
-            if let fav = FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.getFavoriteStatus(for: noiseKey),
-               fav.peerNostrPublicKey != nil {
-                return true
-            }
-        } else if peerID.isShort {
-            if let fav = FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.getFavoriteStatus(forPeerID: peerID),
-               fav.peerNostrPublicKey != nil {
-                return true
-            }
-        }
-        return false
-    }
 
     func flushOutbox(for peerID: PeerID) {
         guard let queued = outbox[peerID], !queued.isEmpty else { return }
         SecureLogger.debug("Flushing outbox for \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… count=\(queued.count)", category: .session)
-        var remaining: [(content: String, nickname: String, messageID: String)] = []
-        // Prefer mesh if connected; else try Nostr if mapping exists
-        for (content, nickname, messageID) in queued {
-            if mesh.isPeerReachable(peerID) {
-                SecureLogger.debug("Outbox -> mesh for \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(messageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
-                mesh.sendPrivateMessage(content, to: peerID, recipientNickname: nickname, messageID: messageID)
-            } else if canSendViaNostr(peerID: peerID) {
-                SecureLogger.debug("Outbox -> Nostr for \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(messageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
-                nostr.sendPrivateMessage(content, to: peerID, recipientNickname: nickname, messageID: messageID)
+
+        let now = Date()
+        var remaining: [QueuedMessage] = []
+
+        for message in queued {
+            // Skip expired messages (TTL exceeded)
+            if now.timeIntervalSince(message.timestamp) > Self.messageTTLSeconds {
+                SecureLogger.debug("⏰ Expired queued message for \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(message.messageID.prefix(8))… (age: \(Int(now.timeIntervalSince(message.timestamp)))s)", category: .session)
+                continue
+            }
+
+            if let transport = reachableTransport(for: peerID) {
+                SecureLogger.debug("Outbox -> \(type(of: transport)) for \(peerID.id.prefix(8))… id=\(message.messageID.prefix(8))…", category: .session)
+                transport.sendPrivateMessage(message.content, to: peerID, recipientNickname: message.nickname, messageID: message.messageID)
             } else {
-                // Keep unsent items queued
-                remaining.append((content, nickname, messageID))
+                remaining.append(message)
             }
         }
-        // Persist only items we could not send
+
         if remaining.isEmpty {
             outbox.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
         } else {
@@ -130,4 +139,15 @@ final class MessageRouter {
     func flushAllOutbox() {
         for key in Array(outbox.keys) { flushOutbox(for: key) }
     }
+
+    /// Periodically clean up expired messages from all outboxes
+    func cleanupExpiredMessages() {
+        let now = Date()
+        for peerID in Array(outbox.keys) {
+            outbox[peerID]?.removeAll { now.timeIntervalSince($0.timestamp) > Self.messageTTLSeconds }
+            if outbox[peerID]?.isEmpty == true {
+                outbox.removeValue(forKey: peerID)
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

bitchat/Services/NetworkActivationService.swift

@@ -3,6 +3,27 @@ import BitLogger
 import Combine
 import Tor
 
+@MainActor
+protocol NetworkActivationTorControlling: AnyObject {
+    func setAutoStartAllowed(_ allowed: Bool)
+    func startIfNeeded()
+    func shutdownCompletely()
+}
+
+@MainActor
+protocol NetworkActivationRelayControlling: AnyObject {
+    func connect()
+    func disconnect()
+}
+
+protocol NetworkActivationProxyControlling: AnyObject {
+    func setProxyMode(useTor: Bool)
+}
+
+extension TorManager: NetworkActivationTorControlling {}
+extension NostrRelayManager: NetworkActivationRelayControlling {}
+extension TorURLSession: NetworkActivationProxyControlling {}
+
 /// Coordinates when the app is allowed to start Tor and connect to Nostr relays.
 /// Policy: permit start when either location permissions are authorized OR
 /// there exists at least one mutual favorite. Otherwise, do not start.
@@ -17,14 +38,55 @@ final class NetworkActivationService: ObservableObject {
     private var started = false
     private let torPreferenceKey = "networkActivationService.userTorEnabled"
     private var torAutoStartDesired: Bool = false
+    private let storage: UserDefaults
+    private let locationPermissionPublisher: AnyPublisher<LocationChannelManager.PermissionState, Never>
+    private let mutualFavoritesPublisher: AnyPublisher<Set<Data>, Never>
+    private let permissionProvider: () -> LocationChannelManager.PermissionState
+    private let mutualFavoritesProvider: () -> Set<Data>
+    private let torController: NetworkActivationTorControlling
+    private let relayController: NetworkActivationRelayControlling
+    private let proxyController: NetworkActivationProxyControlling
+    private let notificationCenter: NotificationCenter
 
-    private init() {}
+    private init() {
+        storage = .standard
+        locationPermissionPublisher = LocationChannelManager.shared.$permissionState.eraseToAnyPublisher()
+        mutualFavoritesPublisher = FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.$mutualFavorites.eraseToAnyPublisher()
+        permissionProvider = { LocationChannelManager.shared.permissionState }
+        mutualFavoritesProvider = { FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.mutualFavorites }
+        torController = TorManager.shared
+        relayController = NostrRelayManager.shared
+        proxyController = TorURLSession.shared
+        notificationCenter = .default
+    }
+
+    internal init(
+        storage: UserDefaults,
+        locationPermissionPublisher: AnyPublisher<LocationChannelManager.PermissionState, Never>,
+        mutualFavoritesPublisher: AnyPublisher<Set<Data>, Never>,
+        permissionProvider: @escaping () -> LocationChannelManager.PermissionState,
+        mutualFavoritesProvider: @escaping () -> Set<Data>,
+        torController: NetworkActivationTorControlling,
+        relayController: NetworkActivationRelayControlling,
+        proxyController: NetworkActivationProxyControlling,
+        notificationCenter: NotificationCenter = .default
+    ) {
+        self.storage = storage
+        self.locationPermissionPublisher = locationPermissionPublisher
+        self.mutualFavoritesPublisher = mutualFavoritesPublisher
+        self.permissionProvider = permissionProvider
+        self.mutualFavoritesProvider = mutualFavoritesProvider
+        self.torController = torController
+        self.relayController = relayController
+        self.proxyController = proxyController
+        self.notificationCenter = notificationCenter
+    }
 
     func start() {
         guard !started else { return }
         started = true
 
-        if let stored = UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: torPreferenceKey) as? Bool {
+        if let stored = storage.object(forKey: torPreferenceKey) as? Bool {
             userTorEnabled = stored
         } else {
             userTorEnabled = true
@@ -34,16 +96,16 @@ final class NetworkActivationService: ObservableObject {
         let allowed = basePolicyAllowed()
         activationAllowed = allowed
         torAutoStartDesired = allowed && userTorEnabled
-        TorManager.shared.setAutoStartAllowed(torAutoStartDesired)
+        torController.setAutoStartAllowed(torAutoStartDesired)
         applyTorState(torDesired: torAutoStartDesired)
         if allowed {
-            NostrRelayManager.shared.connect()
+            relayController.connect()
         } else {
-            NostrRelayManager.shared.disconnect()
+            relayController.disconnect()
         }
 
         // React to location permission changes
-        LocationChannelManager.shared.$permissionState
+        locationPermissionPublisher
             .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
             .sink { [weak self] _ in
                 self?.reevaluate()
@@ -51,7 +113,7 @@ final class NetworkActivationService: ObservableObject {
             .store(in: &cancellables)
 
         // React to mutual favorites changes
-        FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.$mutualFavorites
+        mutualFavoritesPublisher
             .receive(on: DispatchQueue.main)
             .sink { [weak self] _ in
                 self?.reevaluate()
@@ -62,8 +124,8 @@ final class NetworkActivationService: ObservableObject {
     func setUserTorEnabled(_ enabled: Bool) {
         guard enabled != userTorEnabled else { return }
         userTorEnabled = enabled
-        UserDefaults.standard.set(enabled, forKey: torPreferenceKey)
-        NotificationCenter.default.post(
+        storage.set(enabled, forKey: torPreferenceKey)
+        notificationCenter.post(
             name: .TorUserPreferenceChanged,
             object: nil,
             userInfo: ["enabled": enabled]
@@ -82,33 +144,33 @@ final class NetworkActivationService: ObservableObject {
         }
         if statusChanged || torChanged {
             torAutoStartDesired = torDesired
-            TorManager.shared.setAutoStartAllowed(torDesired)
+            torController.setAutoStartAllowed(torDesired)
             applyTorState(torDesired: torDesired)
         }
 
         if allowed {
             if torChanged {
                 // Reset relay sockets when switching transport path (Tor ↔︎ direct)
-                NostrRelayManager.shared.disconnect()
+                relayController.disconnect()
             }
-            NostrRelayManager.shared.connect()
+            relayController.connect()
         } else if statusChanged {
-            NostrRelayManager.shared.disconnect()
+            relayController.disconnect()
         }
     }
 
     private func basePolicyAllowed() -> Bool {
-        let permOK = LocationChannelManager.shared.permissionState == .authorized
-        let hasMutual = !FavoritesPersistenceService.shared.mutualFavorites.isEmpty
+        let permOK = permissionProvider() == .authorized
+        let hasMutual = !mutualFavoritesProvider().isEmpty
         return permOK || hasMutual
     }
 
     private func applyTorState(torDesired: Bool) {
-        TorURLSession.shared.setProxyMode(useTor: torDesired)
+        proxyController.setProxyMode(useTor: torDesired)
         if torDesired {
-            TorManager.shared.startIfNeeded()
+            torController.startIfNeeded()
         } else {
-            TorManager.shared.shutdownCompletely()
+            torController.shutdownCompletely()
         }
     }
 }

bitchat/Services/NoiseEncryptionService.swift

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@
 ///
 
 import BitLogger
+import BitFoundation
 import Foundation
 import CryptoKit
 
@@ -199,64 +200,153 @@ final class NoiseEncryptionService {
     
     init(keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol) {
         self.keychain = keychain
-        
-        // Load or create static identity key (ONLY from keychain)
+
+        // BCH-01-009: Load or create static identity key with proper error handling
         let loadedKey: Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey
-        
-        // Try to load from keychain
-        if let identityData = keychain.getIdentityKey(forKey: "noiseStaticKey"),
-           let key = try? Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey(rawRepresentation: identityData) {
-            loadedKey = key
-            SecureLogger.logKeyOperation(.load, keyType: "noiseStaticKey", success: true)
-        }
-        // If no identity exists, create new one
-        else {
+
+        // Try to load from keychain with proper error classification
+        let noiseKeyResult = keychain.getIdentityKeyWithResult(forKey: "noiseStaticKey")
+
+        switch noiseKeyResult {
+        case .success(let identityData):
+            if let key = try? Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey(rawRepresentation: identityData) {
+                loadedKey = key
+                SecureLogger.logKeyOperation(.load, keyType: "noiseStaticKey", success: true)
+            } else {
+                // Data corrupted, regenerate
+                SecureLogger.warning("Noise static key data corrupted, regenerating", category: .keychain)
+                loadedKey = Self.generateAndSaveNoiseKey(keychain: keychain)
+            }
+
+        case .itemNotFound:
+            // Expected case: no key exists yet, create new one
+            loadedKey = Self.generateAndSaveNoiseKey(keychain: keychain)
+
+        case .accessDenied:
+            // Critical error - log but proceed with ephemeral key (will be lost on restart)
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: -1),
+                               context: "Keychain access denied - using ephemeral identity", category: .keychain)
+            loadedKey = Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey()
+
+        case .deviceLocked, .authenticationFailed:
+            // Recoverable error - use ephemeral key and warn
+            SecureLogger.warning("Device locked or auth failed - using ephemeral identity until unlocked", category: .keychain)
+            loadedKey = Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey()
+
+        case .otherError(let status):
+            // Unexpected error - log and use ephemeral key
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: Int(status)),
+                               context: "Unexpected keychain error - using ephemeral identity", category: .keychain)
             loadedKey = Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey()
-            let keyData = loadedKey.rawRepresentation
-            
-            // Save to keychain
-            let saved = keychain.saveIdentityKey(keyData, forKey: "noiseStaticKey")
-            SecureLogger.logKeyOperation(.create, keyType: "noiseStaticKey", success: saved)
         }
-        
+
         // Now assign the final value
         self.staticIdentityKey = loadedKey
         self.staticIdentityPublicKey = staticIdentityKey.publicKey
-        
-        // Load or create signing key pair
+
+        // BCH-01-009: Load or create signing key pair with proper error handling
         let loadedSigningKey: Curve25519.Signing.PrivateKey
-        
-        // Try to load from keychain
-        if let signingData = keychain.getIdentityKey(forKey: "ed25519SigningKey"),
-           let key = try? Curve25519.Signing.PrivateKey(rawRepresentation: signingData) {
-            loadedSigningKey = key
-            SecureLogger.logKeyOperation(.load, keyType: "ed25519SigningKey", success: true)
-        }
-        // If no signing key exists, create new one
-        else {
+
+        let signingKeyResult = keychain.getIdentityKeyWithResult(forKey: "ed25519SigningKey")
+
+        switch signingKeyResult {
+        case .success(let signingData):
+            if let key = try? Curve25519.Signing.PrivateKey(rawRepresentation: signingData) {
+                loadedSigningKey = key
+                SecureLogger.logKeyOperation(.load, keyType: "ed25519SigningKey", success: true)
+            } else {
+                // Data corrupted, regenerate
+                SecureLogger.warning("Ed25519 signing key data corrupted, regenerating", category: .keychain)
+                loadedSigningKey = Self.generateAndSaveSigningKey(keychain: keychain)
+            }
+
+        case .itemNotFound:
+            // Expected case: no key exists yet, create new one
+            loadedSigningKey = Self.generateAndSaveSigningKey(keychain: keychain)
+
+        case .accessDenied:
+            // Critical error - log but proceed with ephemeral key
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: -1),
+                               context: "Keychain access denied - using ephemeral signing key", category: .keychain)
+            loadedSigningKey = Curve25519.Signing.PrivateKey()
+
+        case .deviceLocked, .authenticationFailed:
+            // Recoverable error - use ephemeral key and warn
+            SecureLogger.warning("Device locked or auth failed - using ephemeral signing key until unlocked", category: .keychain)
+            loadedSigningKey = Curve25519.Signing.PrivateKey()
+
+        case .otherError(let status):
+            // Unexpected error - log and use ephemeral key
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: Int(status)),
+                               context: "Unexpected keychain error - using ephemeral signing key", category: .keychain)
             loadedSigningKey = Curve25519.Signing.PrivateKey()
-            let keyData = loadedSigningKey.rawRepresentation
-            
-            // Save to keychain
-            let saved = keychain.saveIdentityKey(keyData, forKey: "ed25519SigningKey")
-            SecureLogger.logKeyOperation(.create, keyType: "ed25519SigningKey", success: saved)
         }
-        
+
         // Now assign the signing keys
         self.signingKey = loadedSigningKey
         self.signingPublicKey = signingKey.publicKey
-        
+
         // Initialize session manager
         self.sessionManager = NoiseSessionManager(localStaticKey: staticIdentityKey, keychain: keychain)
-        
+
         // Set up session callbacks
         sessionManager.onSessionEstablished = { [weak self] peerID, remoteStaticKey in
             self?.handleSessionEstablished(peerID: peerID, remoteStaticKey: remoteStaticKey)
         }
-        
+
         // Start session maintenance timer
         startRekeyTimer()
     }
+
+    // MARK: - BCH-01-009: Key Generation Helpers with Save Verification
+
+    /// Generate and save a new Noise static key, verifying the save succeeds
+    private static func generateAndSaveNoiseKey(keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol) -> Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey {
+        let newKey = Curve25519.KeyAgreement.PrivateKey()
+        let keyData = newKey.rawRepresentation
+
+        // Save to keychain and verify success
+        let saveResult = keychain.saveIdentityKeyWithResult(keyData, forKey: "noiseStaticKey")
+
+        switch saveResult {
+        case .success:
+            SecureLogger.logKeyOperation(.create, keyType: "noiseStaticKey", success: true)
+        case .duplicateItem:
+            // This shouldn't happen since we just tried to load, but handle it
+            SecureLogger.warning("Noise key already exists (race condition?)", category: .keychain)
+        default:
+            // Save failed - log but continue with the key (it will be ephemeral)
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: -1),
+                               context: "Failed to persist noise static key - identity will be lost on restart",
+                               category: .keychain)
+        }
+
+        return newKey
+    }
+
+    /// Generate and save a new Ed25519 signing key, verifying the save succeeds
+    private static func generateAndSaveSigningKey(keychain: KeychainManagerProtocol) -> Curve25519.Signing.PrivateKey {
+        let newKey = Curve25519.Signing.PrivateKey()
+        let keyData = newKey.rawRepresentation
+
+        // Save to keychain and verify success
+        let saveResult = keychain.saveIdentityKeyWithResult(keyData, forKey: "ed25519SigningKey")
+
+        switch saveResult {
+        case .success:
+            SecureLogger.logKeyOperation(.create, keyType: "ed25519SigningKey", success: true)
+        case .duplicateItem:
+            // This shouldn't happen since we just tried to load, but handle it
+            SecureLogger.warning("Signing key already exists (race condition?)", category: .keychain)
+        default:
+            // Save failed - log but continue with the key (it will be ephemeral)
+            SecureLogger.error(NSError(domain: "Keychain", code: -1),
+                               context: "Failed to persist signing key - identity will be lost on restart",
+                               category: .keychain)
+        }
+
+        return newKey
+    }
     
     // MARK: - Public Interface
     
@@ -527,6 +617,17 @@ final class NoiseEncryptionService {
         }
         rateLimiter.resetAll()
     }
+
+    /// Clear session for a specific peer (e.g., on decryption failure to allow re-handshake)
+    func clearSession(for peerID: PeerID) {
+        sessionManager.removeSession(for: peerID)
+        serviceQueue.sync(flags: .barrier) {
+            if let fingerprint = peerFingerprints.removeValue(forKey: peerID) {
+                fingerprintToPeerID.removeValue(forKey: fingerprint)
+            }
+        }
+        SecureLogger.debug("🔓 Cleared Noise session for \(peerID)", category: .session)
+    }
     
     // MARK: - Private Helpers